The Clinician's Guide to Dermatologic Differential Diagnosis

Paul I Schneiderman, MDClinical Professor of DermatologyColumbia Presbyterian Medical CenterColumbia University School of MedicineNew York, NY Marc E Grossman, MDVisiting Professor Department of DermatologyYale University New Haven, CT

Table of Contents.- Volume 1: The Text.- Abdominal Pain, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Abscess (Sterile and Non-Sterile).- Acanthosis Nigricans-Like Lesions.- Acidosis and Rash in the Newborn.- Acneiform Eruptions.- Acral Cyanosis.- Acral Erythema.- Acral Erythema and Scale With or Without Linear Cutoff.- Acral Papules and Nodules; Knuckle Papules; Papules, Digital.- Acrochordons (Skin Tags).- Acromegalic Features.- Acro-osteolysis.- Adrenal Disease, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Ainhum.- Alopecia.- Alopecia and Structural Abnormalities of the Nose and Hands.- Alopecia, Eyebrows.- Alopecia in Neonates, Infants, and Toddlers.- Alveolar Hemorrhage.- Angioedema.- Angiokeratoma Corporis Diffusum.- Annular Lesions of Penis with Surface Changes.- Annular Lesions with Surface Changes.- Annular Lesions Without Surface Changes.- Annular Scars.- Aortic Disease in the Young.- Aphthous Stomatitis.- Arthritis and Rash (Polyarthritis and Monoarthritis).- Aseptic Meningitis, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Atrichia and Nail Abnormalities.- Atrophic Glossitis.- Atrophic Lesions.- Autoinflammatory Diseases.- Bariatric Surgery, Cutaneous Signs of Nutrient Deficiency.- Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndromes.- Bioweapons.- Black Dermatologic Entities.- Black Oral Lesions.- Blaschko-esque Entities.- Blindness, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Blue Lunulae.- Blue Sclerae.- Blue Spots.- Blueberry Muffin Lesions, Neonate.- Breast Asymmetry.- Breast Cancer, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Breast Hypertrophy (Gynecomastia) and Breast Masses.- Breast Lesions.- Buffalo Hump (Cervicodorsal Lipodystrophy).- Bullae and/or Vesicles.- Bullae, HemorrhagicBullae, Hemorrhagic, Septic.- Bullae in the Neonate.- Bullae in Infants and Children.- Bullae of the Fingers or Toes.- Bullae, Transient, in Infants.- Burning Tongue.- Butterfly Rash.- Café Au Lait Macules (CALMs), Associations.- Cardiac and/or Cardiovascular Disease and Skin Lesions.- CDKN2a with p14 LOSS.- Cellulitis in the Immunocompromised Host.- Cellulitis, Infectionsin the Immunocompetent Host.- Cellulitis (Pseudocellulitis), Non-infectious Etiologies.- Cerebriform Lesions.- Chalky Material Extruded From Lesions.- Cheilitis (Crusted Lips).- Chemotherapy, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Chest Wall Tumors.- Cleft Lip and/or Palate (Associated Skin Disorders).- Coarse Facies and Coarse Facial Skin.- Cobblestone Appearance of Skin.- Cobblestone Appearance of the Oral Mucosa.- Cocaine Use, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Concentric Lesions.- Conjunctival Lesions, Pigmented.- Craniosynostosis.- Cutaneous Horns.- Cutis Laxa-like Appearance.- Cutis Verticis Gyrata.- Cysts With or Without Drainage.- Deafness or Hearing Impairment, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Dermatitis (Spongiotic), Differential Diagnosis.- Dermatitis, Facial, Pediatric.- Dermatitis, Periorbital.- Dermatitis, Periorificial.- Dermatographism.- Desmoplakin Mutations.- Diabetes Mellitus, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Diarrhea, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Dimples.- Doughy Skin.- Drug Abuse, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Dyschromatosis (Hypopigmentation and Hyperpigmentation).- Dyshidrosis.- Ear Lesions.- Ear, Hard (Petrified Auricles).- Ears, Red.- Edema.- Edema, Hands.- Edema, Head.- Edema, Legs.- Erosions (Superficial Ulcers).- Erythroderma (Exfoliative Erythroderma).- Erythrodermic Infant.- Eschars.- Esophageal and Cutaneous Disease.- Exanthem.- Exfoliation (Desquamation).- Eyelid Lesions.- Eyes, Red and Rash.- Facial Asymmetry.- Facial Dermatitis, Scaly.- Facial Edema.- Facial Papules and Plaques.- Facial Papules.- Facial Plaques, Scarring and Non-scarring.- Facial Scars.- Facial Ulcers.- Facies.- Fetal Akinesia Deformation Sequence.- Fever and Rash, Noninfectious.- Fever, Arthritis, and Exanthem.- Fibromatoses in Children.- Fibrous Tumors, Differential Diagnosis.- Figurate Erythemas.- Fingertip Lesions.- Fingertip Necrosis.- Fingertip Ulcers.- Flushing Disorders.- Follicular Plugging.- Foot Ulcers.- Freckling of Hands.- Gastrointestinal Cancer and Skin Lesions.- Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage and Skin Lesions.- Gastrointestinal Polyposis and Skin.- Gingival Hyperplasia.- Gingivitis.- Glomerulonephritis, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Granulomas  .- Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Green Pigmentation.- Hair Abnormalities.- Hair Breakage.- Hair Shaft Nodules or Nits (Particulate Matter).- Hair, Premature Graying.- Heart Block and Rash.- Heart Failure, Cutaneous Manifestations .- Heliotrope.- Hematologic Malignancies, Cutaneous Signs.- Hemihypertrophy (Asymmetric Overgrowth Syndromes)Herpetiform Lesions.- Heterochromia Iridum (Iridis).- Hoarseness, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Human Papilloma Virus-Associated Immunodeficiency Syndromes.- Hyperhidrosis.- Hyperkeratotic Lesions.- Hyperkeratotic Lesions of Feet.- Hyperkeratotic Lesions of Hands.- Hyperkeratotic Lesions of the Nipples.- Hyperpigmentation in Blaschko's Lines.- Hyperpigmentation, Diffuse.- Hyperpigmentation, Facial .- Hyperpigmentation, Flagellate.- Hyperpigmentation, Paronychial.- Hyperpigmentation, Patchy.- Hyperpigmentation, Segmental or Zosteriform.- Hyperpigmented Lesions, Discrete Annular.- Hypertrichosis, Generalized.- Hypertrichosis, Localized.- Hypohidrosis (Anhidrosis).- Hypopigmented Patches or Plaques.- Hypoplasia of Distal Phalanges.- Hypotrichosis With Growth and Mental Retardation.- Ichthyosiform Eruptions.- Immune Deficiency Syndromes with Bacterial Infections.- Inguinal Lymphadenitis and Rash.- Intertrigo, Including Diaper Dermatitis.- Iris Lesions, Pigmented.- Islands of Sparing.- Kaposi's Sarcoma, Differential Diagnosis.- Kinky Hair.- Knuckle Papules.- Knuckles, Pebbly, With Scarring.- Lacrimal Gland, Enlarged.- Lentigines.- Leonine Facies.- Leukoderma, Guttate.- Leukonychia.- Leukoplakia.- Linear Erythronychia.- Linear Hypopigmentation.- Linear Lesions.- Linear Lesions Following Veins.- Lip Lesions, Pigmented.- Lip Papules.- Lip Pits.- Lips, Swollen.- Lipoma Syndromes.- Lithium, Cutaneous Side Effects.- Livedo Reticularis With or Without Necrosis.- Liver Disease, Cutaneous Manifestations and Hepatic Abnormalities of Skin Disease.- Lymphadenopathy for the Dermatologist.- Macrocephaly.- Macrodactyly  (Enlarged Digit).- Malodorous Skin Conditions.- Marfanoid Features.- Masses of the Head and Neck.- Melanoma, Clinical Simulators.- Melanonychia.- Microcephaly.- Micronychia and Anonychia.- Midline Facial Nodules of Children.- Midline Nasal Masses.- Milia or Milia-Like Lesions (Fine White Papules).- Monoclonal Gammopathy, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Mucinoses.- Mucocutaneous Candidiasis Syndromes.- Muscle Weakness and Rash.- Myocarditis, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Nail Abnormalities.- Nasal Infiltration or Enlargement.- Nasal Septal Ulceration/Perforations (Rhinophagic Ulceration).- Neck Lesions.- Neck Papules.- Necrosis.- Neural Tube Dysraphism.- Nevi, Associated Syndromes .- Nipple Dermatitis.- Nipple Lesions.- No Fingerprint Syndromes (Adermatoglyphia, Absent Dermatoglyphics).- Nodules, Congenital.- Nodules, Foot.-Nodules, Juxta-Articular.- Nodules, Knee.- Nodules, Multilobulated.- Nodules, Multiple, Subcutaneous.- Nodule, Red, Face.- Nodule, Red, Hand.- Nodule, Red, Extremities.- Nodules, Red or Violaceous, Vascular Appearance.- Nodules, Skin Colored.- Nodules, Ulcerated.- Nodules, Unspecified Location.- Normal Skin (Barely Perceptible Lesions).- Obesity Syndromes/Protuberant Abdomen.- Onycholysis.- Oral Mucosa, Blue Pigmentation.- Oral Mucosa, Cysts.- Oral Mucosa, Hyperpigmentation.- Oral Mucosa, Nodules.- Oral Mucosa, Ulceration.- Oral Mucosa, Verrucous and Vegetating Lesions.- Osteoma Cutis.- Overgrowth Syndromes.- P63-Associated Disorders.- Painful Tumors.- Palatal Necrosis (Necrotic Ulcers of the Palate).- Palmar and/or Plantar Erythema.- Palmar and/or Plantar Nodules.- Palmar Pits and Punctate Keratoses/Dyshidrosis-like Lesions.- Palmoplantar Keratodermas.- Palmoplantar Keratodermas With Atrichia or Hypotrichosis.- Papules, Crusted.- Papules, Digital.- Papules, Dirty Brown.- Papules, Distal Digital, White.- Papules, Facial, Solitary.- Papules, Flat-Topped.- Papules, Follicular (Folliculocentric, Including Folliculitis).- Papules, Hyperkeratotic.- Papules and Nodules, Hyperpigmented (With or Without Hyperkeratosis).- Papules, Hyperpigmented With Hypertrichosis.- Papules of the Nose.- Papules, Periorbital.- Papules, Red.- Papules, Skin Colored.- Papules, Unspecified.- Papulosquamous Eruptions.- Paraneoplastic Dermatoses.- Paraproteinemias, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Parathyroid Disease, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Paronychia.- Parotid Gland Enlargement.- Particulate Matter/Exfoliation.- Pedunculated (Polypoid) Lesions.- Penile Edema, Acute and Chronic .- Penile Lesions.- Penile Ulcers.- Perianal Dermatitis and Hypertrophic Plaques.- Perianal Ulcers, Single or Multiple.- Periorbital Edema/Erythema (Dermatitis).- Periorbital Facial Nodules, Pediatric.- Periostitis.- Peripheral Eosinophilia.- Peripheral Neuropathy, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Phakomatoses.- Pharyngitis.- Photoeruption and Seborrheic Dermatitis-Like Eruption.- Pigmentary Retinopathy or Cone-Rod Dystrophy with Dermatologic Manifestations.- Pituitary Disease, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Pityriasis Rosea-Like Eruptions.- Plantar Erythema.- Pneumonia and Pneumonia-associated Disease, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Poikilodermas of Adulthood.- Poikilodermas of Childhood .- Poliosis, Localized or Generalized (Canites).- Polydactyly (PPD, PAP, and Complex Types).- Pore.- Port Wine Stain.- Preauricular Sinuses (Ear Pits).- Pregnancy, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Premature Aging Syndromes (Progeroid Syndromes).- Primary Immunodeficiency and Granuloma Formation.- Proptosis.- Pruritic Tumors.- Pruritus, Anal.- Pruritus, Erythematous Papules.- Pruritus, Generalized, Without Primary Skin Lesions.- Pruritus, Vulvar.- Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum-Like Lesions.- Psoriasiform Dermatitis.- Psoriasiform Plaque, Focal or Solitary.- Pterygium (Webbing).- Pterygium of the Nail.- Puberty, Delayed (Hypogonadism).- Puberty, Premature.- Pulmonary Disease Associated with Skin Disease.- Pulsatile Papules.- Punctate and Reticulate Hyperpigmentation.- Purpura.- Purpura, Neonatal.- Purpuric Rash and Fever.- Pustular and Vesiculopustular Eruptions in the Newborn.- Pustules and Pustular Eruptions of the Palms and Soles.- Pustules and Pustular Eruptions.- Red Chest.- Red Elbow.- Red Face.- Red Feet.- Red Nose.- Red Patch.- Red Plaque.- Red Scrotum.- Redundant Skin.- Renal Failure, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Renal Tumors.- Reticulated Eruptions.- Reticulated Hyperpigmentation.- Rhinophymatous Eruptions.- Rippling of Skin.- Rosette Lesions.- Saddle Nose Deformity.- Scalp Cysts.- Scalp Dermatitis.- Scalp Nodules.- Scalp Poliosis.- Scalp, Red Plaques.- Scarring of Neck.- Scars, Lesions in a Scar.- Sclerodermoid Changes.- Scrotal Nodules With Erosions.- Scrotal Papules and Nodules.- Scrotal Ulcerations.- Serpiginous Lesions.- Short Stature.- Sickle Cell Disease, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Sinus Tracts (Pre-auricular Pits).- Spiky Skin.- Spinal Dysraphism (Cutaneous Stigmata).- Splinter Hemorrhages.- Sporotrichoid Lesions.- Spotty Pigmentation of the Face.- Striae Distensae (Stretch Marks) .- Stroke Syndromes, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Swollen Calf.- Syndactyly.- Synophrys.- Tails.- Tall Stature Syndromes.- Target Lesions.- Tattoos, Palpable/Lesions in a Tattoo.- Teeth, Abnormalities.- Telangiectasias.- Testicular Enlargement.- Thumbs.- Thyroid Disease, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Tongue, Enlarged (Macroglossia).- Tongue, Hyperpigmentation.- Tongue, Multilobulated.- Tongue Necrosis (Lingual Necrosis).- Tongue, Red.- Tongue, Scrotal (Plicated Tongue, Fissured Tongue).- Tongue, Solitary Nodules.- Tongue, Ulcers.- Trichomegaly.- Tropical Fever and Rash.- Tumors, Giant.- Ulcers.- Ulcers, Leg.- Ulcers, Leg, In a Young Patient.- Umbilical Lesions.- Umbilical Nodules.- Umbilicated Lesions.- Unilateral Foot Edema.- Urticaria and Urticaria-Like Lesions.- Uveitis, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Uvula, Enlarged.- Valvular Disease, Cutaneous Manifestations.- Vasculitis, Granulomatous.- Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic.- Vasculitis, Thrombotic.- Vasculitis, Types.- Vegetative Lesions.- Verrucous Lesions of the Legs.- Verrucous Lesions, Periungual.- Verrucous Plaques.- Vulva, Hypertrophic Lesions and Edematous Lesions.- Vulvar Edema.- Vulvar Erythema With or Without Pruritus.- Vulvar Papules and Nodules.- Vulvar Ulcers.- White Feet.- White Macules.- White Papules, Nodules, and Plaques .- Woolly Hair.- Xanthomatous Lesions.- Xerosis, Associations and Causes.- Yellow Nails.- Yellow or Skin-Colored Papules of the Neck.- Yellow Papules and Plaques.- Yellow Plaques.- Yellow Skin (Xanthoderma).- Zebra Stripes.- Zosteriform Lesions/Segmental Disorders.- Volume 2: The Atlas.- Abscess.- Acanthosis Nigricans-like Lesions.- Acneiform Lesions.- Acral Bullae.- Acral Cyanosis.- Acral Erythema.- Acral Erythema and Scale.- Acral Necrosis.- Acral Nodules.- Acral Papules.- Acral Papules and Nodules.- Acral Pits.- Acromegalic Features.- Ainhum.- Alopecia.- Alopecia of the Eyebrows.- Angloedema.- Annular Lesions of the Penis.- Annular Lesions with Scars.- Annular Lesions with Surface Change.- Annular Lesions without Surface Change.- Aphthae.- Arthritis and Rash.- Atrophic Glossitis.- Atrophy.- Black Lesions.- Blaschko-esque Entities.- Blue Spots.- Blueberry Muffin Lesions, Neonate.- Breast Asymmetry.- Breast Lesions.- Bullae.- Bullae in Children.- Bullae in Children, Acral.- Bullae, Fingers and Toes.- Bullae, Giant.- Bullae, Hemorrhagic.- Bullae, Hemorrhagic, Septic.- Bullae, Neonatal.- Butterfly Rash.- Café au Lait Macules, Associations.- Cellulitis-like Lesions.- Cerebriform Lesions.- Cheilitis, Including Swollen Lips.- Clitoromegaly.- Clubbing.- Cobblestoned Oral Mucosa.- Cobblestoned Skin.- Cocaine Abuse.- Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center.- Concentric Lesions.- Conjunctivae, Hyperpigmented.- Conjunctivae, Red.- Covid-19 Rashes.- Crix Belly.- Cushingoid Appearance.- Cutaneous Horn.- Cutis Laxa-like Appearance.- Cysts.- Dermatitis.- Dermatitis of Hands or Feet.- Dermatitis of the Palms.- Dermatitis, Facial, Adult.- Dermatitis, Facial, Pediatric.- Dermatitis, Fingertips.- Dermatitis, Perianal.- Dermatitis, Periorificial, Adult.- Dermatitis, Periorificial, Pediatric.- Desquamatian (Exfolliation).- Dimples.- Dyschromatosis.- Dyshidrosifrom Lesions.- Ear Lesions.- Ear, Hard.- Ear, Red.- Ear, Swollen.- Edema.- Edema of Fingers or Toes.- Edema of the Foot.- Edema of the Hands.- Edema of the Legs.- Elbow Plaques.- Enanthem.- Erosions.- Erythroderma.- Erythroderma in Infancy.- Eschar.- Exanthem.- Exophthalmos.- Eyelid Lesions.- Eyes, Red.- Facial Asymmetry.- Facial Edema.- Facial Papules.- Facial Papules and Plaques.- Facial Plaques.- Facial Scars.- Facial Ulcer.- Facies.- Fever and Rash.- Filiform Lesions.- Fingertip Lesions.- Fingertip or Toetip Necrosis.- Fingertip or Toetip Ulcer.- Fissures.- Flagellate.- Flushing.- Foot Ulcers.- Gingival Hyperplasia.- Gingivitis.- Green Skin.- Hair Nodules (Particulate Matter).- Hair, Unruly.- Hemihypertrophy.- Herpetiform Lesions.- Hyperelastic Skin.- Hyperkeratotic Lesions.- Hyperkeratotic Lesions of Feet.- Hyperkeratotic Lesions of Hands.- Hyperpigmentation, Discrete, Annular.- Hyperpigmentation, Generalized.- Hyperpigmentation, Patchy.- Hyperpigmented Plaques.- Hypertrichosis, Generalized.- Hypertrichosis, Localized.- Hypopigmented Papules.- Hypopigmented Patches.- Ichthyosiform Eruptions.- Intertrigo.- Iris Lesions, Pigmented.- Islands of Sparing.- Knee Lesions.- Knuckle Papules.- Koilonychia.- Lacrimal Gland Enlargement.- Lentigines.- Leonine Facies.- Leukonychia.- Leukoplakia.- Linear Lesions.- Linear Lesions Over Veins or Lymphatics.- Lip Lesions.- Lip Papules.- Lip Pigmentation.- Lip Ulcer.- Livedo Reticularis With or Without Necrosis.- LymphadenopathyMacrocephaly.- Macrodactyly.- Macromano.- Marfanoid Features.- Melanoma.- Mimickers.- Melanonychia.- Micronychia and Anonychia.- Milia.- Mountain Range Lesions.- Nails.- Nails, Hyperkeratotic.- Nasal Destruction, Septal Perforation, or Ulcer.- Nasal Infiltration and/or Enlargement.- Neck Lesions.- Neck Papules.- Necrosis.- Nevi.- Nipple Dermatitis.- Nipple Lesions.- Nodules of the Elbows.- Nodules of the Foot.- Nodules of the Hands.- Nodules of the Knee.- Nodules, Juxta-articular.- Nodules, Multilobulated.- Nodules, Multiple Subcutaneous.- Nodules, Purple Plum.- Nodules, Red.- Nodules Red, of the Extremities.- Nodules, Red, of the Face.- Nodules Red, of the Hand.- Nodules, Skin Colored.- Nodules, Ulcerated.- Nodules, Vascular Appearance.- Normal Skin (Barely Perceptible Lesions).- Onycholysis.- Oral Mucosa, Red Plaques.- Oral Mucosa, Ulceration.- Oral Mucosal Pigmentation.- Oral Nodules.- Oral Vegetative Lesions.- Palmar and/or Plantar Pits and Punctate Keratoses.- Palmar Erythema.- Palmoplantar Keratoderma.- Papules and Nodules, Hyperpigmented.- Papules, Crusted.- Papules, Dirty Brown.- Papules, Flat-topped.- Papules, Follicular.- Papules,Hyperkeratotic.- Papules, Red.- Papulosquamous Eruptions.- Papulovesicles.- Paraneoplastic Disorders.- Paronychia.- Parotid Gland Enlargement.- Particulate Matter.- Peau d'Orange.- Pebbly Skin.- Pedunculated Lesions.- Penile Lesions.- Penile Ulcers.- Perianal Ulcers, Single or Multiple.- Perianal Dermatitis.- Perianal Nodules.- Periarticular Erythema.- Perifollicular Erythema.- Periorbital Edema, Erythema.- Periorbital Papules.- Photodermatitis-Seborrheic Dermatitis.- Pityriasis Rosea-like.- Plantar Nodules.- Poikilodermas, Childhood and Adulthood.- Pore.- Pruritus Without Rash.- Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum-like Changes.- Psoriasifrom Dermatitis.- Psoriasiform Plaque, Solitary or Localized.- Pterygium of the Nails.- Pterygium Unguis Inversum.- Purpura.- Purpura in the Neonate.- Purpura of the Face.- Purpura with Fever.- Pustular Eruptions.- Pustular Eruptions of Infancy.- Pustular Eruptions of the Face.- Pustular Eruptions of the Neonate.- Pustular Eruptions of the Palms and Soles.- Red Elbow.- Red Face.- Red Feet.- Red Hand.- Red Knee.- Red Leg.- Red Lunula.- Red Nose.- Red Patch.- Red Plaque.- Red Scrotum.- Redundant Skin.- Reticulated.- Reticulated Hyperpigmentation.- Rosette Lesions.- Scalp Dermatitis.- Scalp Nodules.- Scalp Ulcers.- Scalp, Red Plaques.- Scars, Lesions in Scars.- Sclerodermoid Changes.- Scrotal Edema.- Scrotal Papules and Nodules.- Scrotal Ulcers.- Serpiginous Lesions.- Short Stature.- Sinus Tracts.- Sporotrichoid Pattern.- Stellate Lesions.- Strange But True.- Striae.- Syndactyly.- Targetoid Lesions.- Tattoos.- Tattoos, Concentration Camp.- Teeth, Abnormalities.- Telangiectasias.- Tongue Hyperpigmentation.- Tongue Lesions.- Tongue Papules.- Tongue Ulcers.- Tongue, Enlarged (Macroglossia).- Tongue, Multilobulated.- Tongue, Red.- Trichomegaly.- Tumors, Giant.- Ulcers.- Ulcers of the Foot.- Ulcers of the Hand.- Ulcers of the Leg.- Umbilical Lesions.- Umbilicated Lesions.- Urticaria and Urticarial-like Lesions.- Uvula.- Vegetative Plaques.- VerrucousPlaques.- Vulvar Edema.- Vulvar Erythema.- Vulvar Hyperpigmentation.- Vulvar Hypertrophic Plaques.- Vulvar Papules and Nodules.- Vulvar Ulcers.- Wallace's Line.- White Macules or Patches.- White Papules, Nodules, or Plaques.- Xerosis.- Yellow Papules and Nodules.- Yellow Skin.- Zebra Stripes.- Zosteriform Eruptions.