Atmospheric Reactive Nitrogen in China

Dr. Xuejun Liu is a Professor at the China Agricultural University. He has been conducting studies on nitrogen (N) cycling, in particular on the source, fate and impacts on soil acidification, eutrophication and greenhouse gas emission in major Chinese croplands. He has published more than 130 peer-reviewed SCI papers in a number of leading international journals including Nature, Science and PNAS. He has established long-term cooperations with Hohenheim University (Germany), Rothamsted Research Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UK), Colorado State University and Stanford University (USA), as well as Wageningen University (NL). He has received support from China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists (2014), the national Ten-thousand Talents Program (2016) and was chosen to be the 2016 Figure of the Scientific Chinese in Environmental Science and Light Industry. His current research interests are atmospheric N deposition, PM2.5 pollution, agricultural NH3 mitigation and their impacts on food security, ecosystem and human health.    Dr. Enzai Du is an Associate Professor at the Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University. His research interests focus on biogeochemical processes in forest ecosystems and their responses to multiple global change factors, especially nitrogen deposition, climate change and air pollution. He has authored and co-authored about 40 peer-reviewed papers in international journals, many of which focus on the pattern of atmospheric nitrogen deposition and its impacts on forest ecosystems. He also serves as the coordinator of the IUFRO (International Union of Forest Research Organizations) research unit (7.01.03) on atmospheric deposition, soils and nutrient cycles. He has co-chaired several sessions at IUFRO conferences and served as a member of the international scientific advisory board of 10th International Conference on Acid Deposition. Together with IUFRO colleagues, he has recently co-edited two special issues, including one on "Forest response to environmental stress: Impacts and adaptation" (Science of the Total Environment) and the other on “Global atmospheric nitrogen deposition and forests: Status and ecological impacts” (Environmental Pollution).

​ Chapter 1 Introduction



(Prof. Xuejun Liu, China Agricultural University; Assoc. Prof. Enzai Du, Beijing Normal University)



Overview of recent progress on understanding of atmospheric reactive nitrogen emission, deposition and impacts worldwide and in China



 



Part I Reactive nitrogen emission and deposition in China



 



Chapter 2 Spatial-temporal variations in NH3, NOx and SO2 emissions



(Prof. Yu Song, Peking University & Prof. Qiang Zhang, Tsinghua University)



- Emission sources



- Method overview



- Spatial-temporal patterns



 



Chapter 3 Monitoring nitrogen deposition in China



(Prof. Xuejun Liu, China Agricultural University; Assoc. Prof. Enzai Du, Beijing Normal University; Dr. Wen Xu, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Assoc. Prof. Yuepeng Pan, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Assoc. Prof. Jianlin Shen, Chinese Academy of Sciences)



- Measurement methods of atmospheric reactive N concentration and deposition (including biomonitoring)< and uncertainties



- Development of ground-level and satellite monitoring networks



- Nitrogen deposition in mainland China (Inorganic vs organic; wet vs dry, source analysis)



- Nitrogen deposition in coastal seas (Inorganic vs organic; wet vs dry, source analysis)



- Uncertainty analysis of monitoring results



 



Chapter 4 Modelling nitrogen deposition in China





(Prof. Lin Zhang, Peking University & Prof. Xuemei Wang, Sun Yat-sen University)



 - Recent development of atmospheric deposition simulation



 - Modelling N deposition in China



 - Uncertainty analysis of N deposition simulation



 



Chapter 5 Reactive nitrogen budgets in China



(Prof. Baojing Gu, Zhejiang University)



- Background and methodology



- Flow analysis of nitrogen budgets in China



- Atmospheric reactive nitrogen in national nitrogen budget



 



Part II Contribution of atmospheric reactive nitrogen to China’s air pollution



 



Chapter 6 Contribution of atmospheric nitrogen to haze in China



(Prof. Song Guo, Peking University)



- Mechanism



- Assessment



- Mitigation measures of pollution control



 



Chapter 7 Contribution of atmospheric nitrogen on ozone pollution in China



(Prof. Zhaozhong Feng, Chinese Academy of Sciences)



- Mechanism



- Assessment



- Mitigation measures of pollution control



 



Chapter 8 Contribution of atmospheric nitrogen to acid rain in China



(Prof. Lei Duan, Tsinghua University & Assoc. Prof. Enzai Du, Beijing Normal University)



- Mechanism



- Assessment: contribution to acid deposition and soil acidification



- Mitigation measures of pollution control



 



Part III Impacts of nitrogen deposition on China’s ecosystems



 





Chapter 9 Impact of nitrogen deposition on China’s forest ecosystems



(Assoc. Prof. Enzai Du, Beijing Normal University & Assoc. Prof. Xiankai Lu, Chinese Academy of Sciences)



-Overview of nitrogen enrichment experiments in China’s forests



- Impacts on nutrient cycling



- Impacts on soil acidification



- Impacts on carbon cycling



- Impacts on biodiversity loss



 



Chapter 10 Impact of nitrogen deposition on China’s grassland ecosystems



(Prof. Jinsheng He, Peking University & Assoc. Prof. Li Kaihui, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, CAS)



- Overview of nitrogen enrichment experiments in China’s grassland



- Impacts on nutrient cycling



- Impacts on carbon cycling



- Impacts on biodiversity loss



 



Chapter 11 Impact of nitrogen deposition on China’s desert ecosystems



(Assoc. Prof. Xiaobing Zhou, Chinese Academy of Sciences)



- Impacts on nutrient cycling



- Impacts on carbon cycling



- Impacts on biodiversity loss



 



Chapter 12 Impact of nitrogen deposition on cropland ecosystems



(Prof. Xuejun Liu & Fusuo Zhang, China Agricultural University)



- Impacts on nutrient cycling



- Impacts on soil acidification



- Impacts on crop productivity



 



Chapter 13 Impact of nitrogen deposition on marine ecosystems



(Prof. Huiwang Gao, Ocean University of China)



- eutrophication,



- nutrient and carbon cycling



- species biodiversity



 



Part IV Management and policy implications



 



Chapter 14 National regulation of NOx and SO2 emissions



 (Prof. Zhao Yu, Nanjing University)



- Overview of NOx and SO2 emissions in China



- Methods to reduce NOx and SO2 emissions



- Policy implications



 



Chapter 15 Nitrogen regulation in agricultural systems



(Prof. Xuejun Liu & Fusuo Zhang, China Agricultural University)



- Overview of nitrogen use in China’s agricultural systems



- Methods to improve nitrogen use efficiency in China’s agricultural systems



- Policy implications



 



Chapter 16 Risk management and adaptations in natural ecosystems



 (Prof. Lei Duan, Tsinghua University)



- Overview of negative effects of nitrogen deposition on China’s natural ecosystems



- Methods of critical loads



- Assessment of critical loads in China’s natural ecosystems



- Policy implications



 



Chapter 17 Concluding remarks and outlook of future research



(Prof. Xuejun Liu, China Agricultural University & Assoc. Prof. Enzai Du, Beijing Normal University)



- Future research needs in emission assessment



- Future research needs in deposition assessment



- Future research needs in air pollution effects



- Future research needs in ecological impacts



- Concluding remarks