Pediatric Sedation Outside of the Operating Room

Keira P. Mason, MD Department of Anesthesia Harvard Medical School Children's Hospital Boston Boston, MA USA

Part I. Pediatric Sedation Outside the Operating Room.- 1. The History of Sedation.- 2. Sedation Policies, Recommendations and Guidelines Across the Specialties and Continents.- 3. Procedural Sedation: Let's Review the Basics.- 4. The Pre-Sedation Assessment and Implications on Management.- 5. Sedation Scales and Discharge Criteria: How Do They Differ? Which One to Choose? Do They Really Apply to Sedation?.- 6. Physiological Monitoring for Procedural Sedation: The Routine and Beyond.- 7. The Pediatric Airway: Anatomy, Challenges and Solutions.- 8. Pediatric Physiology: How Does It Differ from Adults?.- 9. The Pharmacology and Clinical Application of Sedatives, Analgesics, and Adjuncts.- 10. Sedatives: Effects on Memory and Amnesia.- 11. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in the Pediatric Population.- 12. Billing and Reimbursement for Sedation Services in the United States.- Part II. Sedation Models Delivered by Different Specialties: A Global Voyage.- 13. The Pediatric Hospital Medicine Service: Models, Protocols and Challenges.- 14. The Anesthesia Directed Sedation Service: Models, Protocols and Challenges.- 15. Sedation in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: International Practice.- 16. Sedation in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: Challenges, Outcomes and Future Strategies in the United States.- 17. Sedation in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: Current Practice in Europe.- 18. Sedation for Pediatric Gastrointestinal Procedures.- 19. Sedation in the Emergency Department: A Complex and Multifactorial Challenge.- 20. Sedation of Pediatric Patients for Dental Procedures: The United States, European and South American Experience.- 21. Pediatric Sedation: The European Experience and Approach.- 22. Pediatric Sedation: The South American Approach.- 23. Pediatric Sedation: The Asian Approach - Current State of Sedation in China.- 24. Pediatric Sedation: The South Pacific Approach.- 25. Pediatric Sedation in the Underdeveloped Third World - An African Perspective: Models, Protocols and Challenges.- Part III. Safety in Sedation.- 26. Pediatric Sedatives and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA): Challenges, Limitations and Drugs in Development.- 27. Is there Evidence for Long-term Neurocognitive Effects of Sedatives?.- 28. Incidence and Stratification of Adverse Events Associated with Sedation: Is there a Benchmark?.- 29. Medicolegal Risks and Outcomes of Sedation.- 30. Improving the Safety of Pediatric Sedation - Human Error, Technology and Clinical Microsystems.- Part IV. Sedation into the 22nd Century.- 31. Intravenous Infusions for Sedation: Rationale, State of the Art and Future Trends.- 32. Usage of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Pediatric Sedation.- 33. Pediatric Research: Designing, Implementing, and Interpreting Strong Trials.- 34. Non-pharmacological Distraction Techniques as Sedation Adjunct.- 35. The Role of Simulation in Safety and Training.- 36. Michael Jackson: Medical Ethics and What Went Wrong.- 37. Ethics and Clinical Aspects of Palliative Sedation in the Terminally Ill Child.- 38. Future of Pediatric Sedation.