Basic Guide to Dental Sedation Nursing

NICOLA ROGERS is a Dental Nurse Tutor for Pre and Post Registration Qualification Training at Bristol Dental Hospital in Bristol, UK. She is a GDC Registered Dental Nurse; has a NEBDN National Certificate in Dental Nursing, Certificate in Dental Sedation Nursing, Oral Health and Dental Radiography; Tutor of the Year 2010 (DDU Educational Awards); and Co-Author of Basic Guide to Maxillofacial Surgery and Post Registration Qualifications Questions and Answers.

How to Use This Book ix

Acknowledgements xi

1 Introduction 1

Definition of conscious sedation 2

Why dental sedation is provided 2

Reference 5

2 Medico‐legal aspects of dental sedation 7

Introduction 7

Recommendations currently in place when providing dental sedation 7

Medico‐legal considerations when providing dental sedation 14

References 22

3 Role of the dental nurse and equipment 23

Introduction 23

General role of the dental nurse 24

Intravenous sedation 25

Inhalation sedation 43

Oral sedation and pre‐medication 46

Transmucosal (off‐licence) sedation 48

Clinical monitoring and equipment used 49

References 64

4 Patient selection 65

Introduction 65

The assessment appointment 65

Medical history 66

Physical examination 67

Dental history 69

Social history 69

Conclusion 70

Reference 70

5 Types of sedation 71

Introduction 71

Pharmacology 72

Intravenous sedation 72

Transmucosal (off‐licence) sedation 84

Inhalation sedation 86

Oral sedation and pre‐medication 111

Reference 115

6 Medical emergencies 117

Introduction 117

Minimising the likelihood of medical emergencies 118

Legal aspects of medical emergencies 119

Dealing with medical emergencies 119

Common medical emergencies 125

Airway control and ventilation 144

References 156

7 Essential anatomy 157

Introduction 157

Blood 157

Heart 160

Respiratory system 163

Dorsum of the hand and antecubital fossa 172

References 175

Index 177