The History of Cardiothoracic Surgery: From Early Times

Development of Surgery from Early Times. Pioneers in the Emergence of Thoracic Surgery as a Specialty. Examination and Investigation of the Chest. Development of Electrocardiography, Cardiac Catheterization, and Angiocardiography. Discovery of theCirculation of the Blood. Blood Transfusion and Bloodletting. Development of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Development of Thoracic Anesthesia. Diagnosis and Treatment of Empyema. Treatment of Lung Abscess. Surgical Treatment of Tuberculosis; ofBronchiectasis. Management of Fractured Ribs and Wounds of the Chest. Evolution of the Technique of Lung Resection. Development of Lung Resection Techniques and Tracheal and Bronchial Reconstruction. Benign Stricture of the Esophagus. Resection andIntubation for Carcinoma of the Esophagus. Spontaneous Rupture of the Esophagus. Phryngoesophageal Diverticulum. Achalasia of the Esophagus. Congenital Abnormalities of the Esophagus. The Thymus and Myasthenia Gravis. The Diaphragm-Congenital, Acquiredand Traumatic Hernia. Major Pulmonary Embolism. Intrathoracic Aneurysms. Injuries of the Heart. Surgery of the Pericardium. Congenital Heart Disease. Acquired Heart Disease. Name Index. Subject Index.