Fate and Effects of Anticancer Drugs in the Environment

Ester Heath, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia

PART I - PRIORITISATION AND PREDICTED ENV. CONCENTRATIONS.- 1. Approaches for hazard assessment screening, ranking and prioritization of cytostatic compounds.- 2. Predicted Environmental Concentrations: a useful tool to evaluate the presence of cytostatics in surface waters.- PART 2 - ENVIRONMENT / WASTEWATER TREATMENT.- 3. Hospitals and pharmacies as sources of contamination by cytostatic pharmaceuticals: long term monitoring in the Czech Republic.- 4. Tamoxifen: Occurrence, fate, transformation products and non-conventional treatment technologies.- 5. Chlorination by-products of anticancer drugs.- 6. Cytostatic drug residues in wastewater treatment plants: Sources, Removal efficiencies and current Challenges.- 7. Degradation and elimination of anticancer drugs by water and wastewater treatment - toxicity and biodegradability before and after the treatment.- 8. Analytical Methodologies for the Determination of Cytostatic Compounds in Environmental Matrices.- 9. Cytostatic drugsremoval from water and wastewater: progress in development of advanced treatment methods.- 10. Occurrence of cytostatics in different water compartments.- 11. Photodegradation of cytostatic drugs in low-pressure UV photoreactor through direct and indirect pathways.- 12. Analysis, Occurrence and Fate of Cyclophosphamide and Ifosfamide in Aqueous Environment.- PART 3 - ENVIRONMENT / WASTEWATER TREATMENT and EFFECTS.- 13. Fate and effects of cytostatic pharmaceuticals in the marine environment.- 14. 5-fluorouracil and its prodrug Capecitabine: Occurence, Fate and Effects in the Environment.- PART 4 - TOXICITY (EFFECTS).- 15. Toxicity of anticancer drug residues in organisms of the freshwater aquatic chain.- 16. Genotoxicity of the residues anticancer drugs: a hazard for aquatic environment.- 17. Toxicity of antineoplastic drug mixtures.- 18. Enviromental metabolomics: a powerful tool to investigate biochemical responses to drugs in non-target organisms.