Family Practice Guidelines, Fourth Edition (eBook)

Contents

Contributors

Reviewers for the Third and Fourth Editions

Preface

Share Family Practice Guidelines, Fourth Edition

I. GUIDELINES

1. Health Maintenance Guidelines

Cultural Diversity and Sensitivity

Health Maintenance During the Life Span

Pediatric Well-Child Evaluation

Anticipatory Guidance by Age

Nutrition

Exercise

Planning an Exercise Program

Patient Education Before Exercise

Other Collaborating Providers

Adult Risk Assessment Form

Adult Preventive Health Care

Immunizations

Immunizations for Travel

Immunization Links: 2016

Beers Criteria for Medication Use in Older Adults

2. Public Health Guidelines

Homelessness

Obesity

Post—Bariatric Surgery Long-Term Follow-Up

Substance Use Disorders

Violence

Children

Intimate Partner Violence

Older Adults

3. Pain Management Guidelines

Acute Pain

Chronic Pain

Lower Back Pain

4. Dermatology Guidelines

Acne Rosacea

Acne Vulgaris

Animal Bites, Mammalian

Benign Skin Lesions

Candidiasis

Contact Dermatitis

Eczema or Atopic Dermatitis

Erythema Multiforme

Folliculitis

Hand, Foot, and Mouth Syndrome

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

Herpes Zoster or Shingles

Impetigo

Insect Bites and Stings

Lice (Pediculosis)

Lichen Planus

Pityriasis Rosea

Precancerous or Cancerous Skin Lesions

Psoriasis

Scabies

Seborrheic Dermatitis

Tinea Corporis (Ringworm)

Tinea Versicolor

Warts

Wound Care

Lower Extremity Ulcer

Pressure Ulcers

Wounds of the Skin

Xerosis (Winter Itch)

5. Eye Guidelines

Amblyopia

Blepharitis

Cataracts

Chalazion

Conjunctivitis

Corneal Abrasion

Dacryocystitis

Dry Eyes

Excessive Tears

Eye Pain

Glaucoma, Acute Angle-Closure

Hordeolum (Stye)

Strabismus

Subconjunctival Hemorrhage

Uveitis

6. Ear Guidelines

Acute Otitis Media

Cerumen Impaction (Earwax)

Hearing Loss

Otitis Externa

Otitis Media With Effusion

Tinnitus

7. Nasal Guidelines

Allergic Rhinitis

Epistaxis

Nonallergic Rhinitis

Sinusitis

8. Throat and Mouth Guidelines

Avulsed Tooth

Dental Abscess

Epiglottitis

Oral Cancer

Pharyngitis

Stomatitis, Minor Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis

Thrush

9. Respiratory Guidelines

Asthma

Bronchiolitis: Child

Bronchitis, Acute

Bronchitis, Chronic

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Common Cold/Upper Respiratory Infection

Cough

Croup, Viral

Emphysema

Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Pneumonia (Bacterial)

Pneumonia (Viral)

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis

Shortness of Breath

Tuberculosis

10. Cardiovascular Guidelines

Acute Myocardial Infarction

Arrhythmias

Atherosclerosis and Hyperlipidemia

Atrial Fibrillation

Chest Pain

Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Varicose Veins

Deep Vein Thrombosis

Heart Failure

Hypertension

Lymphedema

Murmurs

Palpitations

Peripheral Arterial Disease

Superficial Thrombophlebitis

Syncope

11. Gastrointestinal Guidelines

Abdominal Pain

Appendicitis

Celiac Disease

Cholecystitis

Colic

Colorectal Cancer Screening

Constipation

Crohn’s Disease

Cyclosporiasis

Diarrhea

Diverticulosis and Diverticulitis

Elevated Liver Enzymes

Gastroenteritis, Bacterial and Viral

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Giardiasis intestinalis

Hemorrhoids

Hepatitis A

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis C

Hernias, Abdominal

Hernias, Pelvic

Hirschprung’s Disease or Congenital Aganglionic Megacolon

Hookworm

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Jaundice

Malabsorption

Nausea and Vomiting

Peptic Ulcer Disease

Pinworm

Roundworm

Ulcerative Colitis

12. Genitourinary Guidelines

Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy

Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults

Epididymitis

Hematuria

Hydrocele

Interstitial Cystitis

Prostatitis

Proteinuria

Pyelonephritis

Renal Calculi or Kidney Stones (Nephrolithiasis)

Sexual Dysfunction Male

Erectile Dysfunction

Premature Ejaculation

Testicular Torsion

Undescended Testes or Cryptorchidism

Urinary Incontinence

Urinary Tract Infection (Acute Cystitis)

Varicocele

13. Obstetrics Guidelines

ANTEPARTUM

Preconception Counseling: Identifying Patients at Risk

Routine Prenatal Care

Anemia, Iron Deficiency

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Preeclampsia

Preterm Labor

Pyelonephritis in Pregnancy

Vaginal Bleeding: First Trimester

Vaginal Bleeding: Second and Third Trimesters

POSTPARTUM

Breast Engorgement

Endometritis

Secondary Postpartum Hemorrhage

Mastitis

Postpartum Care: 6 Weeks Postpartum Examination

Postpartum Depression

Wound Infection

14. Gynecologic Guidelines

Amenorrhea

Atrophic Vaginitis

Bacterial Vaginosis (or Gardnerella)

Bartholin’s Cyst or Abscess

Breast Pain

Cervicitis

Contraception

Dysmenorrhea

Dyspareunia

Emergency Contraception

Endometriosis

Female Sexual Dysfunction

Infertility

Menopause

Pap Smear Screening Guidelines and Interpretation

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

Vulvovaginal Candidiasis

15. Sexually Transmitted Infections Guidelines

Chlamydia

Gonorrhea

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2

Human Papillomavirus

Syphilis

Trichomoniasis

16. Infectious Disease Guidelines

Cat Scratch Disease

Cytomegalovirus

Encephalitis

H1N1 Influenza A (Swine Flu)

Influenza (Flu)

Kawasaki Disease

Lyme Disease

Meningitis

Mononucleosis (Epstein—Barr)

Mumps

Parvovirus B19 (Fifth Disease, Erythema Infectiosum)

Rheumatic Fever

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Roseola (Exanthem Subitum)

Rubella (German Measles)

Rubeola (Red Measles)

Scarlet Fever (Scarlatina)

Toxoplasmosis

Varicella (Chickenpox)

West Nile Virus

Zika Virus Infection

17. Systemic Disorders Guidelines

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (Systemic Exertion Intolerance Syndrome)

Fevers of Unknown Origin

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Idiopathic (Autoimmune) Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Iron-Deficiency Anemia (Microcytic, Hypochromic)

Lymphadenopathy

Pernicious Anemia (Megaloblastic Anemia)

18. Musculoskeletal Guidelines

Neck and Upper Back Disorders

Plantar Fasciitis

Sciatica

Sprains: Ankle and Knee

19. Neurologic Guidelines

Alzheimer’s Disease

Bell’s Palsy

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Dementia

Guillain—Barré Syndrome

Headache

Migraine Headache

Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Multiple Sclerosis

Myasthenia Gravis

Parkinson’s Disease

Restless Legs Syndrome

Seizures

Seizure, Febrile (Child)

Transient Ischemic Attack

Vertigo

20. Endocrine Guidelines

Addison’s Disease

Cushing’s Syndrome

Diabetes Mellitus

Galactorrhea

Gynecomastia

Hirsutism

Hypogonadism

Metabolic Syndrome/Insulin Resistance Syndrome

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Thyroid Disease: Hyperthyroidism

Thyroid Disease: Hypothyroidism

Thyrotoxicosis/Thryoid Storm

21. Rheumatological Guidelines

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Fibromyalgia

Gout

Osteoarthritis

Osteoporosis/Kyphosis/Fracture

Polymyalgia Rheumatica

Pseudogout

Psoriatic Arthritis

Raynaud’s Phenomenom

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Temporal Arteritis/Giant Cell Arteritis

Vitamin D Deficiency

22. Psychiatric Guidelines

Anxiety

Attention-Deficit Disorder/Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Bipolar Disorder

Depression

Failure to Thrive

Grief

Sleep Disorders

Suicide

23. Assessment Guide for Sport Participation

Canalith Repositioning (Epley) Procedure for Vertigo

Cervical Evaluation During Pregnancy: Bimanual Examination

Clock-Draw Test

Cystometry

Cystometry: Bedside

Foreign Body Removal From the Nose

Hernia Reduction (Inguinal/Groin)

Intrauterine Device Insertion

Neurologic Examination

Nonstress Test

Oral Airway Insertion

Pap Smear and Maturation Index Procedure

Pregnancy: Estimating Date of Delivery

Prostatic Massage Technique: 2-Glass Test

Rectal Prolapse Reduction

Sprain Evaluation

Tick Removal

Trichloroacetic Acid/Podophyllin Therapy

Wet Mount/Cervical Cultures Procedure

Abdominal Pain: Adults

Abdominal Pain: Children

Acne Rosacea

Acne Vulgaris

Acute Otitis Media

Addison’s Disease

ADHD: Coping Strategies for Teens and Adults

ADHD: Tips for Caregivers of a Child With ADHD

Adolescent Nutrition

Alcohol and Drug Dependence

Allergic Rhinitis

Amenorrhea

Ankle Exercises

Aphthous Stomatitis

Asthma

Asthma: Action Plan and Peak Flow Monitoring

Asthma: How to Use a Metered-Dose Inhaler

Atherosclerosis and Hyperlipidemia

Atrial Fibrillation

Atrophic Vaginitis

Back Stretches

Bacterial Pneumonia: Adult

Bacterial Pneumonia: Child

Bacterial Vaginosis

Basal Body Temperature Measurement

Bell’s Palsy

Bipolar Disorder

Bronchiolitis: Child

Bronchitis, Acute

Bronchitis, Chronic

Cerumen Impaction (Earwax)

Cervicitis

Chickenpox (Varicella)

Childhood Nutrition

Chlamydia

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Chronic Pain

Chronic Venous Insufficiency

Colic: Ways to Soothe a Fussy Baby

Common Cold

Conjunctivitis

Constipation Relief

Contraception: How to Take Birth Control Pills (for a 28-Day Cycle)

Cough

Crohn’s Disease

Croup, Viral

Cushing’s Syndrome

Deep Vein Thrombosis

Dementia

Dermatitis

Diabetes

Diarrhea

Dysmenorrhea (Painful Menstrual Cramps or Periods)

Dyspareunia (Pain With Intercourse)

Eczema

Emergency Contraception—Levonogestrel

Emergency Contraception—Ulipristal Acetate

Emphysema

Endometritis

Epididymitis

Erythema Multiforme

Exercise

Eye Medication Administration

Febrile Seizures (Child)

Fibrocystic Breast Changes and Breast Pain

Fibromyalgia

Folliculitis

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Gestational Diabetes

Gonorrhea

Gout

Grief

Head Injury: Mild

Hemorrhoids

Herpes Simplex Virus

Herpes Zoster, or Shingles

HIV/AIDS: Resources for Patients

Human Papillomavirus

Infant Nutrition

Influenza (Flu)

Insect Bites and Stings

Insulin Therapy During Pregnancy

Iron-Deficiency Anemia (Pregnancy)

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Jaundice and Hepatitis

Kidney Disease: Chronic

Knee Exercises

Lactose Intolerance and Malabsorption

Lice (Pediculosis)

Lichen Planus

Lyme Disease and Removal of a Tick

Lymphedema

Mastitis

Menopause

Migraine Headache

Mononucleosis

Myasthenia Gravis

Nicotine Dependence

Nosebleeds

Oral Thrush in Children

Osteoarthritis

Osteoporosis

Otitis Externa

Otitis Media With Effusion

Parkinson’s Disease Management

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Peripheral Arterial Disease

Pernicious Anemia

Pharyngitis

Pityriasis Rosea

Pneumonia, Viral: Adult

Pneumonia, Viral: Child

Polymyalgia Rheumatica

Postpartum: Breast Engorgement and Sore Nipples

Premenstrual Syndrome

Preterm Labor

Prostatic Hypertrophy/Benign

Prostatitis

Pseudogout

Psoriasis

Respiratory Syncytial Virus

RICE Therapy and Exercise Therapy

Ringworm (Tinea)

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever and Removal of a Tick

Roundworms and Pinworms

Scabies

Seborrheic Dermatitis

Shortness of Breath

Sinusitis

Skin Care Assessment

Sleep Apnea

Sleep Disorders/Insomnia

Superficial Thrombophlebitis

Syphilis

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Testicular Self-Examination

Tinea Versicolor

Tinnitus

Toxoplasmosis

Transient Ischemic Attack

Trichomoniasis

Trigeminal Neuralgia

Ulcer Management

Urinary Incontinence: Women

Urinary Tract Infection (Acute Cystitis)

Urinary Tract Infection During Pregnancy: Pyelonephritis

Vaginal Bleeding: First Trimester

Vaginal Bleeding: Second and Third Trimesters

Vaginal Yeast Infection

Varicose Veins

Warts

Wound Care: Lower Extremity Ulcers

Wound Care: Pressure Ulcers

Wound Care: Wounds

Wound Infection: Episiotomy and Cesarean Section

Xerosis (Winter Itch)

Zika Virus Infection

Appendices

Appendix A. Normal Laboratory Values

Appendix B: Diet Recommendations

Bland Diet

DASH Diet: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension

Foods to Avoid While Taking Warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven)

Gluten-Free Diet

High-Fiber Diet

Lactose-Intolerance Diet

Low-Fat/Low-Cholesterol Diet

Nausea and Vomiting Diet Suggestions (Children and Adults)

Vitamin D and Calcium Handout

Appendix C: Tanner’s Sexual Maturity Stages

Appendix D: Teeth

Index

Contributors

Foreword Marilyn H. Oermann, PhD, RN, ANEF, FAAN

Preface

Acknowledgments

1. Introducing the CNE Exam and Its Blueprint

Brenda Reap-Thompson

Learning Outcomes

Why Become a CNE?

Reach for Academic Excellence, Become a CNE

Preparing for the CNE Examination

Nuts and Bolts of the CNE Examination

Tips for Success

Utilize Learning Strategies

Evidence-Based Teaching Practice

How to Renew Your Certification After 5 Years

Case Studies

2. Facilitating Learning in the Classroom Setting

Ruth A. Wittmann-Price

Learning Outcomes

Educational Philosophies

Critical Thinking

Learning Theories

Theory of Meaningful Learning

Models Specific to Nursing

Deep, Surface, and Strategic Learning

Motivational Theories

Teaching Styles and Effectiveness

Faculty Incivility

Learning Outcomes Versus Learning Objectives

Developing a Lesson Plan

Critical Thinking and Metacognition

Evidence-Based Teaching Practice

Classroom Management

Closing and Not Just “Ending” a Course

Case Studies

Practice Questions

3. Teaching and Learning Strategies

Karen K. Gittings and Ruth A. Wittmann-Price

Learning Outcomes

Teaching Strategies and Learning Activities

Passive and Active Learning

Lecture

PowerPoint

Flipped Classrooms

Case Studies

Practice Questions

4. Educational Technology

Frances H. Cornelius and Linda Wilson

Learning Outcomes

Technology in the Learning Environment

Informatics in the Learning Environment

Mobile Learning

E-Books

Case Studies

Practice Questions

5. Online Learning

Frances H. Cornelius and Linda Wilson

Learning Outcomes

Online Teaching Versus Traditional Classroom Teaching

Benchmarks and Quality Measures for Online Teaching

Role of Nurse Educators

Communication

Benefits of the Online Learning Environment

Copyright Law and Fair Use in Online Learning Environments

Learner Assessment in the Online Learning Environment

Summary

Case Studies

Practice Questions

6. Skills Laboratory Learning

Carol Okupniak and M. Annie Muller

Learning Outcomes

Learning in the Laboratory

Skills Laboratory Learning Activities

Equipment Needed to Ensure Learning Outcomes

Laboratory Attire, Appearance, and Behavior

Evaluation and Remediation

Integrating Research in the Skills Laboratory

Nursing Skills Laboratory Management

Case Studies

Practice Questions

7. Facilitating Learning in the Clinical Setting

Marylou K. McHugh and Tracy P. George

Learning Outcomes

Selecting Appropriate CLEs Throughout the Curriculum

Choosing and Evaluating the CLE

Attributes of Clinical Educators

Part-Time Clinical Educators

Precepting

Dedicated Educational Units

Learning Activities for the Clinical Setting

Making Learner Assignments

Legal Considerations of Clinical Education

Pre- and Postclinical Conferences

Reflective Techniques as Part of the Clinical Postconference

The Affective Domain in Clinical Practice

Strategies for Evaluating Learning in the Clinical Area

The Clinical Evaluation Process

Strategies for Dealing With Unsafe or Unsatisfactory Learner Behavior

Fostering Diversity in CLE

Case Study

Practice Questions

8. Learning With Simulation

Linda Wilson and Dorie Weaver

Learning Outcomes

Types of Simulation

Simulation Case Development

Simulation Evaluation

Feedback

Debriefing

Simulation Certifications

Case Study

Practice Questions

9. Facilitating Learner Development and Socialization

Maryann Godshall

Learning Outcomes

Assessing Readiness to Learn

Individual Learning Styles

Other Learning Styles

Adult Learners

Culturally Diverse Learners

Learning Disabilities

Learner Socialization

Addressing Incivility

Incivility and Bullying in the Workplace

Prevention Is Key

Case Studies

Practice Questions

10. Facilitating Learner Development Through Service Learning Experiences

Frances H. Cornelius, Maryann Godshall, and Ruth A. Wittmann-Price

Learning Outcomes

Characteristics of Service Learning

Studying Abroad

Student Exchange Programs

Building Intercultural Competence

The Global Classroom

Faculty and Institutional Roles in International SL

Faculty and Learner Safety in SL International Situations

Case Study

Practice Questions

11. Using Assessment and Evaluation Strategies

Rosemary Fliszar

Learning Outcomes

Definitions

The Evaluation/Assessment Process

Planning the Test

Collaborative Testing/Evaluation

Role of Standardized Testing in the Curriculum

Outcome Evaluation

Case Studies

Practice Questions

12. Curriculum Design and Evaluation of Program Outcomes

Marylou K. McHugh

Learning Outcomes

Leading the Program

Responsibilities of Faculty in Curriculum Development

Theoretical and Conceptual Frameworks

Deconstructed, Conceptual, or Emancipator Curriculum Models

Multiculturalism in Nursing Education

Violence in the Nursing Curriculum

Interprofessional Curriculum

Program Goals, Objectives, and Outcomes

Level Objectives

Baccalaureate Outcomes of the AACN and NLN

Changing or Revising the Curriculum

Change Theories

Planning Learning Within the Curriculum

Case Studies

Practice Questions

13. Pursuing Continuous Quality Improvement in the Academic Nurse Educator Role

Linda Wilson and Frances H. Cornelius

Learning Outcomes

Socialization to the Educator Role

Mentor and Support Faculty Colleagues

Membership in Professional Organizations

Active Participation in Professional Organizations

Commitment to Lifelong Learning/Faculty Development

Participation in Professional Opportunities to Enhance Ongoing Development

Case Study

Practice Questions

14. Functioning as a Change Agent and Leader

Frances H. Cornelius

Learning Outcomes

The Nurse Educator’s Role as a Leader and Change Agent

Skills and Attributes of a Leader

Evaluating Organizational Effectiveness

Establishing a Culture of Change

The Process of Change

Cultural Sensitivity When Advocating for Change

Political Action

Case Studies

Practice Questions

15. Engaging in the Scholarship of Teaching

Diane M. Billings

Learning Outcomes

Scholarship in Nursing and Nursing Education

The Scholar’s Role

Boyer’s Model of Scholarship

The Use of Boyer’s Model

Scholarly Teaching, Scholarship of Teaching, SoTL, and Being a Scholar

Developing a Spirit of Inquiry About Teaching, Learning, and Evaluation

The Science of Nursing Education

Developing the Science of Nursing Education

Demonstrating Integrity as a Scholar

Funding the Science of Nursing Education

Evidence-Based Teaching Practice

Summary

Case Studies

Practice Questions

16. Functioning Effectively Within the Institutional Environment and Academic Community

Mary Ellen Smith Glasgow

Learning Outcomes

Internal and External Forces Influencing Nursing and Higher Education

The Academic Setting

Academic Responsibilities

Appointment, Promotion, and Tenure

Career Development for Nurse Educators

Case Study

Practice Questions

17. Comprehensive Exam and Answer Rationales

18. Answers to End-of-Chapter Practice Questions

Index