Handbook of Clinical Nursing: Critical and Emergency Care Nursing

Joyce J. Fitzpatrick, PhD, MBA, RN, FAAN, is Elizabeth Brooks Ford Professor of Nursing, Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, where she was Dean from 1982 through 1997. She is also Professor, Department of Geriatrics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY. In 1990, Dr. Fitzpatrick received an honorary doctorate, Doctor of Humane Letters, from her alma mater, Georgetown University. In 2011 she received an honorary doctorate, Doctor of Humane Letters, from the Frontier University of Nursing. She has received numerous honors and awards; she was elected a Fellow in the American Academy of Nursing in 1981 and a Fellow in the National Academies of Practice in 1996. She received the American Journal of Nursing Book of the Year Award 18 times. Dr. Fitzpatrick is widely published in nursing and health care literature with over 300 publications. She served as co-editor of the Annual Review of Nursing Research series, vols. 1-26; she edits the journals Applied Nursing Research, Archives in Psychiatric Nursing, and Nursing Education Perspectives, the official journal of the National League for Nursing. She edited three editions of the classic Encyclopedia of Nursing Research (ENR), and a series of nursing research digests Celeste M. Alfes, DNP, MSN, MBA, RN, CNE, CHSE-A, FAAN, is professor and assistant dean of academic affairs at the Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) in Cleveland, Ohio. She earned a BSN (University of Akron), a MSN (University of Akron), a DNP (CWRU), and an MBA from CWRU. Dr. Alfes has 33 years of experience as a nurse educator and has made significant contributions pioneering simulation training including the development of North America's first high-fidelity helicopter simulator adapted for flight nurse training. Dr. Alfes is a fellow in the American Academy of Nursing; a Fulbright Specialist at the University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy; an Inaugural Coldiron Fellow, Marian K. Shaughnessy Nurse Leadership Academy (MKSNLA), American Organization for Nursing Leadership, American Nurses Association, and Healthcare Financial Management Association; a member of the MKSNLA Founders Circle; a recent visiting professor at the University of L'Aquila, Italy, and Aichi Medical University, Japan; and a National League for Nursing simulation leader and consultant. Dr. Alfes is a reviewer for the National Science Foundation and a regular contributor to the journals Nurse Leader, Nursing Education Perspectives, and Clinical Simulation in Nursing. Dr. Alfes has published several books with Springer Publishing Company including Clinical Simulations for the Advanced Practice Nurse (2020), Strategies for Teaching Nursing (2020), and the Guide to Mastery in Clinical Nursing (2019) series. Ronald L. Hickman, Jr., PhD, RN, ACNP-BC, FNAP, FAAN, is an associate professor and a board-certified acute care nurse practitioner at Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) in Cleveland, Ohio.

Contents


Contributors


Preface


Share Handbook of Clinical Nursing: Critical and Emergency Care Nursing


Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm


Vicki A. Keough


Abdominal Pain


Christopher J. Contino


Acid–Base Imbalances


Michael D. Gooch


Acute Abdomen


Susanna Rudy


Acute Coronary Syndrome


Andrea Efre


Acute Exacerbation of a Chronic Condition


Brenda L. Douglass


Acute Pancreatitis in Adults


Virginia Mangolds


Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome


Kathleen C. Ashton


Acute Respiratory Failure


Breanna Hetland


Adrenal Insufficiency


Rachel K. Vanek


Back Pain


Sharon R. Rainer


Burns


Margaret Jean Carman


Burns: Classification and Severity


Melanie Gibbons Hallman and Lamon Norton


Chest Pain


Sharon R. Rainer


Child Abuse and Neglect


Patricia M. Speck, Pamela Harris Bryant, Tedra S. Smith, Sherita K. Etheridge, and Steadman McPeters


Clostridium difficile Infection


Anita Sundaresh


Continuous Veno-Venous Hemofiltration


Ian N. Saludares


Definitions of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing


Nicole M. Hartman and Courtney Vose


Dental Emergencies


Melanie Gibbons Hallman and Lamon Norton


Disaster Response


Darlie Simerson


Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation


Joyce E. Higgins


Domestic Violence


Patricia M. Speck, Diana K. Faugno, Rachell A. Ekroos, Melanie Gibbons Hallman, Gwendolyn D. Childs, Tedra S. Smith, and Stacey A. Mitchell


Ear, Nose, and Throat Emergencies


Kathleen Bradbury-Golas


Elder Abuse and Neglect


Patricia M. Speck, Richard Taylor, Stacey A. Mitchell, Diana K. Faugno, and Rita A. Jablonski-Jaudon


Encephalopathy


Deborah Vinesky


Endocrine Emergencies


Diane Fuller Switzer


Environmental Emergencies


Brittany Newberry


Extracorporeal Life Support


Grant Pignatiello, Katherine Hornack, and Julie E. Herzog


Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances


Michael D. Gooch


Fluid Resuscitation


Laura Stark Bai


Heart Transplantation


S. Brian Widmar


Hepatic Failure


Leon Chen and Fidelindo Lim


Hepatitis


Ramona A. Sowers and Linda Carson


Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia


Laura Stark Bai


Hypertensive Crisis and Hypertension


Kathleen Bradbury-Golas


Hypothermia


Marian Nowak


Integumentary Emergencies


Susanna Rudy


Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump


Grant Pignatiello


Mental and Behavioral Health Emergencies


Lia V. Ludan


Neurotrauma


Anita Sundaresh


Obstetrical and Gynecological Emergency Care


Vicki Bacidore


Ophthalmic Emergencies


Shannon M. Litten


Orthopedic Emergencies in Adults


Cindy D. Kumar


Pediatric Emergencies


Rachel Tkaczyk


Psychiatric Disorders: Suicide, Homicide, Psychosis


George Byron Peraza-Smith and Yolanda Bone


Respiratory Emergencies


Dustin Spencer


Return of Spontaneous Circulation With Hypothermia Initiation


Laura Stark Bai


Seizures


Eric Roberts


Sepsis


Ronald L. Hickman, Jr.


Sexual Assault


Patricia M. Speck, Diana K. Faugno, Rachell A. Ekroos, Melanie Gibbons Hallman, Sallie J. Shipman, Martha B. Dodd, Qiana A. Johnson, and Stacey A. Mitchell


Shock and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome


Jennifer Wilbeck


Solid Organ Transplantation


Marcia Johansson


Spinal Cord Injury


Lamon Norton and Melanie Gibbons Hallman


Substance Use Disorders and Toxicological Agents


Al Rundio


Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm


Megan M. Shifrin and Ronald L. Hickman, Jr.


Thrombocytopenia in Adults


Khoa (Joey) Dang


Thyroid Crisis


Cynthia Ann Leaver


Traumatic Brain Injury


Elizabeth Wirth-Tomaszewski


Traumatic Injury


Dustin Spencer


Urologic Emergencies


Kelley Toffoli


Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia


Nancy Jaskowak Cresse


Ventricular Assist Devices


S. Brian Widmar


The Violent Patient


Janet E. Reilly and Michael Wichowski


Index