Biomarkers in Cancer Screening and Early Detection (eBook)

Edited by Sudhir Srivastava, Ph.D., MPH Senior Scientific Officer, Chief, Cancer Biomarkers Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA Translational Oncology Series Series Editors ROBERT C. BAST, MD, Vice President for Translational Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA MAURIE MARKMAN, MD, Senior Vice President for Clinical Affairs, Cancer Treatment Centers of America, Clinical Professor of Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA ERNEST HAWK, MD, MPH, Vice President, Division of OVP, Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

List of Contributors, ix

Preface, xiii

Part I Foundations of Biomarker Research

1 Nuts and Bolts of Biomarker Research, 3
Sharmistha Ghosh and Sudhir Srivastava

2 Cancer Genome Methylation: Biology, Biomarker and Therapeutic Opportunities, 16
Shashwat Sharad, Taduru Sreenath, Shiv Srivastava, and Albert Dobi

3 MicroRNA Biomarkers for Early Detection of Cancer, 27
WendyWang, Matthew R Young, and Sudhir Srivastava

4 Inflammation and Cancer, 37
Pamela L Beatty, Sandra Cascio, and Olivera J Finn

5 Exosomes: A Valuable Biomedical Tool in Biomarker Discovery and Development, 50
Jocelyn Lee, Sharmistha Ghosh, and Sudhir Srivastava

6 Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT): Clinical Implications, 64
Elisa CWoodhouse and Suresh Mohla

Part II State-of-the-Science in Organ-Specific Biomarker Research

7 Breast Cancer, 77
Benjamin A Katchman, Christos Patriotis, and Karen S Anderson

8 Ovarian Cancer, 93
Christos Patriotis, Archana Simmons, Karen H Lu, Robert C Bast, Jr, and Steven J Skates

9 Esophageal Cancer Biomarkers, 104
Yanxin Luo, Kishore Guda, SanfordD Markowitz, Amitabh Chak, Andrew M Kaz, andWilliam M Grady

10 Predictive Biomarkers for Therapy in Adenocarcinoma of the Upper Digestive Tract, 118
Heath D Skinner, Qiongrong Chen, Elena Elimova, RoopmaWadhwa, Shumei Song, and Jaffer A Ajani

11 Pancreatic Cancer, 130
Sam CWang and Peter J Allen

12 Colon Cancer, 141
Paul DWagner

13 Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer, 151
Upender Manne, Balananda-Dhurjati Kumar Putcha, Temesgen Samuel, and Sudhir Srivastava

14 Early Detection of Lung Cancer, 163
Mohamed Hassanein, Melinda C Aldrich, Stephen A Deppen, Karl E Krueger, Eric L Grogan, and Pierre P Massion

15 Commonalities in Lung Cancer and COPD, 185
MalgorzataWojtowicz and Eva Szabo

16 Prostate Cancer, 197
Jacob Kagan, Ian M Thompson, and DanielWChan

Part III Biomarkers, Screening and Precision Health: Implications for Public Health

17 Improving the Clinical Validity of Biomarker Research in Cancer Detection, 209
David F Ransohoff

18 Cancer Overdiagnosis, Ramifications and Research Strategies, 220
Barbara K Dunn and Barnett S Kramer

19 Predictive Markers and Driver Genes From Treatment Trials: Potential Utility For Early Diagnosis, 231
Brian S Sorg, Sarfraz Memon, Kelly Y Kim, Aniruddha Ganguly, Tracy Lively, James Tricoli, Magdalena Thurin, Lokesh Agrawal, Tawnya C McKee, Barbara A Conley, and J Milburn Jessup

20 Statistical Consideration in Predictive and Prognostic Markers, 245
Fei Ye and Yu Shyr

21 Clinical Validation of Molecular Biomarkers in Translational Medicine, 256
Harry B Burke and William E Grizzle

22 Cancer Biomarker Assays: Performance Standards, 267
Anna K Fuzery and Daniel W Chan

23 Bioethics and Cancer Biomarker Research, 277
Nathan Nobis, William Grizzle, and Stephen Sodeke

24 Colon Cancer Screening, 283
Molly Perencevich, Jennifer Inra, and Sapna Syngal