Dermal Absorption and Toxicity Assessment

The relationship between structure and barrier function of skin; dermal metabolism; systemic toxicity in man secondary to percutaneous absorption. Part 1 Modelling of dermal risk assessment: occupational skin disease - a case study; current issues in the in vitro measurement of percutaneous absorption; investigation of the skin permeation in vitro; prediction -physiological models; prediction - simple risk models and overview of dermal risk assessment; cutaneous microdialysis for human in vivo dermal absorption studies; physicochemical determinants of stratum corneum permeation. Part 2 Pharmeceuticals: in vitro/in vivo correlations in transdermal drug delivery; irritancy of topical chemicals and transdermal delivery systems; chemical penetration enhancement - possibilities and problems; drugs used for skin diseases; drugs for pain and inflammation; site of effects; iontophoresis; topical therapeutic agents used in wound care. Part 3 Cosmetics: regulation of cosmetics in the United States; experimental design considerations and use of in vitro skin penetration data in cosmetic risk assessment; percutaneous absorption of hair dyes; sunscreens - toxicological aspects; exposure to fragrances - their absorption and potential toxicity. Part 4 Environmental: dermal absorption and toxicity assessment; human skin penetration by metal compounds; soil contamination -theoretical descriptions; percutaneous absorption of hazardous substances from soil and water; bathing water - percutaneous absorption of water contaminants; ultrastructural effects of some solvents and vehicles on the stratum corneum and other skin components - evidence for an extended mosaic-partitioning model of the skin barrier.