The Pediatric Cardiac Anesthesia Handbook

Viviane G. Nasr, MD, graduated from Medical School at the American University of Beirut (AUB), Lebanon in 2003, and pursued a residency in anesthesiology at AUB and Tufts Medical Center, Boston. She completed a pediatric anesthesia fellowship at Children's National Medical Center (CNMC) in Washington DC and a pediatric cardiac anesthesia fellowship at Boston Children's Hospital. She is American Board certified in Anesthesiology and Pediatric Anesthesiology and an active member of the Congenital Cardiac Anesthesia Society.

James A. DiNardo, MD, graduated from Dartmouth College and Dartmouth Medical School (with honors). He completed his anesthesia residency and fellowship in Cardiac Anesthesia at Beth Israel Hospital in Boston. He joined faculty at Boston Children's Hospital in 1999 where he currently serves as the Chief of the Division of Cardiac Anesthesia. He spend approximately one third of this clinical time as an Attending in the Cardiac ICU. Dr DiNardo is certified in perioperative TEE and is former Chairman of the PTEeXAM Committee. He is also a Senior Oral Board Examiner for the ABA, a member of the ABA Pediatric Examination Writing Committee, and Chair of the Pediatric MOCA Examination Committee. He is Past-President of both the Congenital Cardiac Anesthesia Society and the Association of Cardiac Anesthesiologists. He is currently the Anesthesia and Analgesia Executive Editor for Pediatric Anesthesia. He is the author of a major textbook on cardiac anesthesia and of more than 160 peer-reviewed articles and book chapters.

Preface xvii

Part I The Basics 1

1 Cardiovascular Development 3

2 Important Concepts in Congenital Heart Disease 9

3 Preoperative Evaluation 23

4 Intraoperative Management 31

5 Interpretation of Cardiac Catheterization Data 39

6 Cardiopulmonary Bypass 51

7 Mechanical Support Devices 59

Part II Specific Lesions 67

8 Patent Ductus Arteriosus 69

9 Aortopulmonary Window 73

10 Coarctation of the Aorta 77

11 Atrial Septal Defect 83

12 Ventricular Septal Defect 89

13 Atrioventricular Canal Defects 93

14 Double Outlet Right Ventricle 97

15 Truncus Arteriosus 103

16 Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return 107

17 Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction 113

18 Mitral Valve 117

19 Pulmonary Atresia/Intact Ventricular Septum (PA/IVS) 125

20 Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) 131

21 Tetralogy of Fallot with Pulmonary Atresia (TOF/PA) 141

22 Tetralogy of Fallot with Absent Pulmonary Valve (TOF/APV) 145

23 Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA) 147

24 Single?]Ventricle Lesions 161

25 Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome 181

26 Interrupted Aortic Arch 187

27 Vascular Rings 191

28 Tricuspid Atresia 195

29 Heart Transplantation 199

30 Heart-Lung and Lung Transplantation 217

31 Anomalous Origin of the Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery (ALCAPA) 231

32 Heterotaxy 233

33 Ebstein Anomaly 239

Index 243