The Vulva

Dr. Miranda A. Farage is a Research Fellow at the Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, Ohio. Dr. Farage leads global research on genital health, vulvology, dermatological testing and claims, new clinical methods development, sensitive skin, physiology, dermatotoxicology, clinical toxicology, women’s health, quality of life and related fields. Dr. Farage has published more than 200 manuscripts and chapters in peer-reviewed journals and medical books. Dr. Farage is Editor in Chief and co-editor of several successful books covering: (i) The anatomy, physiology and pathology of the Vulva; (ii) Skin, Mucosa and Menopause-management of clinical issues; (iii) Textbook of Aging Skin which was introduced during the 2010 American Academy of Dermatology meeting; (iv) Topical Application and the Mucosa introduced during the 2011 World Congress of Dermatology in Seoul; v) The Vulva: Physiology and Clinical Management, Second Edition; vi) Textbook of Aging Skin-2nd edition introduced during the 2017 American Academy of Dermatology meeting.　 Dr. Farage is a member of many scientific societies and currently is serving on the editorial board of more than a dozen medical journals. She received a Ph.D. in Medical Sciences and a Master degree (MS) in Biology from the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.

Contents

Dedication
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments
Contributors

I Anatomy and Physiology1 Anatomy of the vulva
Aikaterini Deliveliotou and George Creatsas
2 Tissue structure and physiology of the vulva
Miranda A. Farage and Howard I. Maibach
3 Changes in the vulva and vagina throughout life
Miranda A. Farage, Howard I. Maibach, Aikaterini Deliveliotou, and George Creatsas
4 Microbial ecology of the vulva
Catherine C. Davis and Ronald W. Berg
5 Vulvar ethnic differences: An overview
Ying Zou and Howard I. Maibach
6 Vulvar and extragenital clinical sensory perception
Miranda A. Farage, Kenneth W. Miller, Denniz Zolnoun, and William J. Ledger
7 The menstrual cycle, the composition of menses, and the effect of menses on the skin
Miranda A. Farage, William H. Hood, and Paula J. Adams Hillard
8 Characterization and treatment of lochia: A review
Miranda A. Farage, Ninah Enane-Anderson, Narlha Munoz, Orlando Ramirez-Prada, and William J. Ledger
9 Biomolecular markers and physical measures in the urogenital area
Miranda A. Farage, Ken Wehmeyer, Gina Fadayel, Stacey Carpenter, Richard Cheng, Baiyang Wang, and William J. Ledger

II Management of Clinical Issues: Disorders, Diagnoses, Symptoms, Toxicity, and Therapies10 Are vaginal symptoms ever normal?
Matthew Anderson and Alison Karasz
11 Common diseases of the vulva
Diane Elas and Colleen K. Stockdale
12 Which women develop vulvar cancer?
Allan Maclean
13 Vulvar cancer and post vulvectomy complications
Christos Iavazzo and Ioannis D. Gregkes
14 Dermoscopic and confocal microscopy patterns of vulvar mucosal melanotic macules
Elvira Moscarella, Elisa Cinotti, Jean Luc Perrot, and Giuseppe Argenziano
15 Vulvar procedures: biopsy and Bartholin abscess treatment
Allison Jackson, Danielle Cooper, and Edward J. Mayeaux, Jr
16 Condyloma
James Cook, James Ferguson, and Edward J. Mayeaux, Jr
17 Vulvar seborrheic keratosis
Jason C. Reutter
18 Vulvar oedema diagnosis
Katherine Gilmore and Jane Hussey
19 Vulvar/vaginal atrophy: A review
Rosella E Nappi and Barbara Gardella
20 Female-specific pruritus
Michael Joseph Lavery, Carolyn Stull, Shoshana Korman Grossman, and Gil Yosipovitch
21 Vulvar lichen sclerosus
Jill M. Krapf and Andrew T. Goldstein
22 Seborrheic keratosis: Pathogenesis, histopathology and clinical aspects
Devinder Mohan Thappa and Munisamy Malathi
23 Vulvodynia
Nancy A. Phillips, Lauren D. Arnold, and Gloria A. Bachmann
24 Impact of urinary incontinence and urogenital atrophy on the vulva
Sushma Srikrishna and Linda Cardozo
25 Fecal incontinence
Kevin Kniery, Vanessa P. Ho, and Scott R. Steele
26 The menstrual cycle and the skin
Birgit Drexler, Michael Landthaler, and Silvia Hohenleutner
27 Women’s perceptions of sensitive vulvar skin during different life stages
Miranda A. Farage
28 Dermatotoxicology of the vulva
Christina Y. Wang and Howard I. Maibach
29 Allergic contact dermatitis of the vulva Cody J. Connor
30 Bioengineering methods for the vulva
Sibylle Schliemann, Britta Opper, and Peter Elsner
31 Vulvar therapies: Evidence vs. testimony
Natalie Moulton-Levy and Howard I. Maibach

III Genital Alterations and Classifications32 Female genital alterations: A sociological perspective
Samar A. Farage
33 Female genital cutting: Cultural challenges and health complications
Miranda A. Farage, Kenneth W. Miller, Ghebre Tzeghai, Jack Sobel, and William J. Ledger
34 Classification of the labia minora
Cindy Wu, Lynn A. Damitz, and Denniz A. Zolnoun
35 Danger zones in labiaplasty
Cindy Wu, Lynn A. Damitz, and Denniz A. Zolnoun

IV Vulvar Care36 Genital hygiene: Culture, practices, and health impact
Miranda A. Farage and Mario Bramante
37 Products used on the vulva
Miranda A. Farage and Lisa Lennon
38 Consumer research and in-market comments
Brigitte Nijs

Index