Living in the Cold

List of participants. Preface. Dedication. Special address: The Diversity of Temporal Heterothermy (G.A. Bartholomew). Session I. Biochemical and Cellular Aspects of Cold Adaptation and Acclimation . The adaptation to cold of membrane order and (Na + /K + )-ATPase properties. A critical role for membranes in hibernation. Membrane transport at low temperature in hibernators and non-hibernators. Control of membrane fludity in carp upon cold stress: studies on fatty acid desaturases. Gangliosides and synaptic transmission: effects of temperature. Temperature and smooth muscle automaticity. pH as a control factor in hibernation. Regulation of thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue: aspects of gene regulation. Alpha 1 -adrenergic pathways in brown adipose tissue: mode of action and recruitment pattern. Cold - versus diet-induced thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue: different strategies in different species. Regulation of brown fat thermogenesis in hibernators. Is brown fat necessary? Molecular biology of antifreeze. Insect cold hardiness: freezing tolerance and avoidance - the Eurosta model. Freeze tolerance in vertebrates: biochemical adaptation of terrestrially hibernating frogs. Session II. Thermoregulation. Nervous control of cold defense. Neural control of cold defense mechanisms in the avian thermoregulatory system. Neural pathways for transmission of thermal information: the role of the raphe nuclei. Regulation of heat circulation to the feet of mammals in chronic cold. Interactions between temperature and sleep regulations. CNS regulation of body temperature in hibernators and non-hibernators. Thermoregulation effect of serotonin in hibernation. Is heat production during arousal enhanced by positive feedback? Temperature regulation in heterothermic marsupials. Session III. Neural and Endocrine Aspects of Hibernation and Seasonal Cycles. Neural activity during mammalian hibernation. Functional aspects of brain opioid peptide systems in hibernation. Homologies between sleep factors and hibernation triggers. Reproductive development in hibernating ground squirrels. Hibernation in the hedgehog: influence of external and internal factors. Endocrine correlates of hibernation in the edible dormouse Glis glis. Seasonal variations in pancreatic function in marmots: the role of pancreatic hormones and lipoprotein lipase in fat deposition. Regulation of energy stores in arctic ground squirrels: brown fat thermogenic capacity, lipoprotein lipase and pancreatic hormones during fat deposition. Environmentally-determined physiological adjustments made in preparation for hibernation. Pineal and circadian rhythms. Role of photoperiod - pineal gland interaction in torpor control. Evidence for the involvement of pineal melatonin in the control of the hibernation cycle in (Spermophilus lateralis). Effects of prolonged short days on thermoregulation in the Djungarian hamster, Phodopus sungorus.