Ultrasonography in Obstetrics and Gynaecology

The obstetric ultrasound examination; the role of genetic screening in the obstetric patient; AFP screening programmes - what every obstetrical sonologist should know; ultrasound evaluation of chromosomal anomalies; endovaginal ultrasound; the first trimester; ultrasound assessment of fetal age-measurements; ultrasound evaluation of multiple pregnancy; fetal growth; ultrasound evaluation of multiple pregnancy; ultrasound evaluation of the fetal neural axis; ultrasound evaluation of the fetal face; the fetal musculoskeletal system; ultrasound evaluation of the fetal heart; ultrasound evaluation of the retal thorax; ultrasound evaluation of the fetal abdomen; abdominal wall defects; the genitourinary system; ultrasound evaluation of hydrops fetalis; ultrasound evaluation of the placenta; sonographic prediction of fetal lung maturity; amniotic fluid volume - normal and abnormal; assessment of fetal well-being - the biophysical profile; the role of Doppler ultrasound in obstetrics and gynaecology; the role of computed tomogoraphy and magnetic resonance imaging in obstetrics; the prenatal management of the fetus with a correctable defect; normal anatomy of the female pelvis; ultrasound evaluation of infertility; ultrasound evaluation of the uterus; ultrasound evaluation of gestational trophoblastic disease; ultrasound evaluation of the ovary; ectopic pregnancy; the role of MRI in the evaluation of gynaecologic disease; artifacts, pitfalls, and normal variants in obstetrical and gynaecologic ultrasound. Appendix A: measurements frequently used to estimate gestational age and fetal biometry. Appendix B: methodology for fetal weight estimation. Appendix C: normal measurements of the premenarchal uterus and ovaries.