Gestational Diabetes During and After Pregnancy

Catherine Kim, MD MPH is an Assistant Professor of Medicine and Obstetrics & Gynecology at the University of Michican Medical School, MI, USA.Assiamira Ferrara, MD PhD is a Research Scientist at the Kaiser Permanente Northern California, CA, USA.

An Overview of Problems and Solutions in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Gestational Diabetes.- SECTION I: SCREENING FOR AND IDENTIFICATION OF GDM DURING PREGNANCY.- Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) Study: An Overview.- Evolution of screening and diagnosis criteria for GDM worldwide.- SECTION II: BURDEN OF GDM IN US POPULATIONS.- Prevalence of GDM.- Risk Factors for Gestational Diabetes: From an Epidemiological Standpoint.- SECTION III: BURDEN OF GDM IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES.- Burden of GDM in Developing Countries.- SECTION IV: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND GENETICS OF GDM.- Insulin and the Placenta in GDM.- What causes Gestational Diabetes?.- Mechanisms Underlying Insulin Resistance in Human Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.- Inflammation, Adipokines, and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.- Lipids in Gestational Diabetes: Abnormalities and Significance.- Blood Pressure in GDM.- Genetics of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Type 2 Diabetes.- SECTION V: COMORBIDITIES OF GDM.- Maternal Obesity and Epidemiological Review of Pregnancy Complications.- Maternal Comorbidities During Gestational Diabetess Mellitus: Obstetrical Complications, Prematurity and Delivery.- The Diabetic Intrauterine Environment: Short and Long-Term Consequences.- SECTION VI: MANAGEMENT OF GDM DURING PREGNANCY.- Exercise Recommendations in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.- Nutrition and Weight Recommendations for Treating Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.- Pharmacological Treatment Options for Gestational Diabetes.- SECTION VII: POSTPARTUM IMPLICATIONS FOR GDM IN WOMEN.- Risk for Maternal Postpartum Diabetes.- Contraception Before and After GDM.- Lactation and Diabetes Among Women with a History of GDM.- SECTION VIII: GDM INTERVENTIONS.- Emerging Science: Interventions in Women at Risk of GDM During Pregnancy.- Diabetes Prevention Interventions for Women with a History of GDM.- SECTION IX: DIABETES CONTROL PROGRAMS AND POLICY.- Diabetes Control Programs and Policy.