Cardiac Anesthesia

Part 1 Pre-operative assessment and management: pre-operative assessment of cardiac risk; the cardiac catheterization laboratory - diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in the adult patient; anti-ischemic drug therapy; chronic treatment of congestive heart failure; anti-hypertensive therapy; etiology and treatment of perioperative cardiac dysrhythmias. Part 2 Monitoring: advances in cardiovascular physiology; coronary physiology; haemodynamic monitoring; advances in electrocardiographic monitoring; transoesophageal echocardiography; transoesophageal and epicardial colour-flow Doppler echocardiography in surgical repair of valvular, ischemic, and congenital heart disease; central nervous system monitoring. Part 3 Anaesthetic pharmacology: effects of inhalation anaesthetics on systemic haemodynamics and the coronary circulation; opioids in cardiac anaesthesia; pharmacology of intravenous anaesthetic induction drugs; new muscle relaxants and the cardiovascular system; pharmacokinetics and principles of drug infusions in cardiac patients. Part 4 Anaesthesia for cardiac surgery: anaesthesia for myocardial revascularization; valvular heart disease; anaesthesia for treatment of congenital heart disease; thoracic aortic disease; anaesthesia for electrophysiologic; uncommon diseases in cardiac anaesthesia; cardiac reoperations; cardiac pacing and electroversion; heart and heart-lung transplantation. Part 5 Support of the circulation: cardiopulmonary bypass and the anaesthesiologists; management of coagulation and bleeding disorders; extracorporeal devices and related technologies; myocardial protection during cardiopulmonary bypass; treatment of perioperative left ventricular performance; right ventricular performance; circulatory assist devices. Part 6 Postoperative care: management of ventilation; post-operative circulatory control; nutrition and cardiac function; central nervous system dysfunction after cardiopulmonary bypass; complications of cardiac surgery; outcome studies in patients with heart disease - cardiac and non-cardiac surgery. Part 7 Anaesthesia for the cardiac patient undergoing non-cardiac surgery: the adult cardiac patient for non-cardiac surgery; anaesthetic care of the paediatric patient with congenital heart disease for non-cardiac surgery.