Restless Legs Syndrome/Willis Ekbom Disease

Mauro Manconi, MD, PhDSleep and Epilepsy CenterNeurocenter of Southern SwitzerlandCivic HospitalLugano, Switzerland Diego García-Borreguero, MD, PhDSleep Research InstituteMadrid, Spain

I. Long Term Health Consequences of Restless Legs Syndrome/Willis-Ekbom Disease.- 1. Mental Health Disorders Associated with RLS.- 2. Sleep Impact: Insomnia, Hypersomnia, Sleep Attacks, and Circadian Disorders.- 3. Cognitive Functioning.- 4. Health Related Quality of Life and Depression/Anxiety Symptom Measures for the Assessment of Treatment in Restless Legs Syndrome/Willis-Ekbom Disease.- 5. Epidemiologic Evidence in Cardiovascular Disease.- 6. Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Changes Associated with Periodic Limb Movements.- 7. Willis-Ekbom Disease, Periodic Limb Movements of Sleep, and Cardiovascular Disease: Putative Mechanisms and Implications for Long-Term Treatment.- 8. Peripheral Muscle Changes.- 9. Outcome and Mortality in Renal Failure-Related RLS.- II. Long Term Management of Restless Legs Syndrome/Willis-Ekbom Disease.- 10. Long Term Pharmacological Treatment.- 11. Augmentation: Criteria, Prevalence, and DifferentialDiagnosis.- 12. Treatment Options When Short-Acting Dopamine Agonists Fail or Cause Augmentation: Switching or Adding Medications.- 13. Management of Augmentation.- 14. Managing Concurrent Medications.- 15. Impulsive Behaviors: Definition, Prevalence, Neurobiology, and Management.- 16. Impulse Control Behavior in Movement Disorders: Focus on Restless Leg Syndrome.- 17. Management of RLS During Pregnancy.- 18. Management of RLS in Children (Unique Features).