Counselling in Male Infertility

Preface; Introduction; Man in crisis; Introduction; Male and female taboos; Roles in society; Rituals, birth and rebirth; Other issues affecting men of the late twentieth century; How have these social changes affected men?; Conclusion; Diagnosing Male Infertility; Introduction; Traditional methods of diagnosis; Definitions of male infertility; Factors affecting semen quality; How do we assess sperm function (male infertility)?; What is the meaning of fertilisation?; Other factors in diagnosis; The use of semen analysis - summary; Other tests of sperm function; Antisperm antibodies in men; How do specialists, male or female, deal with men with confirmed diagnosis of male infertility?; Diagnosing psychogenic impotence; Conclusion; Treatment Options for Male Infertility; Introduction; Treating impotence; Treating patients with spinal injuries; Options for idiopathic male infertility; Donor insemination (DI); Freezing-thawing damages sperm; Empirical superovulation (ES); Intrauterine insemination (IUI); Patients failing ES and IUI; In vitro fertilisation (IVF); Further treatment options; Empirical options for men; ICSI - a new twist to the tale; How is ICSI done and what are the principles behind the idea?; Conclusion; Isolation and Self Punishment Introduction; The pain of infertility - guilt, blame and loss of self esteem; How do men respond to male infertility?; Summary about men's feelings; Guilt and punishment; Conclusion; Coping and Coming to Terms with Male Infertility; Introduction; Dealing with infertile men - what can be done for them?; Male infertility and episodes of impotence; Dealing with ambivalence; Accepting childlessness; Sources of support; Male ideology - manhood and men's need to control; Conclusion; Counselling Men - Summarising Current Understanding and Exploring What Needs to be Done; Introduction; The meaning of fatherhood; Summary of outlook and what needs to be done; Model for counselling infertile men; Exploration; Conclusion; Crucial Differences in Male and Female Ideology and the Role of Childhood Development; Introduction; Male ideology and theories on how it is perpetuated; Women's response to male ideology; Sex roles and child development; Male and the new female ideologies in conflict; A modern male's outlook on infertility; Conclusion; A New Massianic Age and the Cults of Children and Fertility - Cultural, Ethnic and Reglious Factors; Introduction; A new Messianic age; Life cycles, rebirth and the cult of children; The cult of fertility; The church, infertility and treatments; The view of Judasim on infertility treatment and conception; Masturbation; Ethnic factors; Conclusion; Donor Insemination and Male Infertility; Introduction; Recent changes, the HFEA and current practices in modern DI; Donor semen and IVF or GIFT; Social and psychological attitudes to DI; Other issues concerning ID; Doner insemination and counselling - implications; Conclusions; The Medical Agenda; Introduction; The feminist perspective; Feminism, a male perspective and appraisal; Why do men become gynaecologists? Why so few women?; Conclusion; Law, Ethics and Morals of ART; Introduction; Morality; The Human Fertilization and Embryology Act 1990 and medical research; Issues of concern and major controversies arising in the field of ART; Consequences of the reproduction revolution; Concerns with infertility and the need for regulation and legislation; Informed consent; Funding for research; Legislation; History of legislation in the UK; Legislation in the USA; Legislation in Australia; Legislation concerning ART in the rest of the world; Conclusion; Discussion and Conclusion; Summary; Conclusion