Development and Reproduction in Humans and Animal Model Species

Werner A. Mueller (Müller) was head of the Zoological Institute of the University of Heidelberg, Germany, for 30 years. He is also author of a textbook on Animal and Human Physiology. He and his group did research on stem cells, pattern formation, signalling molecules including neuropeptides and on settlement and metamorphosis of marine organisms. Monika Hassel is leader of the department on Morphology and Evolution of Invertebrates at the University of Marburg, Germany. She and her group use invertebrate model systems (Hydra, Platynereis) to elucidate the role of fibroblast growth factor receptors in the emergence of body plans and the development of boundaries. Maura Grealy is lecturer at the department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics at the National University in Galway, Ireland. She and her group use the zebrafish as model organism to study the onset of transcription in embryogenesis, heart development and the role of signalling cell adhesion molecules.

Development and Reproduction: An Introduction.- Stages and Principles of Animal Development Terms of Developmental Biology.- The Start: Fertilization, Activation of the Egg and a First Series of Cell Divisions (Cleavage).- Model Organisms in Developmental Biology I: Invertebrates.- Development of Important Model Species II: Vertebrates.- The Human.- In Preparation for New Life I: Sex Determination and Sexual Development.- In Preparation for New Life II: Gametogenesis: The Development of Egg Cells and Sperm and Their Provision with Heritable Reserves.- Specification of Body Axes and Localized Fate Allotment by External and Maternal Cues.- Positional Information, Embryonic Induction and Pattern Formation by Cell-Cell-Communication.- Controlling Signals, Signal Propagation and Signal Transduction.- Development and Genes.- Application- Oriented Experiments with Early Vertebrate Embryos: Cloning, Transgenic Animals.- Morphogenesis: Shaping by Active Cell Movement, Differential Cell Adhesion and Cell Death.- Long Distance Wanderers and the Various Fates of the Neural Crest Cells.- The Nervous System and Central Sensory Organs.- Heart and Blood Vessels.- Stem cells, Regeneration, Regenerative Medicine.- Growth Control and Cancer.- Metamorphosis and its Hormonal Control.- Immortality or Ageing and Death: What is Nature's Aim?.- Evolution of Development.