Atlas of Emergency Medicine Procedures (eBook)

Latha Ganti, MD, MS, MBA, FACEPProfessor of Emergency  MedicineUniversity of Central Florida &Orlando Veterans Affairs Medical CenterOrlando, FL, USA

Atlas of Emergency Medicine Procedures: Table of ContentsI. Vascular Procedures  1 Arterial Cannulation (Radial and Femoral) Jeffrey Kile, Katrina John, Amish Aghera 1.1 Indications1.2 Contraindications1.3 Materials and Medications1.4 Complications1.5 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading2 Ultrasound-Guided Peripheral Intravenous AccessCoben Thorn, L. Connor Nickels 2.1 Indications2.2 Contraindications2.3 Materials and Medications2.4 Procedure2.5 Complications2.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading3 Central Venous Line Placement: Internal Jugular Vein, Subclavian Vein, and Femoral VeinKevin D. Ergle, Zachary B. Kramer, Jason Jones, Rohit Pravin Patel3.1 Indications3.2 Contraindications3.3 Materials and Medications 3.4 Procedures 3.5 Complications 3.6 Ultrasound Guided Cannulation: Tips for Each Approach3.7 Removing a Central LineSelected Reading 4 Pulmonary Artery CatheterRohit Pravin Patel, Marie-Carmelle Elie4.1 Indications 4.2 Contraindications4.3 Materials4.3.1 Catheter Preparation4.4 Procedure4.5 Complications4.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading5 Noninvasive Cardiac Monitoring: The Edwards Vigileo SystemDawood G. Dalaly, Rohit Pravin Patel5.1 Indications5.2 Contraindications5.3 Definitions and Values5.4 Materials5.5 Procedure 5.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading6 Peripheral Venous CutdownJeffrey Kile, Katrina John, Amish Aghera6.1 Indications6.2 Contraindications6.3 Materials and Medications6.4 Choice of Vessel for Cutdown6.5 Procedure6.6 Complications6.7 Pearls and PitfallsSelected ReadingII. Airway and Vascular Procedures 7 Bag-Valve-Mask VentilationBraden Hexom, Tatiana Havryliuk 7.1 Indications7.2 Contraindications7.3 Materials7.4 Procedure7.5 Complications7.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading8 Awake Orotracheal IntubationBenjamin M. Mahon, Justin Bennett, Lars K. Beattie8.1 Indications8.2 Contraindications8.3 Materials and Medications8.4 Procedure8.5 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading9 Rapid-Sequence IntubationRam A. Parekh9.1 Indications9.2 Contraindications9.3 Materials and Medications9.4 Procedure9.5 Complications9.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading10 Direct LaryngoscopyBharath Chakravarthy, Weston Seipp10.1 Indications10.2 Contraindications10.3 Materials and Medications10.4 Procedure10.5 Complications10.6 Pearls and PitfallsReferences11 Laryngeal Mask AirwaySohan Parekh11.1 Indications11.2 Contraindications11.3 Types11.4 Materials and Medications11.5 Procedure11.6 Complications11.7 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading12 CombitubeClint Masterson12.1 Indications12.2 Contraindications12.3 Materials12.4 Procedure12.5 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading13 Assessment of the Difficult AirwayMelinda W. Fernandez, Lars K. Beattie13.1 Indications13.2 Materials and Medications 13.3 Procedure13.4 Pearls and PitfallsReferencesSelected Reading14 GlideScopeSohan Parekh14.1 Indications14.2 Contraindications14.3 Materials and Medications14.4 Procedure14.5 Complications14.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading15 Endotracheal Tube Introducer (Bougie)Joseph Rabinovich15.1 Indications 15.2 Contraindications15.3 Materials and Medications15.4 Procedure15.5 Complications15.6 Pearls and PitfallsReferences16 Lighted Stylet IntubationBenjamin M. Mahon, Lars K. Beattie16.1 Indications16.2 Contraindications16.3 Materials and Medications16.4 Procedure16.5 Pearls and PitfallsReferencesSelected Reading17 Fiberoptic Stylet Intubation (Rigid and Semirigid)Joseph Rabinovich17.1 Indications17.2 Contraindications17.3 Relative Contraindications17.4 Materials and Medications17.5 Procedure17.6 Pearls and PitfallsReferences18 Storz Video LaryngoscopeJoseph Rabinovich18.1 Indications18.2 Contraindications18.3 Materials and Medications18.4 Procedure18.5 Complications18.6 Pearls and PitfallsReferencesSelected ReadingothyroidotomyHenry Young II, Shannon Toohey, Bharath Chakravarthy, Lars K. Beattie19.1 Indications19.2 Contraindications19.3 Two Techniques19.4 Complications19.5 Pearls ReferencesSelected Reading20 Tracheostomy Tube MalfunctionDeena Bengiamin, Bharath Chakravarthy20.1 Indications20.2 Materials and Medications20.3 Procedure20.4 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading21 Percutaneous Transtracheal Jet VentilationClint Masterson21.1 Indications21.2 Contraindications21.3 Materials and Medications21.4 Procedure21.5 Complications21.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected ReadingIII. Thoracic Procedures 22 Needle ThoracostomyLucas McArthur, Christian Fromm22.1 Indications22.2 Contraindications22.3 Materials 22.4 Procedure22.5 Complications22.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected ReadingAcknowledgments 23 Chest Tube ThoracostomyBrandon R. Allen, Latha Ganti23.1 Indications23.2 Contraindications23.3 Materials and Medications23.4 Procedure23.5 Complications23.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading24 ThoracentesisLee Richard Donner, Michael Anana24.1 Indications24.2 Contraindications24.3 Materials and Medications24.4 Procedure24.5 Complications24.6 Considerations24.7 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading25 Open Chest Wounds and Flail ChestJacob J. Glaser, Carlos J. Rodriguez25.1 Background25.2 Initial Evaluation of Thoracic Trauma25.3 Open Pneumothorax25.4 Flail ChestReferences26 Emergent Resuscitative Thoracotomy, Open Cardiac Massage, and Aortic OcclusionKevin M. Jones, Jay Menaker26.1 Indications26.2 Contraindications26.3 Materials and Medications26.4 Procedure26.5 ComplicationsSelected Reading27 Lung Ultrasonography Ali H. Dabaja, L. Connor Nickels, Rohit Pravin Patel27.1 Indications27.2 Contraindications27.3 Materials27.4 Preparations27.5 ProcedureSelected ReadingIV. Cardiac Procedures 28 Repair of Cardiac InjuriesRonald Tesoriero28.1 Indications28.2 Contraindications28.3 Materials and Medications28.4 Procedure28.5 Complications28.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading29 Synchronized Electrical CardioversionJason Jones, Ann Tsung, Marie-Carmelle Elie29.1 Indications29.2 Contraindications29.3 Materials and Medications29.4 Procedure29.5 Complications29.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading30 Unsynchronized Cardioversion (Defibrillation)Matthew R. Tice, Zachary B. Kramer, Marie-Carmelle Elie30.1 Indications 30.2 Contraindications 30.3 Materials and Medications30.4 Procedure 30.5 Complications30.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading31 Transcutaneous PacingNour Rifai, Christian Coletti31.1 Indications31.2 Contraindications31.3 Materials and Medications31.4 Procedure31.5 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading32 Transvenous Cardiac PacingKatrina John, Jeffrey Kile, Amish Aghera32.1 Indications32.2 Contraindications32.3 Materials and Medications32.4 Procedure32.5 Complications32.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading33 Pericardiocentesis (Optional: Ultrasound Guidance)Katrina Skoog Nguyen, L. Connor Nickels, Rohit Pravin Patel33.1 Indications33.2 Contraindications33.3 Materials and Medications33.4 Procedure33.5 Complications33.6 Pearls and Pitfalls References34 Ultrasound Evaluation of Pulmonary Embolism and Heart StrainGiuliano De Portu, L. Connor Nickels, Marie-Carmelle Elie34.1 Indications34.2 Contraindications34.3 Materials and Medications34.4 Procedure34.5 Findings34.6 Complications34.7 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading35 Pacemaker Evaluation in the Emergency DepartmentJoseph D. Romano, Christian Coletti35.1 Pacemaker Function35.2 Common Pacemaker Codes35.3 Pacemaker Malfunction35.4 Initial Evaluation of the Patient With a Pacemaker35.5 Interpreting the Type of Malfunction Based on ECG35.6 Management of Pacemaker-mediated TachycardiaReferencesV. Spine Evaluation 36 Cervical Collar PlacementJustin Bennett, Lars K. Beattie36.1 Indications36.2 Contraindications36.3 Materials and Medications36.4 Procedure (Aspen Collar)36.5 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading37 Cervical Spine Clearance Braden Hexom, Tatiana Havryliuk37.1 Indications 37.2 Contraindications 37.3 NEXUS and CCR to Assess the Need for Imaging37.4 Type of Imaging37.5 Materials37.6 Procedure37.7 Complications37.8 Pearls and Pitfalls ReferenceSelected Reading38 Log RollJustin Bennett, Lars K. Beattie38.1 Indications38.2 Contraindications38.3 Materials and Medications38.4 Procedure38.5 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected ReadingVI. Neurologic and Neurosurgical Procedures 39 Burr Hole CraniotomyLatha Ganti39.1 Indications39.2 Contraindications39.3 Materials and Medications39.4 Procedure39.5 Complications 39.6 Pearls and Pitfalls ReferencesSelected Reading40 External Ventricular Drain PlacementLatha Ganti 40.2 Contraindications40.3 Materials and Medications 40.4 Procedure40.5 Complications 40.6 Pearls and Pitfalls References41 Lumbar Puncture in AdultsKevin Tench, L. Connor Nickels, Rohit Pravin Patel41.1 Indications41.2 Contraindications41.3 Materials and Medications41.4 Procedure41.5 Complications41.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading42 Reflex Eye Movements (Doll’s Eyes and Caloric Testing)Thomas T. Nguyen, Tina Dulani, Saadia Akhtar42.1 Indications: Doll’s Eyes42.2 Contraindications: Doll’s Eyes42.3 Procedure: Doll’s Eyes42.4 Pearls and Pitfalls: Doll’s Eyes 42.5 Indications: Caloric Reflex Testing42.6 Contraindications: Caloric Reflex Testing42.7 Materials and Medications: Caloric Reflex Testing42.8 Procedure: Caloric Reflex Testing42.9 Complications: Caloric Reflex Testing42.10 Pearls and Pitfalls: Caloric Reflex Testing Selected Reading43 Dix-Hallpike ManeuverRui Domingues, Muhammad Waseem43.1 Indications43.2 Contraindications43.3 Materials 43.4 Procedure43.5 Complications43.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading44 Epley Maneuver for Vertigo (Particle Repositioning or Canalith Repositioning Procedure)Rui Domingues, Muhammad Waseem44.1 Indications44.2 Contraindications44.3 Materials 44.4 Procedure44.5 Complications44.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading45 Clinical Brain Death Examination in AdultsEric S. Papierniak, Hassan M. Alnuaimat, Tracy Timmons, Deborah M. Stein45.1 Indications45.2 Contraindications45.3 Materials and Medications45.4 Procedure45.5 Pearls and Pitfalls45.6 ControversiesSelected ReadingVII. Ophthalmic Procedures 46 Slit Lamp ExaminationBobby K. Desai46.1 Indications46.2 Contraindications46.3 Materials 46.4 Procedure46.5 Complications 46.6 Pitfalls46.7 Fluorescein Testing Selected Reading47 Eye IrrigationBobby K. Desai47.1 Indications47.2 Contraindications47.3 Materials and Medications47.4 Procedure47.5 Complications47.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading48 Corneal Foreign Body RemovalBobby K. Desai48.1 Indications48.2 Contraindications48.3 Materials and Medications48.4 Procedure48.5 ComplicationsSelected Reading49 Ultrasound Evaluation of Retinal DetachmentShalu S. Patel, L. Connor Nickels, Rohit Pravin Patel49.1 Indications49.2 Contraindications49.3 Materials and Medications49.4 Procedure49.5 Complications49.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading50 Ultrasonography in the Evaluation of Intraocular PathologyBenjamin M. Mahon, Marie-Carmelle Elie, L. Connor Nickels, Rohit Pravin Patel50.1 Indications50.2 Contraindications50.3 Materials50.4 Procedure50.5 Complications50.6 Pearls and Pitfalls 50.7 Specific Disease Processes/PathologyReferencesSelected Reading51 TonometryBobby K. Desai51.1 Indications51.2 Contraindications51.3 Overview51.4 Schiøtz Tonometry 51.5 Tono-Pen Tonometry51.6 ComplicationsSelected Reading52 Lateral CanthotomyBenjamin M. Mahon, Bobby K. Desai52.1 Indications52.2 Contraindications52.3 Materials and Medications52.4 Procedure52.5 Complications 52.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected ReadingVIII. Otorhinolaryngologic Procedures 53 Epistaxis ControlBenjamin M. Mahon, Bobby K. Desai53.1 Etiology53.2 Indications53.3 Contraindications53.4 Materials and Medications53.5 Procedure: Anterior Epistaxis53.6 Procedure: Posterior EpistaxisSelected Reading54 Treatment of Septal HematomaBobby K. Desai54.1 Indications54.2 Contraindications54.3 Materials and Medications54.4 Procedure 54.5 Pitfalls and ComplicationsSelected Reading55 Nasal Foreign Body RemovalBobby K. Desai55.1 Indications55.2 Contraindications55.3 Materials and Medications 55.4 ProceduresSelected Reading56 Cerumen RemovalBobby K. Desai56.1 Indications56.2 Contraindications56.3 Materials and Medications56.4 Procedure56.5 Pitfalls and ComplicationsSelected Reading57 Ear Foreign Body RemovalBobby K. Desai57.1 Indications57.2 Contraindications57.3 Materials and Medications 57.4 ProceduresSelected Reading58 Treatment of Auricular HematomaBobby K. Desai58.1 Indications58.2 Contraindications58.3 Materials and Medications     58.4 Procedure58.5 Pitfalls and ComplicationsSelected ReadingAcknowledgement59 Incision and Drainage of Peritonsillar AbscessMelinda W. Fernandez, Bobby K. Desai59.1 Indications59.2 Contraindications59.3 Materials and Medications59.4 Procedure: Aspiration59.5 Procedure: Incision and Drainage59.6 Complications59.7 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading60 Incision and Drainage of Sublingual AbscessMelinda W. Fernandez, Bobby K. Desai60.1 Indications60.2 Contraindications60.3 Materials and Medications60.4 Procedure: Incision and Drainage60.5 Complications60.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading61 Incision and Drainage of Parotid Duct AbscessMelinda W. Fernandez, Bobby K. Desai61.1 Indications61.2 Contraindications61.3 Materials and Medications61.4 Procedure61.5 Complications61.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected ReadingIX. Dental Procedures  62 Techniques of Mandibular AnesthesiaSusana Perry, Joshua Perry, Rosalia Rey62.1 Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block 62.2 Buccal Nerve Block 62.3 Mental Nerve BlockSelected Reading63 Reduction of Dislocated Temporomandibular JointChristopher J. Spencer, Geraldine Weinstein63.1 Indications63.2 Contraindications for Closed Reduction63.3 Materials and Medications63.4 Procedure 63.5 Complications63.6 PearlsSelected Reading64 Dry Socket (Alveolar Osteitis, Fibrinolytic Osteitis)Michael A. Abraham, Amir Azari, Jennifer Westcott, Franci Stavropoulos64.1 Indications64.2 Contraindications64.3 Materials and Medications64.4 Procedure64.5 Complications64.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading65 Postextraction HemorrhageMichael A. Abraham, Amir Azari, Jennifer Westcott, Franci Stavropoulos65.1 Indications65.2 Contraindications65.3 Materials and Medications65.4 Procedure65.5 Complications65.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading66 Fractured ToothGeraldine Weinstein66.1 Indications66.2 Methods of Sustaining Dental Fracture 66.3 Four Types of Fractured Tooth66.4 Contraindications66.5 Materials and Medications66.6 Procedure66.7 Complications66.8 Pearls67 Dental Avulsion ManagementLaura Tucker, Abimbola O. Adewumi67.1 Indications67.2 Contraindications67.3 Materials and Medications67.4 Procedure67.5 Complications67.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected ReadingX. Gastrointestinal Procedures  68 Excision of Thrombosed External HemorrhoidPratik Shashikant Patel, Latha Ganti68.1 Indications68.2 Contraindications68.3 Materials and Medications  68.4 Procedure68.5 Complications 68.6 Pearls and Pitfalls ReferencesSelected Reading69 Diagnostic Peritoneal Lavage Latha Ganti69.1 Indications69.2 Contraindications69.3 Materials and Medications69.4 Procedure69.5 Complications 69.6 Pearls and Pitfalls ReferencesSelected Reading70 Manual Reduction of Abdominal HerniaLatha Ganti70.1 Indications70.2 Contraindications70.4 Procedure70.5 Complications 70.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading71 Extended Focused Assessment With Sonography for TraumaCoben Thorn, L. Connor Nickels71.1 Indications71.2 Contraindications71.3 Materials and Medications71.4 Procedure71.5 Complications71.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading72 Nasogastric Tube PlacementDavid P. Nguyen, L. Connor Nickels, Giuliano De Portu72.1 Indications72.2 Contraindications72.3 Materials and Medications72.4 Procedure72.5 Complications72.6 Pearls Selected Reading73 Esophageal Foreign Body RemovalDavid P. Nguyen, L. Connor Nickels, Rohit Pravin Patel73.1 Indications73.2 Contraindications73.3 Materials 73.4 Procedure73.5 Complications73.6 Pearls Selected Reading74 Activated CharcoalDeylin I. Negron Smida, Judith K. Lucas74.1 Indications74.2 Contraindications74.3 Materials and Medications 74.4 Procedure74.5 Complications74.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading75 Gastric LavageDeylin I. Negron Smida, Judith K. Lucas75.1 Indications75.2 Contraindications75.3 Materials and Medications75.4 Procedure75.5 Complications75.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading76 Whole Bowel IrrigationJudith K. Lucas76.1 Indications76.2 Contraindications76.3 Materials and Medications 76.4 Procedure76.5 Complications76.6 PearlsSelected Reading77 Sengstaken-Blakemore TubeThomas T. Nguyen, Etan Eitches, Stephanie Wetmore-Nguyen77.1 Indications77.2 Contraindications77.3 Materials and Medications77.4 Procedure77.5 Complications77.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading78 Gastrostomy Tube PlacementNate Lisenbee, Latha Ganti78.1 Indications78.2 Contraindications78.3 Materials and Medications78.4 Procedure78.5 Pearls and Pitfalls 78.6 ComplicationsSelected Reading79 ParacentesisShalu S. Patel, Bobby K. Desai 79.1 Indications79.2 Contraindications79.3 Materials and Medications79.4 Procedure79.5 Complications79.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading80 Anal Fissure ManagementDavid P. Nguyen, L. Connor Nickels, Giuliano De Portu80.1 Indications80.2 Contraindications80.3 Materials and Medications80.4 Procedure80.5 Complications80.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected ReadingXI. Genitourinary Procedures 81 Bladder CatheterizationMaritza A. Plaza-Verduin, Judith K. Lucas81.1 Indications81.2 Contraindications81.3 Materials and Medications81.4 Procedure 81.5 Complications81.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading82 Pelvic Examination and Wet PreparationNauman W. Rashid, Elaine B. Josephson, Muhammad Waseem82.1 Indications82.2 Contraindications3 Materials and Medications82.4 Procedure82.5 Complications82.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading83 Bartholin Gland Abscess/Cysts DrainageHolly H. Charleton, Marylin Otero, Diane F. Giorgi, Joseph A Tyndall83.1 Indications83.2 Contraindications83.3 Procedure Types83.4 Materials83.5 Procedures83.6 AftercareSelected Reading84 Sexual Assault Forensic ExaminationRajnish Jaiswal, Mary T. Ryan, Muhammad Waseem84.1 Indications84.2 Contraindications 84.3 Materials and Medications84.4 Procedure84.5 Pearls and PitfallsReferences85 Treatment of PriapismJeffrey Kile, Katrina John, Amish Aghera85.1 Indications85.2 Contraindications85.3 Materials and Medications85.4 Noninvasive Therapy Preprocedure85.5 Procedures85.6 Complications85.7 Pearls and Pitfalls85.8 ConsiderationsSelected Reading86 Reduction of Phimosis/ParaphimosisJustin Chen, Muhammad Waseem86.1 Indications86.2 Contraindications86.3 Materials and Medications86.4 Procedure: Manual Reduction for Paraphimosis86.5 Complications86.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading87 Manual Testicular DetorsionBrandon R. Allen, L. Connor Nickels87.1 Indications87.2 Contraindications87.3 Materials and Medications87.4 Procedure87.5 Pearls and PitfallsReferencesXII. Skin and Soft Tissue Procedures 88 Local AnesthesiaDerek Ailes, Muhammad Waseem88.1 Indications88.2 Contraindications88.3 Materials and Medications88.4 Procedure88.5 Complications88.6 Pearls References89 Regional Anesthesia (Nerve Blocks)Derek Ailes, Muhammad Waseem89.1 Indications89.2 Contraindications89.3 Materials and Medications89.4 Procedure: General Block89.5 Complications89.6 Pearls and Pitfalls 89.7 Selected Specific Blocks Referencesagement and HemostasisRich Teitell, Muhammad Waseem90.1 Indications for Primary Wound Repair 90.2 Contraindications for Primary Wound Repair 90.3 Procedure for Wound Closure and Hemostasis 90.4 Complications90.5 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading 91 Burn CareThomas Parry, Jeffrey Pepin91.1 Burn Description91.2 Indications91.3 Materials and Medications91.4 Sizing 91.5 Fluid Resuscitation91.6 Procedure91.7 Complications91.8 Pearls and Pitfalls91.9 Admission CriteriaSelected Reading92 Wound ClosureOliver Michael Berrett, Jeffrey Joseph Harroch, Karlene Hosford, Muhammad Waseem92.1 Indications92.2 Contraindications92.3 Methods 92.4 Preparation92.5 Suture Repair92.6 Alternative Methods of Wound Closure92.7 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading93 Wound Closure With Tissue AdhesivePratik Shashikant Patel, Latha Ganti93.1 Indications93.2 Contraindicationsnd Medications93.4 Procedure93.5 Complications93.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading94 Fishhook RemovalJudith K. Lucas94.1 Indications94.2 Contraindications94.3 Materials and Medications94.4 Procedures94.5 Postremoval Wound Care94.6 Complications94.7 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading95 Tick RemovalDavid N. Smith, Judith K. Lucas95.1 Indications95.2 Contraindications95.3 Materials and Medications95.4 Procedure95.5 Complications95.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading96 Subungal Hematoma DrainagePratik Shashikant Patel, Latha Ganti96.1 Causes96.2 Indications96.3 Contraindications96.4 Materials and Medications96.5 Procedure96.6 Complications96.7 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading97 Incision and Drainage of AbscessNicholas D. Caputo, Karlene Hosford, Muhammad Waseem97.1 Indicationsications97.3 Materials and Medications97.4 Procedure97.5 Complications97.6 PearlsSelected ReadingXIII. Orthopedic Procedures 98 SplintingChristopher H. Stahmer, Muhammad Waseem98.1 Indications98.2 Contraindications98.3 Materials and Medications98.4 Procedure98.5 ComplicationsSelected Reading99 Ulnar Gutter SplintJeffrey Kile, Katrina John, Amish Aghera99.1 Indications99.2 Contraindications99.3 Materials 99.4 Procedure99.5 Complications99.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading100 Shoulder Dislocation Reduction TechniquesKatrina Skoog Nguyen, L. Connor Nickels, Rohit Pravin Patel100.1 Indications100.2 Contraindications100.3 Materials and Medications100.4 Procedure100.5 Complications100.6 PearlsSelected ReadingAcknowledgement101 Elbow Dislocation ReductionKatrina John, Jeffrey Kile, Amish Aghera101.1 Indications101.2 Contraindications101.3 Materials and Medications101.4 Procedure for Posterior Dislocations101.5 Procedure for Anterior Dislocations101.6 Procedure for Radial Head Subluxations101.7 Complications101.8 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading102 Distal Interphalangeal Joint ReductionJustin Chen, Muhammad Waseem102.1 Indications102.2 Contraindications102.3 Materials and Medications102.4 Procedure102.5 Complications102.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading103 Hip Dislocation ReductionKatrina John, Jeffrey Kile, Amish Aghera103.1 Indications103.2 Contraindications103.3 Materials and Medications103.4 Procedure103.5 Complications103.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading104 Knee Dislocation ReductionJeffrey Kile, Katrina John, Amish Aghera104.1 Indications104.2 Contraindications104.3 Materials and Medications104.4 Procedure104.5 Complications104.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading105 Ankle Dislocation ReductionKatrina John, Jeffrey Kile, Amish Aghera105.1 Indications105.2 Contraindications105.3 Materials and Medications105.4 Procedure105.5 Complications105.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading106 ArthrocentesisShalu S. Patel, Bobby K. Desai 106.1 Indications106.2 Contraindications106.3 Materials and Medications106.4 Procedure106.5 Complications106.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading107 Intra-articular InjectionBharat Kothakota, Muhammad Waseem107.1 Indications107.2 Contraindications107.3 Materials and Medications107.4 Procedure107.5 Complications107.6 PearlsSelected Reading108 Sugar-Tong SplintKatrina John, Jeffrey Kile, Amish Aghera108.1 Indications108.2 Contraindications108.3 Materials108.4 Procedure108.5 Complications108.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected ReadingXIV. Obstetric Procedures 109 Fetal Heart Rate MonitoringNate Lisenbee, Joseph A. Tyndall109.1 Indications109.2 Contraindications 109.3 Methods109.4 Equipment and Procedures109.5 ComplicationsReferencesSelected Reading110 Ultrasonography for Ectopic PregnancyL. Connor Nickels110.1 Indications110.2 Contraindications110.3 Materials and Medications110.4 Procedure110.5 Complications110.6 Pearls and Pitfalls ReferenceSelected Reading111 Ultrasonography for Hydatidiform Mole L. Connor Nickels111.1 Indications111.2 Contraindications111.3 Materials and Medications111.4 Procedure111.5 Complications111.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading112 Ultrasonography for Blighted Ovum (Anembryonic Gestation)Katrina Skoog Nguyen, L. Connor Nickels112.1 Indications112.2 Contraindications112.3 Materials and Medications112.4 Procedure 112.5 Complications112.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading113 Ultrasonography for Threatened, Incomplete, or Compete AbortionL. Connor Nickels, Giuliano De Portu113.1 Indications113.2 Contraindications113.3 Materials and Medications113.5 Procedure113.6 Complications113.7 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading114 Ultrasonography for Placenta PreviaL. Connor Nickels, Giuliano De Portu114.1 Indications114.2 Contraindications114.3 Materials and Medications114.4 Procedure114.5 Complications114.6 Pearls and Pitfalls ReferenceSelected Reading115 Vaginal DeliveryUmarfarook Javed Mirza, Christopher Shields, Muhammad Waseem115.1 Indications115.2 Contraindications115.3 Materials and Medications115.4 Procedure115.5 Complications115.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading116 Shoulder Dystocia ManagementIrina Fox Brennan, Joseph A. Tyndall116.1 Indications116.2 Contraindications 116.3 Materials and Medications116.4 Procedure116.5 Complications116.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading117 Breech Delivery in the Emergency DepartmentKristin Stegeman, Sapnalaxmi Amin, Anton A. Wray, Joseph A Tyndall117.1 Indications117.2 Contraindications117.3 Materials and Medications117.4 Procedure117.5 Complications117.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading118 Management of Primary Postpartum HemorrhageMegan Kwasniak, Anton A. Wray, Joseph A. Tyndall118.1 Indications118.2 Contraindications118.3 Materials and Medications118.4 Procedure118.5 Complications 118.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading119 Perimortem Cesarean SectionJordana J. Haber, Elaine B. Josephson, Muhammad Waseem119.1 Indications 119.2 Contraindications119.3 Materials and Medications 119.4 Procedure 119.5 Complications119.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected ReadingXV. Common Pediatric Procedures120 Peripheral Venous Catheterization120.2 Contraindications120.3 Materials and Medications120.4 Procedure120.5 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading121 Umbilical Venous Catheters (Insertion and Removal)Judith K. Lucas121.1 Indications121.2 Contraindications121.3 Materials and Medications121.4 Procedure (Insertion)121.5 Procedure (Removal)121.6 Complications121.7 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading122 Intraosseous AccessJudith K. Lucas122.1 Indications122.2 Contraindications122.3 Materials and Medications122.4 Procedure122.5 Complications122.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading123 Lumbar Puncture in PediatricsMaritza A. Plaza-Verduin, Judith K. Lucas123.1 Indications 123.2 Contraindications123.3 Materials and Medications123.4 Procedure123.5 Complications123.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading124 Suprapubic Bladder AspirationMaritza A. Plaza-Verduin, Judith K. Lucas124.1 Indications124.2 Contraindications124.3 Materials and Medications124.4 Procedure124.5 Complications124.6 Pearls and PitfallsSelected Reading125 Removal of Hair/Thread TourniquetJudith K. Lucas125.1 Indications 125.2 Contraindications125.3 Materials and Medications125.4 Procedures125.5 Complications125.6 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading126 Use of the Broselow TapeJudith K. Lucas126.1 Indications 126.2 Contraindications126.3 Materials126.4 Procedure126.5 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading127 Nursemaid’s Elbow Judith K. Lucas127.1 Definition127.2 Clinical Diagnosis127.3 Indications127.4 Contraindications127.5 Materials and Medications127.6 Procedure127.7 Evaluation After Procedure127.8 Pearls and Pitfalls Selected Reading