Paediatrics at a Glance

Lawrence Miall is Consultant in Neonatal Medicine and Honorary Senior Lecturer, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. Mary Rudolf is Professor of Child Health and Consultant Paediatrician, University of Leeds and Leeds Community Health Care Trust, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK. Dominic Smith is Consultant Paediatrician, Department of Child Health, York Teaching Hospital and Hull York Medical School, York, UK.

Preface viii

Acknowledgements ix

Abbreviations x

How to use your textbook xii

About the companion website xiv

Part 1 Evaluation of the child 1

1 Paediatrics and child health 2

2 The paediatric consultation 4

3 Systems examination 6

4 Development and developmental assessment 12

5 Growth and puberty 16

6 Understanding investigations 20

Part 2 Moving through childhood 27

7 Screening 28

8 Genetics and inherited disorders 31

9 The newborn baby 34

10 Congenital abnormalities 36

11 Common neonatal problems 38

12 The premature baby 40

13 Nutrition in childhood 42

14 Common behaviour concerns 44

15 Child care and school 46

16 Child health promotion 48

17 The immunization schedule 50

Part 3 Growth, endocrine and metabolic 53

18 Weight faltering and failure to thrive 54

19 Short stature and poor growth 56

20 Obesity 58

21 Diabetes 60

Part 4 Cardiovascular disorders 63

22 Congenital heart disease 64

23 Heart problems in older children 66

Part 5 Fever 69

24 Acute fever 70

25 Persistent fever and serious recurrent infections 72

Part 6 Respiratory disorders 75

26 Cough and wheeze 76

27 Stridor 78

28 Swellings in the neck 79

29 Asthma 80

30 Cystic fibrosis 82

Part 7 Abdominal disorders 85

31 Acute abdominal pain 86

32 Vomiting 88

33 Acute diarrhoea and dehydration 90

34 Chronic diarrhoea 92

35 Recurrent abdominal pain 94

36 Constipation 96

Part 8 Urogenital disorders 99

37 Urinary tract infections 100

38 Haematuria and proteinuria 102

39 Bedwetting and daytime wetting 104

40 Swellings in the groin and scrotum 105

Part 9 Neurological disorders 107

41 Developmental delay 108

42 Headache 110

43 Fits, faints and funny turns 112

44 Epilepsy 114

45 Cerebral palsy 116

Part 10 Musculoskeletal disorders 119

46 Swollen joints 120

47 Juvenile idiopathic arthritis 121

48 Leg pain and limp 122

49 Common childhood skeletal problems 123

Part 11 Blood disorders 125

50 Anaemia and thrombocytopenia 126

51 Jaundice 128

52 Leukaemia and childhood cancer 130

Part 12 Skin disorders 133

53 Rashes—types of skin lesions 134

54 Rashes—infancy and congenital 136

55 Rashes—infections and infestations 138

56 Rashes—common inflammatory disorders 140

57 Allergy 142

Part 13 Emergency paediatrics 145

58 Assessing the acutely ill child 146

59 The collapsed child 150

60 The unconscious child 154

61 The fitting child 156

62 Injuries and burns 158

63 Poisoning 159

Part 14 Child health in the community 161

64 Living with a chronic illness 162

65 Living with a disability 164

66 Learning disability and autism 166

67 Visual and hearing impairment 168

68 Neglect and abuse 170

69 Adolescent issues 174

70 Sudden infant death 176

71 Ethics, research and consent 178

72 Palliative and end-of-life care 180

Index 182