Lecture Notes: Urology

A. V. Kaisary, The Royal Free Hospital NHS Trust;

A. Ballaro, Barking, Havering & Redbridge NHS Trust;

K. Pigott, The Royal Free Hospital NHS Trust

Preface, vi

Acknowledgements, vii

Part 1 Meet the patient

1 Assessment of the urological patient: History and examination, 3

2 Assessment of the urological patient: Urinalysisand imaging, 17

Part 2 The kidneys and adrenal gland

3 The kidney: Embryology, developmental errors and cystic disease, 33

4 Kidney trauma, 45

5 Kidney infections and inflammation, 50

6 Urinary tract calculi, 58

7 Kidney neoplasms, 73

8 The renal pelvis and ureter, 92

9 The adrenal gland, 110

Part 3 The bladder and urethra

10 The bladder: Structure, function and investigations, 117

11 Bladder infections and inflammation, 128

12 Disorders of bladder function, 134

13 Bladder cancer, 150

Part 4 The prostate gland

14 Benign disorders of the prostate gland, 169

15 Prostate cancer, 185

Part 5 Male genitalia

16 The urethra, 209

17 The penis, 228

18 The testicle, 245

19 Male infertility, 270

Part 6 Additional therapeutic modalities

20 Radiotherapy, 281

21 Minimally invasive urology, 285

Appendix A: ECOG performance status, 294

Appendix B: TNM classification of malignant tumours, 295

Appendix C: Response evaluation criteria in solid tumours, 297

Appendix D: The Clavien-Dindo classification of surgical complications, 300

Appendix E: Adverse effects of cancer treatment, 302

Appendix F: Urinary catheters, 303

Appendix G: Evidence-based medicine, 308

Multiple choice questions, 309

Answers, 315

Index, 321