Pediatric Urology

Duncan T Wilcox, Professor, Chair, Pediatric Urology, The Children's Hospital, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, USA. Martin A Koyle, Professor of Surgery, University of Toronto; Division Head, Paediatric Urology, Women's Auxiliary Chair in Urology & Regenerative Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Canada. Prasad P Godbole, Consultant Paediatric Urologist and Honorary Senior Lecturer, Clinical Director for Surgery, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust and University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.

Contributors vii

Preface xii

Part I Principles of Surgical Audit

1 How to set up prospective surgical audit 3
Andrew Sinclair and Ben Bridgewater

2 Evaluating personal surgical audit and what to do if your results are not "as expected" 9
Andrew Sinclair and Ben Bridgewater

3 A critical assessment of surgical outcomes 14
Paul Merguerian

4 Implications of a poor surgical outcome 28
Robert Wheeler

Part II General Principles

5 Endocrine and metabolic response to surgery and its management 37
Maurizio Pacilli and Ian E. Willetts

6 Perioperative anesthetic and analgesic risks and complications 48
Mark Thomas Philippa Evans and Finn Nesbitt

Part III Open Surgery of the Upper Urinary Tract

7 Nephrectomy 63
Kathryn Evans and Mark Woodward

8 Partial nephrectomy 69
Jonathan S. Ellison and John M. Park

9 Ureteropelvic junction obstruction 76
Amy Hou and Jenny H. Yiee

10 Complications of antirefl ux surgery 87
Angela M. Arlen Anthony A. Caldamone and Andrew J. Kirsch

11 Ureteral surgery: ureteroureterostomy and transureteroureterostomy 96
Joseph M. Gleason Job K. Chacko and Martin A. Koyle

Part IV Surgery of the Bladder

12 Complications: epispadias and bladder exstrophy 107
Ardavan Akhavan Ahmad Elderwy and Richard Grady

13 Umbilical and urachal anomalies 116
Paul F. Austin

Part V Endoscopic Surgery of the Urinary Tract

14 Cystoscopy and cystoscopic interventions 125
Divyesh Y. Desai and Neil C. Featherstone

15 Interventional procedures of the genitourinary tract 138
Dimitri A. Parra

16 Minimally invasive interventions for stone disease 147
Naima Smeulders and Shabnam Undre

17 General laparoscopy 161
Chris Kimber and Nathalie Webb

18 Complications of laparoscopic surgery of the upper urinary tract 167
Walid A. Farhat and Elias Wehbi

19 Complications of laparoscopic surgery of the lower urinary tract 177
Paul H. Noh

20 Complications of robotic surgery of the urinary tract 182
Kelly A. Swords and Craig A. Peters

Part VI Genitalia

21 Hernia and hydrocele repair 193
Henrik Steinbrecher and Marie-Klaire Farrugia

22 Orchidopexy and orchidectomy 200
Kim A. R. Hutton and Ahmed A. Darwish

23 Laparoscopic orchidopexy 216
Janelle A. Fox Steven G. Docimo and Michael C. Ost

24 Varicocele 234
Ramnath Subramaniam

25 Complications of newborn circumcision: prevention diagnosis and treatment 245
Andrew L. Freedman and Richard S. Hurwitz

26 Surgical complications of hypospadias and their management 259
Warren T. Snodgrass and Nicol C. Bush

27 Phalloplasty for the biological male 270
Piet Hoebeke Nicolaas Lumen and Stan Monstrey

28 Complications of female genital surgery and disorders of sex development I 281
Lina Michala and Sarah M. Creighton

29 Complications of female genital surgery and disorders of sex development II 288
Joao L. Pippi Salle and Rodrigo L. P. Romao

30 Persistent cloaca 298
Stephanie A. Warne

Part VII Renal Impairment Surgery

31 Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis 307
Alun Williams

32 Kidney transplantation 315
Alun Williams

33 Wilms tumor and other renal tumors 325
Mark Tyson and Michael Ritchey

34 Rhabdomyosarcoma and related pelvic tumors of the genitourinary tract 332
Miriam Harel and Fernando Ferrer

35 Testicular tumors 341
Lynn L. Woo and Jonathan H. Ross

Part IX Trauma

36 Genital trauma 355
David J. Chalmers and Vijaya M. Vemulakonda

37 Urinary tract trauma 364
W. Robert DeFoor Jr Ashok Rijhwani and Eugene Minevich

Part X Surgery for Urinary Incontinence

38 Augmentation cystoplasty and diversion 377
Blake W. Palmer and Bradley P. Kropp

39 Appendicovesicostomy and ileovesicostomy 384
Martin Kaefer

40 Surgery for fecal incontinence 398
Elizabeth Malm-Buatsi and Dominic Frimberger

41 Surgical problems in transitional care 404
Dan Wood

Index 413