Clinical Guide to Cardiology

Christian Camm Clinical Fellow of Cardiology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK Christian Camm is a graduate from both the University of Cambridge and University of Oxford. Having successfully completed his examination for Membership of the Royal College of Physicians, he currently works as an Academic Clinical Fellow in Cardiology at the John Radcliffe Hospital in Oxford. A. John Camm Professor of Clinical Cardiology, St George's Hospital, London, UK Professor Camm graduated from Guy's Hospital, London and went on to pursue his career in cardiology at St Bartholomew's Hospital and then St George's Hospital, London where he is currently Chairman of the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and the Division of Cardiological Sciences. He is also Convenor of Medicine, University of London, Trustee of the International Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology and President of the Arrhythmia Alliance. Professor Camm is recognised at internationally for his excellent research and teaching, his particular interests being cardiac electrophysiology, cardiac arrhythmias and implantable devices for rhythm control.

Contributors, vii

Acronyms and Abbreviations, viii

About the Companion Website, xiv

PART 1 Examination Techniques, 1

1. Examination Techniques, 3

PART 2 Approach to Presenting Complaints, 11

2. Chest Pain, 13

3. Shortness of Breath, 28

4. Loss of Consciousness, 47

5. Palpitations, 62

6. Cardiac Murmurs, 72

7. Shock, 92

8. Oedema, 106

PART 3 Conditions, 117

9. Acute Coronary Syndrome, 119

10. Stable Angina, 138

11. Heart Failure, 147

12. Infective Endocarditis, 160

13. Arrhythmias, 172

14. Valvular Heart Disease, 193

15. Cardiomyopathy, 214

16. Hypertension, 232

17. Pericardial Disease, 245

18. Congenital Heart Disease, 261

PART 4 Imaging, 277

19. Electrocardiogram, 279

20. Transoesophageal Echocardiogram, 293

21. Trans-Thoracic Echocardiogram, 299

22. Cardiac MRI, 306

23. Cardiac CT, 313

24. Cardiac Catheterization, 320

PART 5 Interventional Therapies, 327

25. Pacemakers and Implantable Cardiac Defibrillators, 329

26. Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and Angioplasty, 338

27. Valvuloplasty, 348

28. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation, 352

29. Cardiac Ablation, 359

PART 6 Pharmacology, 365

30. Anti-Arrhythmic Agents, 367

31. Beta-Blockers, 375

32. Calcium-Channel Blockers, 380

33. Nitrates, 385

34. Drugs Targeting the Angiotensin Axis, 389

35. Diuretics, 393

36. Anticoagulants, 399

37. Antiplatelets, 409

38. Lipid Regulation, 414

Index, 417