Smart Homes (eBook)

Preface 7
Contents 8
Introduction 12
1.1 Background 14
1.2 Major Objective of the Research 15
1.3 Determining Wellness of an Elderly Person 15
1.4 Scope of the Research 16
1.5 Research Direction 17
1.6 Novel Contribution of the Research 17
1.7 Research Significance 18
1.8 Outline of the Book 18
References 19
Smart Home Related Research 21
2.1 Introduction 21
2.2 Elderly People and Independent Living 22
2.3 Smart Home Systems 25
2.4 Components of the Smart Home Systems 26
2.4.1 Physical Components 27
2.4.2 Communication Mechanism 28
2.4.3 Information Processing 29
2.5 Comparisons of Smart Home Systems 29
2.6 Review of Methodologies on ADL Recognition in SHMS 38
2.7 Smart Homes Technologies Users 48
2.8 Advantages of a Smart Home Technology 48
2.9 Current Limitations of Smart Home Technologies 48
2.10 Impact of Smart Homes Technologies on Societies 50
2.11 Smart Systems and Internet of Things (IoT) 51
2.12 Applications of IoT 51
2.13 Chapter Summary 53
References 54
Design and Deployment of WSN in a HomeEnvironment and Real-Time Data Fusion 62
3.1 Introduction 62
3.2 Description of the Wireless Sensing Systems 63
3.3 Wireless Sensing Systems for Household ObjectsMonitoring and Control 65
3.3.1 Type #1 Electrical Household Objects Monitoring andControl Sensing System 65
3.3.2 Type #2 Non-electrical Objects Sensing System 74
3.3.3 Type #3 Contact Sensing System for Domestic Objects 75
3.3.4 Type #4 PIR Sensing System for Movements Monitoring 75
3.3.5 Type #5 Environmental Parameters Monitoring SensingSystem 76
3.3.6 Type #6 Physiological Parameters Monitoring System 78
3.3.7 Human Emotion Recognition System 79
3.4 Networking Wireless Sensing Systems 80
3.4.1 Advantages of XBee Modules 80
3.5 Topologies of Wireless Sensing System 81
3.6 Placement of Different Sensing Systems in a Home 82
3.7 Required Number of Sensing Systems at an Elderly PersonHome 84
3.8 Computer Based Data Acquisition Systems 86
3.9 Real-Time Heterogeneous Sensor Data Fusion 87
3.10 Software System for Sensor Data Acquisition 89
3.11 WSN Data Storage Mechanism 90
3.12 Query Processing Mechanism for the WSN Data Stream 91
3.13 IoT Framework 94
3.14 Results 95
3.15 Troubleshooting with XBee Modules 112
3.16 Limitations of the Developed Wireless Sensing Systems 113
3.17 Sensor Data Analytics for Wellness Determination of anElderly Person 113
3.18 Chapter Summary 116
References 116
ADLs Recognition of an Elderly Person andWellness Determination 120
4.1 Introduction 120
4.2 Design of ADLs Recognition System 121
4.3 ADLs Annotation 123
4.3.1 ADL Sub-Activities (Chores) Identification 124
4.3.2 Delta Smoothing for Sub-Activities Identification 128
4.4 Wellness Determination of an Elderly PersonBased on the Usages of Household Appliances 129
4.4.1 Wellness Function #1 130
4.4.2 Wellness Function #2 131
4.4.3 Need for Dynamic Wellness Functions 131
4.4.4 Improved Wellness Function #1 132
4.4.5 Improved Wellness Function #2 133
4.4.6 Maximum Inactive and Excess Active Usage Durations (T, Tn) 134
4.5 Results and Analysis 135
4.6 Chapter Summary 143
References 144
Forecasting the Behaviour of an Elderly PersonUsing WSN Data 147
5.1 Introduction 147
5.2 Time Series Modeling and Forecasting 148
5.3 Seasonal Decomposition 150
5.4 Deriving Trend Using Modified Double ExponentialSmoothing Process 151
5.5 Behaviour Detection 151
5.6 Results and Analysis 152
5.7 Chapter Summary 162
References 163
Sensor Activity Pattern (SAP) Matching Processand Outlier Detection 166
6.1 Introduction 166
6.2 Sensor Activity Pattern (SAP) Algorithm 169
6.2.1 Notations and Definitions of the SAP Algorithm 169
6.3 Results and Analysis 171
6.4 Sensor Activity for ADL Pattern Discovery 176
6.5 Outlier Detection 178
6.6 Chapter Summary 179
References 179
Conclusions 183