Fine Particulate Pollution (eBook)
122 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-1-4831-6370-3 (ISBN)
Dr. Sam Stuart is a physiotherapist and a research Fellow within the Balance Disorders Laboratory, OHSU. His work focuses on vision, cognition and gait in neurological disorders, examining how technology-based interventions influence these factors. He has published extensively in world leading clinical and engineering journals focusing on a broad range of activities such as real-world data analytics, algorithm development for wearable technology and provided expert opinion on technology for concussion assessment for robust player management. He is currently a guest editor for special issues (sports medicine and transcranial direct current stimulation for motor rehabilitation) within Physiological Measurement and Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, respectively.
Fine Particulate Pollution deals with the state of knowledge and the status of technology relating to pollution caused by fine particulates. The topics span all scientific and technical disciplines associated with atmospheric fine particulate pollution, including the definition of fine particulates, health effects, measurement, and sources, along with transport and transformation, control technology, regulations, economics, and research. This book is divided into six sections and begins with an overview of the chemical and physical characteristics of fine particles such as particle size, shape, morphology, chemical composition, resistivity, and electric charge. Subsequent sections examine the health and environmental effects of particulate pollutants; emission sources and control of fine particulate air pollution; chemical and physical reactions, transport, and fate of fine particulate pollutants; and sampling, monitoring, and measurement of fine particulate pollutants. The final section looks at regulations for fine particles in countries such as Austria, Germany, France, Switzerland, United Kingdom, and the United States. This monograph will be of interest to environmentalists as well as environmental policymakers and government officials concerned with air pollution control.
Front Cover 1
Fine Particulate Pollution 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
Foreword 10
List of Illustrations 12
List of Tables 14
Section I: Chemical and Physical Characteristics of Fine Particles 16
Overview 16
A. Characteristics 16
1. Particle Size 16
2. Particle State 17
3. Particle Shape and Morphology 19
4. Chemical Composition of Fine Particles 19
5. Concentration of Fine Particles 20
6. Resistivity and Electric Charge of Particles 20
References 22
Additional Sources 23
Section II: Health and Environmental Effects of Particulate Pollutants 24
Overview 24
A. Effects on Health 24
1. Lung Dynamics and Airborne Particulate Matter 24
2. Experimental Biological Effects of Particulate Air Pollutants 27
3. Epidemiological Impact of Particulate Air Pollutants 31
Chapter B. Environmental Effects other than Health 33
References 34
Section III: Emission Sources and Control of Fine Particulate Air Pollution 36
Overview 36
A. Sources of Fine Particles and Their Control 39
1. Sources, Quantities, and Particle Size 39
B. Control Technology Collection Capabilities 39
C. New Concepts on Particle Collection 49
D. Problems of Costing Fine Particulate Control Systems 52
E. Major Research and Development Needs and Recommendations 57
References 60
Section IV: Chemical and Physical Reactions, Transport and Fate of Fine Particulate Pollutants 62
Overview 62
A. The Formation of Fine Particulates 63
B. The Behavior of Fine Particulates in the Atmosphere 64
C. Removal of Fine Particulates from the Atmosphere 69
D. Transport of Fine Particulates in the Atmosphere 72
References 74
Section V: Sampling, Monitoring and Measuring of Fine Particulate Air Pollutants 76
Overview 76
A. Particle Counting 77
B. In Situ Physical/Chemical Measurement 81
C. Sampling for Mass Determination and/or Subsequent Chemical and Physical Analysis 82
D. Physical and Chemical Methods for Particle Characterization 83
1. Sampling 83
2. Identification 83
3. Water–soluble Compounds 85
4. Crystal Structure Analysis 85
5. Morphology 86
E. Synopsis of Recent Development 86
F. Cost of Particle Sampling and Analysis 87
1. Cost Comparison of Simple Systems for the Determination of Particle Concentrations 87
2. Cost as a Function of Reproducibility 87
3. Cost Comparison of Complicated Systems for the Determination of Fiber Concentration in Air 87
References 92
Additional Sources for Costs 93
Section VI: Regulations 94
Overview 94
A. Existing and Planned Regulations for Fine Particles 95
1. Austria 95
2. Belgium 96
3. Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) 97
4. Finland 96
5. France 97
6. Hungary 97
7. Italy 97
8. Norway 98
9. Poland 98
10. Sweden 99
11. Switzerland 99
12. Turkey 99
13. United Kingdom 99
14. United States 100
B. Summary 101
1. Total Versus Fine Particulate 101
2. Specific Chemical Composition 102
References 103
Additional Sources 103
Erscheint lt. Verlag | 3.9.2013 |
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Sprache | englisch |
Themenwelt | Medizin / Pharmazie ► Gesundheitsfachberufe |
Studium ► 2. Studienabschnitt (Klinik) ► Rechtsmedizin | |
Studium ► Querschnittsbereiche ► Prävention / Gesundheitsförderung | |
Wirtschaft ► Betriebswirtschaft / Management ► Finanzierung | |
ISBN-10 | 1-4831-6370-9 / 1483163709 |
ISBN-13 | 978-1-4831-6370-3 / 9781483163703 |
Haben Sie eine Frage zum Produkt? |
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