CDC Health Information for International Travel 2016

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is a United States federal agency under the Department of Health and Human Services headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. Gary W. Brunette, MD, MS, is Chief of the Travelers' Health Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Editor in Chief Gary W. Brunette, MD, MS Chief Medical Editor Phyllis E. Kozarsky, MD Medical Editors Nicole J. Cohen, MD, MS Mark D. Gershman, MD Alan J. Magill, MD Stephen M. Ostroff, MD Edward T. Ryan, MD David R. Shlim, MD Michelle Weinberg, MD, MPH Mary Elizabeth Wilson, MD Managing Editor Megan Crawley O'Sullivan, MPH Technical Editor Ronnie Henry

Chapter 1-Introduction ; Introduction to Travel Health and the Yellow Book ; Planning for Healthy Travel: CDC Travelers' Health Website and Mobile Applications ; Travel Epidemiology ; Perspectives: The Role of the Traveler in Translocation of Disease ; Perspectives: Why Guidelines Differ ; Chapter 2-The Pre-Travel Consultation ; The Pre-Travel Consultation ; Perspectives: Travelers' Perception of Risk ; Perspectives: Prioritizing for the Resource-Limited Traveler ; Perspectives: Cost Analysis of Travel Medicine ; General Recommendations for Vaccination and Immunoprophylaxis ; Drug-Vaccine and Drug-Drug Interactions ; Perspectives: Fear of Vaccines ; Self-Treatable Conditions ; Travelers' Diarrhea ; History of the Definition and Management of Travelers' Diarrhea ; Altitude Illness ; History of Recognition and Management of Altitude Illness ; Jet Lag ; Motion Sickness ; Respiratory Infections ; Counseling and Advice for Travelers ; Food and Water Precautions ; Perspectives: Prevention of Travelers' Diarrhea-It's Not Only WHAT You Eat and Drink ; Water Disinfection for Travelers ; Food Poisoning from Marine Toxins ; Protection against Mosquitoes, Ticks, and Other Arthropods ; Sun Exposure ; Problems with Heat and Cold ; Injury Prevention ; Safety & Securty ; Animal-Associated Hazards ; Natural Disasters ; Environmental Hazards ; Scuba Diving ; Medical Tourism ; Discussing Complementary or Alternative Health Approaches with Travelers ; Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism ; Mental Health ; Travel Health Kits ; Perspectives: Pharmaceutical Quality and Counterfeit Drugs ; Obtaining Health Care Abroad for the Ill Traveler ; Travel Health Insurance and Evacuation Insurance ; Chapter 3-Infectious Diseases Related to Travel ; Amebiasis ; Angiostrongyliasis (Angiostrongylus cantonensis Infection, Neurologic Angiostrongyliasis) ; Anthrax ; B virus ; Bartonella-Associated Infections ; Brucellosis ; Campylobacter Enteritis ; Chikungunya ; Cholera ; Coccidioidomycosis ; Cryptosporidiosis ; Cutaneous Larva Migrans ; Cyclosporiasis ; Cysticercosis ; Dengue Fever and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever ; Diphtheria ; Echinococcosis ; Escherichia coli ; Fascioliasis ; Filariasis, Lymphatic ; Giardiasis ; Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease ; Helicobacter pylori ; Helminths, Intestinal ; Hepatitis A ; Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis C ; Hepatitis E ; Histoplasmosis ; HIV and AIDS ; Influenza (Seasonal, Zoonotic, and Pandemic) ; Japanese Encephalitis ; Legionellosis (Legionnaires' Disease and Pontiac Fever) ; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous ; Leishmaniasis, Visceral ; Leptospirosis ; Lyme Disease ; Malaria ; History of Malaria Chemoprophylaxis ; Measles (Rubeola) ; Melioidosis ; Meningococcal Disease ; Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) ; Mumps ; Norovirus ; Onchocerciasis (River Blindness) ; Pertussis ; Pinworm (Enterobiasis, Oxyuriasis, Threadworm) ; Plague (Bubonic, Pneumonic, Septicemic) ; Pneumococcal Disease (Streptococcus pneumoniae) ; Poliomyelitis ; For the Record: A History of Polio Eradication Efforts ; Q Fever ; Rabies ; Perspectives: Intradermal Rabies Vaccine ; Rickettsial (Spotted and Typhus Fevers) and Related Infections (Anaplasmosis and Ehrlichiosis) ; Rubella ; Salmonella (Nontyphoidal) ; Scabies (Sarcoptic Itch, Sarcoptic Acariasis) ; Schistosomiasis ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Perspectives: Sex Tourism ; Shigellosis ; Smallpox and Other Orthopoxvirus-Associated Infections ; Strongyloidiasis ; Taeniasis ; Tetanus ; Tickborne Encephalitis ; Toxoplasmosis ; Trypanosomiasis, African (Human African Trypanosomiasis, African Sleeping Sickness) ; Trypanosomiasis, American (Chagas Disease) ; Tuberculosis ; Perspectives: Tuberculin Skin Testing of Travelers ; Typhoid and Paratyphoid Fever ; Varicella (Chickenpox) ; Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers ; Yellow Fever ; History of Yellow Fever Vaccine Requirements ; Yersiniosis ; Zika Virus ; Yellow Fever and Malaria Information, by Country ; Chapter 4-Select Destinations ; Rationale for Select Destinations ; Africa ; East Africa: Safaris ; South Africa ; Tanzania: Kilimanjaro ; Americas and The Caribbean ; Brazil ; Dominican Republic ; Haiti ; Mexico ; Peru: Cuzco-Machu Picchu ; Asia ; Cambodia ; China ; India ; Nepal ; Thailand ; Vietnam ; Middle East and North Africa ; Egypt and Nile River Cruises ; Saudi Arabia: Hajj Pilgrimage ; Chapter 5-Post-Travel Evaluation ; General Approach to the Returned Traveler ; Fever in Returned Travelers ; Persistent Travelers' Diarrhea ; Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in Returned Travelers ; Asymptomatic Post-Travel Screening ; Chapter 6-Conveyance and Transportation Issues ; Air Travel ; Cruise Ship Travel ; Perspectives: What to Expect when Traveling during an International Outbreak ; Death during Travel ; Taking Animals and Animal Products across International Borders ; Chapter 7-International Travel with Infants and Children ; Traveling Safely with Infants and Children ; Vaccine Recommendations for Infants and Children ; Travel and Breastfeeding ; International Adoption ; Chapter 8-Advising Travelers with Specific Needs ; Travelers with Chronic Illnesses ; Pregnant Travelers ; Travelers with Disabilities ; Immigrants Returning Home To Visit Friends and Relatives (VFRs) ; Health Care Workers ; Advice for Air Crews ; Humanitarian Aid Workers ; Long-Term Travelers and Expatriates ; Perspectives: Long-term Travel and Malaria Prophylaxis ; Last-Minute Travelers ; Special Considerations for US Military Deployments ; Study Abroad ; Travel to Mass Gatherings ; Newly Arrived Immigrants and Refugees ; Immunocompromised Travelers ; Appendices ; Appendix A: Promoting Quality in the Practice of Travel Medicine ; Appendix B: Travel Vaccine Summary Table ; Appendix C: Migrant Health Resources