Pharmacology for Student and Pupil Nurses and Student Pharmacy Technicians (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Pharmacology for Student and Pupil Nurses and Student Pharmacy Technicians 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
INTRODUCTION 10
ACKNO WLEDGMENTS 14
Chapter 1. HOW DRUGS ARE ADMINISTERED 16
THE ORAL ROUTE 16
THE INJECTION ROUTE 18
THE RECTAL ROUTE 20
Chapter 2. THE METRIC SYSTEM 22
The Decimal System 22
Volume 24
Chapter 3. ANTACIDS AND GASTRIC SEDATIVES 25
Anticholinergic drugs 26
CARMINATIVES 28
EMETICS 29
ANTI-EMETICS 30
Chapter 4. LAXATIVES AND ANTIDIARRHOEAL DRUGS 32
The Lubricating Laxatives 32
Castor Oil 35
Peristaltic Stimulation by Parenteral Injection 36
ANTIDIARRHOEAL DRUGS 37
Chapter 5. DIURETICS 39
Osmosis 40
The Saline Diuretics 41
Drugs Used in Urinary Retention 45
KIDNEY IMPAIRMENT OR FAILURE 45
ANTI-DIURETICS 48
DRUGS USED IN THE TREATMENT OF ENURESIS 49
Chapter 6. INTRAVENOUS INFUSIONS 51
Electrolyte solutions 51
Compound electrolyte solutions 52
Blood and Plasma 53
Intravenous nutrition 55
Chapter 7. CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS 58
Drugs used in Angina Pectoris 61
DRUGS USED IN HYPERTENSION 62
OTHER VASODILATORS 65
VASOCONSTRICTORS 66
DRUGS USED IN CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS 67
DRUGS USED IN CARDIAC ARREST 69
Chapter 8. DRUGS WHICH AFFECT THE BLOOD 71
Iron-deficiency anaemia 71
Pernicious anaemia 73
THE BLOOD-CLOT SEQUENCE 75
HAEMOSTATICS 75
ANTICOAGULANTS 77
Chapter 9. THE VITAMINS 81
Vitamin A 81
Vitamin D 82
The Vitamin . Group 82
Vitamin C 84
The parenteral use of the vitamin . group and vitamin C 85
Vitamin . 85
Vitamin . 86
Chapter 10. DRUGS USED FOR THEIR EFFECT ON THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 88
EXPECTORANTS 88
COUGH SEDATIVES 89
BRONCHODILATORS AND ANTISPASMODICS 90
RESPIRATORY STIMULANTS 92
OXYGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE 93
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 95
Chapter 11. ...NOTICS AND SEDATIVES 96
HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES 96
ANTICONVULSANTS 99
TRANQUILLIZERS 101
ANTIHISTAMINES 104
THE AMPHETAMINES 106
MUSCLE RELAXANTS 109
CHOLINERGIC DRUGS 109
DRUGS ACTING ON THE UTERUS 111
Chapter 12. ANALGESICS 112
The Mild Analgesics 112
Analgesics with Intermediate Effect 113
ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUGS 116
Drugs used in the treatment of Gout 119
Chapter 13. ANAESTHETICS 120
GENERAL ANAESTHETICS 120
LOCAL ANAESTHETICS 122
Chapter 14. DRUGS USED IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTION 125
Chemotherapeutic Drugs used in Tuberculosis 129
Alternative Chemotherapeutic Drugs used in Tuberculosis 131
Other Applications of Chemotherapy 131
ANTIBIOTICS 132
The new Semi-Synthetic Penicillins 134
Streptomycin and other Antibiotics used in Tuberculosis 136
Alternative Antibiotics to Streptomycin in the treatment of Tuberculosis 137
The Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics 137
Chloramphenicol 139
Other Antibiotics 139
Chapter 15. ANTHELMINTICS 146
ANTHELMINTICS 146
DRUGS USED IN TROPICAL DISEASES 148
Chapter 16. SERA AND VACCINES 160
SERA 160
VACCINES 161
Chapter 17. ANTISEPTICS AND DISINFECTANTS 164
Chapter 18. DRUGS USED IN ENDOCRINE THERAPY 172
THE PITUITARY GLAND 173
THE THYROID GLAND 175
THE PARATHYROID GLANDS 177
INSULIN 177
THE ADRENAL GLAND PREPARATIONS 182
THE SEX HORMONES 189
Chapter 19. DRUGS USED IN THE TREATMENT OF MALIGNANT DISEASE—THE CYTOTOXICS 197
ANTIMITOTICS 198
ANTIMETABOLITES 200
Chapter 20. DRUGS USED BY LOCAL APPLICATION 201
Drugs used—in the EYE 201
in the EAR 205
in the NOSE 205
in the MOUTH 206
in the THROAT 206
in the RESPIRATORY TRACT 207
in the ANUS and RECTUM 207
in the URETHRA and BLADDER 207
in the VAGINA 208
on the SKIN 208
Counter-irritants, Antipruritics and Rubefacients 210
Chapter 21. DRUGS USED IN DIAGNOSIS 212
GENERAL 212
REAGENTS USED IN THE EXAMINATION OF URINE 217
CONTRAST MEDIA 220
Chapter 22. ''WATER'' AND "SPIRIT" 224
WATER 224
SPIRIT 227
Chapter 23. WARD MEDICINE ROUTINE 229
Requisitioning 229
Storage 230
Administration 231
Abbreviations used in prescribing 233
Chapter 24. POISONS REGULATIONS 235
Scheduled Poisons 235
Dangerous Drugs 236
Chapter 25. CALCULATONS 240
Percentage 240
Percentage in Small Volumes 242
Injection Calculations 244
Temperature 245