Biochemical Immunological Pharmacology (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Biochemical Immunological Pharmacology 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
Introduction 8
PART 1: INVITED LECTURE 10
Chapte 1. The Effect of Drugs on Immunological Control Mechanisms 12
ABSTRACT 12
KEYWORDS 12
INTRODUCTION 13
A. DIRECT ENHANCEMENT OF LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVITY 15
B.ACTION OF SUPPRESSOR MECHANISMS 19
REFERENCES 24
Chapte 2. The Pharmacology of Specific, Pure and Potent Serotonin 5-HT2 or S2-Antagonists 30
ABSTRACT 30
KEYWORDS 30
INTRODUCTION 30
THE PHARMACOLOGICAL PROFILE OF KETANSERIN AND ITS ANALOGUES 31
CLINICAL RESPONSES TO KETANSERIN 38
CONCLUSIONS 41
REFERENCES 42
Chapte 3. The Pharmacology of Phospholipases A2 Isolated from Snake Venoms, with Particular Reference to Their Effects on Neuromuscular Transmission 46
ABSTRACT 46
KEYWORDS 46
INTRODUCTION 47
LETHALITY AND CAUSE OF DEATH 48
EFFECTS ON NEUROMUSCULAR TRANSMISSION IN SKELETAL MUSCLE 49
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 58
REFERENCES 58
Chapte 4. Leukotrienes: A New Group of Biologically Active Compounds 64
ABSTRACT 64
KEYWORDS 64
INTRODUCTION 64
DISCOVERY OF LEUKOTRIENES 65
STRUCTURE OF SRS-A 69
NOMENCLATURE 73
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF LEUKOTRIENES 75
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 82
REFERENCES 82
Chapte 5. The Guanine Nucleotide-binding Regulatory Component of Adenylate Cyclase 88
ABSTRACT 88
KEYWORDS 88
INTRODUCTION 88
RESULTS 89
CONCLUSIONS AND SUMMARY 102
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 103
REFERENCES 103
Chapte 6. Pharmacological and Toxicological Implications of Multiple Cytochromes P-450 108
ABSTRACT 108
KEYWORDS 108
SPECIFICITY IN THE REGULATION OF MONOOXYGENASE ACTIVITY IN RAT LIVER MICROSOMES 108
ISOLATION OF MULTIPLE CYTOCHROMES P-450 110
EFFECTS OF ENZYME INDUCTION ON THE TOXICITY OF CHEMICALS 113
EFFECT OF ENZYME INDUCTION ON THE METABOLISM OF STEROIDS AND OTHER ENDOGENOUS SUBSTRATES 114
CIGARETTE SMOKING AND THE BIOTRANSFORMATION OF CHEMICALS IN MAN 115
DIET AND THE BIOTRANSFORMATION OF CHEMICALS IN MAN 117
MULTIPLE MONOOXYGENASES IN HUMAN LIVER 117
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 120
REFERENCES 120
Chapte 7. The Impact of the Emerging Biotechnologies on Pharmacology 130
ABSTRACT 130
KEYWORDS 130
MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES 131
MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES AND PHARMACOLOGY 133
RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY 133
RECOMBINANT DNA AND PHARMACOLOGY 135
REFERENCES 140
PART 2: SYMPOSIUM 144
Chapte 8. Action of Antipsychotics on LSD-induced Neurochemical and Behavioural Effects in Rats 146
ABSTRACT 146
KEYWORDS 146
INTRODUCTION 146
METHODS 147
BEHAVIOURAL STUDIES 147
NEUROCHEMICAL STUDIES 150
CONCLUSIONS 153
REFERENCES 153
Chapte 9. Calmodulin and Dopamine Receptor Regulation 156
ABSTRACT 156
KEYWORDS 156
INTRODUCTION 156
CONCLUSION 162
REFERENCES 163
Chapte 10. Effect of Histamine and Related Compounds on the Immune Response 168
ABSTRACT 168
KEYWORDS 168
INTRODUCTION 168
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 177
REFERENCES 177
Chapte 11. Inflammatory Mediators Derived from the Complement System 180
ABSTRACT 180
KEYWORDS 180
INTRODUCTION 180
METHODS OF MEASURING OEDEMA FORMATION 181
PROSTAGLANDINS 181
COMPLEMENT 182
LEUKOCYTES 184
CONCLUSION 186
REFERENCES 187
Chapte 12. Studies on the Mechanism of Action of D-Penicillamine in Rheumatoid Arthritis 190
ABSTRACT 190
KEYWORDS 190
INTRODUCTION 191
METHODS 191
RESULTS 192
DISCUSSION 197
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 198
REFERENCES 198
Chapte 13. Pain and Inflammation: a New Concept 202
ABSTRACT 202
KEY WORDS 202
INTRODUCTION 202
METHODS AND RESULTS 204
DISCUSSION 204
REFERENCES 204
Chapte 14. Glucocorticoids as Anti-inflammatory Agents 206
ABSTRACT 206
KEYWORDS 206
INTRODUCTION 206
THE INHIBITION OF PG RELEASE 207
THE ANTI-PHOSPHOLIPASE EFFECT 207
THE GENE EXPRESSION HYPOTHESIS 208
THE SECOND MESSENGER HYPOTHESIS 209
CONCLUSION 210
REFERENCES 211
Chapte 15. Inhibition of Inflammatory Action of Leukotriene C and D and PGE by Glucocorticoids 214
ABSTRACT 214
KEYWORDS 214
INTRODUCTION 215
POSITIVE CORRELATION OF C0RTIC0ID-INDUCED SUPPRESSION OF PGE WITH SUPPRESSION OF EXUDATIVE PROCESS 215
DIRECT BLOCKADE BY DEXAMETHSONE OF INFLAMMATORY ACTIONS OF PGE, LTC AND LTD 216
COMPARISON OF THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF DEXAMETHASONE WITH THOSE OF BW755C 217
CONCLUSION 218
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 218
REFERENCES 218
Chapte 16. Prostacyclin and Its Therapeutic Potential 224
ABSTRACT 224
KEY WORDS 224
REFERENCES 233
Chapte 17. Regulation of Prostacyclin (PGI2) Release into Circulation 244
ABSTRACT 244
KEY WORDS 244
INTRODUCTION 245
MATERIAL AND METHODS 246
RESULTS 247
DISCUSSION 252
REFERENCES 256
Chapte 18. Antithrombotic Action of Prostaglandins: Different Roles of Prostacyclin and PGD2 260
ABSTRACT 260
KEYWORDS 260
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 268
REFERENCES 268
Chapte 19. Chemical Hazards to Man: General Considerations 270
Chapte 20. Acute and Chronic Changes in the Nigrostriatal Loop After Treatment with Antipsychotic Drugs 278
ABSTRACT 278
KEYWORDS 278
INTRODUCTION 278
ROLE OF GABA TRANSMISSION IN SUBSTANTIA NIGRA 279
INHIBITION OF STRIATONIGRAL GABA NEURONS BY INTRASTRIATAL GABA TRANSMISSION 281
ALTERATIONS INDUCED BY CHRONIC ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG TREATMENT 282
CHRONIC LOSS OF STRIATAL DA TRANSMISSION: RECIPROCAL EFFECTS ON STRIATAL AND NIGRAL GABA TURNOVER 283
CHRONIC ANTIPSYCHOTIC TREATMENT CAUSES AN INCREASE IN GABA RECEPTOR DENSITY IN SN 284
SUPERSENSITIVITY OF NIGRAL GABA RECEPTORS FOLLOWING CHRONIC LOSS OF STRIATAL DA TRANSMISSION: BEHAVIORAL STUDIES WITH INTRANIGRAL MUSCIM0L 285
CONCLUSIONS 287
REFERENCES 288
Index 274