Opiate Receptors and the Neurochemical Correlates of Pain (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Opiate Receptors and the Neurochemical Correlates of Pain 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
PREFACE 8
PART I: OPIATE RECEPTORS 10
CHAPTER 1. OPIATE-A RECEPTORS RELATE TO CHOLINERGIC AND OPIATE-B RECEPTORS TO CATECHOLAMINERGIC NEURONS 12
REFERENCES 21
CHAPTER 2. BEHAVIORAL AND BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON AZIDOMORPHINES. I.BEHAVIORAL ACTIONS AND ANTAGONISM OF ABSTINENCE SYNDROMES 24
Methods and materials 25
Results 25
Discussion 28
Summary 29
References 30
CHAPTER 3. BEHAVIORAL AND BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON AZIDOMORPHINES. II.ACTION ON OPIATE AND CATECHOLAMINE RECEPTORS 32
Methods and materials 32
Results 32
Discussion 34
Summary 36
References 36
CHAPTER 4. A NEW MODEL FOR THE STUDY OF OPIATE . RECEPTORS: ISOLATED SPLENIC STRIPS OF THE CAT 38
Introduction 38
Materials and methods 38
Results 39
Discussion 40
Summary 41
References 41
CHAPTER 5. CLASSIFICATION OF MULTIPLE OPIATE RECEPTORS INVOLVED IN DIFFERENT ANIMAL TESTS 42
Introduction 42
Materials and methods 42
Analgesia 43
Materials 43
RESULTS 43
DISCUSSION 48
SUMMARY 50
REFERENCES 51
CHAPTER 6. THE EFFECTS OF AZIDOMORPHINES ON THE OPIATE RECEPTOR(S) OFGUINEA-PIG ILEUM 54
INTRODUCTION 54
METHODS 54
RESULTS 57
DISCUSSION 58
REFERENCES 60
CHAPTER 7. IN VITRO STUDIES ON THE OPIATE RECEPTOR AFFINITY OF FENTANYL ANALOGUES 62
INTRODUCTION 62
MATERIALS AND METHODS 62
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 62
SUMMARY 66
REFERENCES 66
CHAPTER 8. OPIATE RECEPTORS IN THE BRAIN OF MOLLUSCS(ANODONTA CYGNEA, HELIX POMATIA) 68
Introduction 68
Methods 68
Results 69
Discussion 73
Summary 74
References 74
PART II: OPIOID PEPTIDES 76
CHAPTER 9. BRAIN AND PITUITARY OPIOID PEPTIDES: PHARMACOLOGICAL MANIPULATION OF CONTENT AND RELEASE 78
Release of enkephalins from rat striatum in vitro 78
Release of ß-endorphin from rat hypothalamus and pituitary in vitro 81
Changes of endorphin content and release in vivo 82
Effects of chronic drug treatment 83
REFERENCES 85
CHAPTER 10. IN VIVO ACTIVE ENKEPHALIN ANALOGUES: STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS 88
SUMMARY 98
REFERENCES 99
CHAPTER 11. STUDY ON THE NEUROLEPTIC ACTIVITY OF ENDORPHINS 102
INTRODUCTION 102
MATERIALS AND METHODS 103
RESULTS 104
DISCUSSION 107
SUMMARY 108
REFERENCES 108
CHAPTER 12. BEHAVIOURAL EFFECTS OF A POTENT MORPHINE-LIKE PENTAPEPTIDE:(D-MET2, PR05)-ENKEPHALINAMIDE 110
Introduction 110
Materials and Methods 110
Results 112
Discussion 115
Summary 117
References 117
CHAPTER 13. THE INFLUENCE OF SOME PEPTIDES ON MORPHINE ANALGETIC EFFECT 118
Introduction 118
Methods 119
Residts and discussion 120
Summary 122
References 122
CHAPTER 14. ARE PLASMA LEVELS OF ß-ENDORPHIN CORRELATED WITH ADAPTATIONOF HUMANS TO STRESS SITUATIONS 124
Introduction 124
Materials and Methods 124
Results 125
Discussion 126
Summary 127
References 127
CHAPTER 15. INVOLVEMENT OF THE OPIOID PEPTIDERGIC SYSTEM IN BIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF ADAPTIVE SIGNIFICANCE 130
ABSTRACT 130
INTRODUCTION 130
REFERENCES 135
CHAPTER 16. NALOXONE ENHANCES PERISTALSIS IN THE GUINEA PIG SMALL IN TESTINE IN VITRO. INFLUENCE ON DIFFERENT PARAMETERS OFPERISTAESIS 138
Introduction 138
Materials and methods 138
Results and discussion 139
Summary 141
References 141
Acknowledgement 141
PART III: FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ACTIONS OF OPIATES 142
CHAPTER 17. NEUROCHEMICAL BASIS OF ANALGESIA 144
INTRODUCTION 144
EXPERIMENTAL 146
GENERAL DISCUSSION 155
REFERENCES 157
CHAPTER 18. CALCIUM INTERACTIONS IN OPIATE ANALGESIA, TOLERANCE AND PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE 162
Effect of Calcium and Lanthanum on Morphine Actions 164
Acute Effects of Opiates on Brain Ca++ 165
Chronic Effects of Opiates on Brain Ca++ 166
Postulated Role of Ca++ in Opiate Action 168
Acute Opiate Action 169
Tolerance 170
Acknowledgements 171
References 172
CHAPTER 19. THE INFLUENCE OF METHADONE DERIVATIVES ON THE ISOLATED MYENTERIC PLEXUS–LONGITUDINAL MUSCLE PREPARATION OF THE GUINEA–PIG ILEUM 174
INTRODUCTION 174
MATERIAL AND METHODS 174
RESULTS 175
DISCUSSION 176
REFERENCES 179
CHAPTER 20. NEW DATA CONCERNING THE INTERACTION BETWEEN CHOLINERGIC, ENKEPHALINERGICAND SEROTONINERGIC SYSTEMS DURING ANALGESIA 180
Introduction 180
Working hypothesis 181
Material and Methods 181
Results 183
Discussion 185
Summary 187
References 187
CHAPTER 21. EFFECTS OF MORPHINE AND NALOXONE ON CATECHOLAMINE AND DIHYDROXYPHENYL-ACETIC ACID (DOPAC) CONTENT OFINDIVIDUAL BRAIN NUCLEI 192
INTRODUCTION 192
MATERIALS AND METHODS 192
RESULTS 194
DISCUSSION 195
REFERENCES 197
CHAPTER 22. THE INTERACTION BETWEEN NARCOTIC ANALGESICS ANDMONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS 200
INTRODUCTION 200
MATEEUALS AND METHODS 201
RESULTS 202
DISCUSSION 207
SUMMARY 208
REFERENCES 209
CHAPTER 23. THE ROLE OF METABOLIC FACTORS IN THE INTERACTION BFTWEEN OPIATES AND HOMOPYRIMIDAZOLS IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 210
Introduction 210
Materials and Methods 210
Summary 214
References 214
CHAPTER 24. THE INFLUENCE OF OPIATE ANTAGONISTS ON THE ACTIVITY OF SENSORIMOTOR CORTICAL NEURONS 216
Material and Methods 216
Results 217
Discussion 218
Sunmiary 218
References 218
PART IV: NEUROTROPIC ACTIVITIES AND INFLAMMATION 220
CHAPTER 25. SUBSTANCE . AND PAIN FIBRES 222
Peripheral nerve endings 224
Central nerve endings 225
Tremsmitter criteria for substance . 226
References 228
CHAPTER 26. THE OPIOID PEPTIDERGIC SYSTEM MAY BE INVOLVED IN THE CONTROL OF INFLAMMATORY REACTIONS 232
Introduction 232
Material and Methods 232
Results 233
Discussion 233
References 234
CHAPTER 27. COMPARISON OF THE ANALGETIC ACTION OF INHIBITORS OF PGSYNTHESIS, CHINOIN-127 AND MORPHINE 236
Introduction 236
Material and methods 236
Results 237
Northover test 238
Writhing test induced by acetic acid and MgSO4 238
Hot plate test 239
Discussion 239
SUBJECT INDEX 244