Modulation of Neurochemical Transmission (eBook)

Front Cover 2
Modulation of Neurochemical Transmission 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
PREFACE 10
CHAPTER 1. PRESYNAPTIC MUSCARINIC CONTROL OF NORADRENALINE RELEASE 12
INTRODUCTION 12
MATERIALS AND METHODS 16
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 18
REFERENCES 20
CHAPTER 2. NON-SYNAPTIC INTERACTION OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS: PRESYNAPTIC INHIBITION AND DISINHIBITION 24
Noradrenaline-acetylcholine 25
Dopamine-acetylcholine 27
Disinhibitory phenomenon 29
Auto-inhibition 30
Morphological evidence of non-synaptic interaction 32
Reference 35
CHAPTER 3. FREQUENCY DEPENDENCE OF PRESYNAPTIC INHIBITION OF TRANSMITTER SECRETION 38
INTRODUCTION 38
MATERIAL AND METHODS 39
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 41
REFERENCES 47
CHAPTER 4. PRE- AND POSTSYNAPTIC RECEPTORS: PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS 48
REFERENCES 56
CHAPTER 5. PROPERTIES OF PRE- AND POSTSYNAPTIC a RECEPTORS1 58
INTRODUCTION 58
MATERIAL AND METHODS 59
RESULTS, 60
DISCUSSION 62
SUMMARY 65
REFERENCES 65
CHAPTER 6. ARE ENKEPHALINS BRAIN PUTATIVE NEURDTRANSMlTl'KHS? 68
Conclusions 79
References 79
CHAPTER 7. NEUBOPEPTIDES AND NEUROTRANSMITTERS IN THE MEDIAN EMINENCE 86
Anatomy of the median eminence 86
Neurotransmitters and neuropeptides in the MB 88
Transport of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides in the median eminence 91
References 94
CHAPTER 8. PURINES AS MODULATORS OF AUTONOMIC NEUROEFFECTOR TRANSMISSION 98
Introduction 98
Adrenergic transmission 98
Summary 103
Acknowledgements 104
References 104
CHAPTER 9. HIGHLY SELECTIVE PEPTIDE-CHALONES IN HUMAN SERUM 108
Satietin: a selective inhibitor of food intake in human serum 118
REFERENCE'S 136
CHAPTER 10. VASODILATATION DUE TO PREJUNCTIONAL INHIBITION OF ADRENERGIC NEUROTRANSMISSION 138
1. Neurohumoral inhibition 138
2. Metabolic inhibition 141
3. Inhibition by local cooling 144
4. Pharmacological inhibition 144
Acknowledgments. 144
References 145
CHAPTER 11. RELEASE OF DOPAMINE-BETA-HYDROXYLASE FROM NORADRENERGIC NERVE TERMINALS AND ADRENAL MEDULLA DISCREPANCY WITH IN VIVO PLASMA MEASUREMENTS
REFERENCES 160
CHAPTER 12. NEUROTRANSMISSION IN THE RAT PORTAL VEIN 166
Conclusions 167
Reference 167
CHAPTER 13. IS PREJUNCTIONAL ß-ADRENOCEPTOR MEDIATED FACILITATION OF NEURONAL NORADRENALINE RELEASE CONTROLLED BY NEURONAL OR ADRENAL MEDULLARY ADRENALINE ? 168
Material and methods 169
Results 172
Discussion 174
Conclusions 176
References 177
CHAPTER 14. REDUCTION BY BETA1 - RECEPTOR BLOCKADE OF THE INHIBITORY EFFECT OF SYMPATHETIC STIMULATION ON CHOLINERGIC TRANSMISSION IN THE FINKLEMAN PREPARATION 180
Introduction 180
Methods 180
Materials 181
Results 181
Discussion 184
Summary 186
References 187
CHAPTER 15. Histochemical Mapping of Dopamine Neurons in the Olfactory Brain 190
References 191
CHAPTER 16. DIFFERENT SENSITIVITY OF PRE- AND POSTSYNAPTIC DOPAMINE RECEPTORS IN THE RAT STRIATUM 192
Introduction 192
Experimental procedure 193
Results 194
Discussion 196
Summary 197
References 197
CHAPTER 17. EVIDENCE OF PRESYNAPTIC DOPAMINE RECEPTORS IN SYMPATHETIC HEART NERVES OF CATS 200
INTRODUCTION 200
METHODS 201
RESULTS 202
DISCUSSION 207
SUMMARY 208
REFERENCES 209
CHAPTER 18. MODULATION OF CATECHOLAMINE AND 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE SYNTHESIS BY BETA OR OPIATE RECEPTORS IN RAT BRAIN 210
Introduction 210
Material and Methods 210
Resuits 211
Discussion 216
References 218
CHAPTER 19. LSD-INDUCED BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS IN RATS AS A POTENTIAL MODEL OF PSYCHOSIS 220
Introduction 220
Methods 221
Results and discussion 222
References 228
CHAPTER 20. POSSIBILITIES TO INFLUENCE THE DEVELOPMENT AND EXTINCTION OF DOPAMINERGIC SUPERSENSITIVITY 230
Introduction 230
Methods 230
Results 231
Discussion 233
Summary 236
References 236
CHAPTER 21. NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DOPAMINERGIC SUPERSENSITIVITY 238
Introduction 238
Material and Methods 239
Results 240
Discussion 246
Summary 246
References 247
CHAPTER 22. ADRENERGIC MODULATION OF CHOLINERGIC REACTIONS IN NON-STRIATAL BRAIN REGIONS 248
Conclusions 256
References 257
CHAPTER 23. THE ROLE OF ATPASES IN NEUROCHEMICAL TRANSMISSION 258
INTRODUCTION 258
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE MONOAMINE-ELICITED ACTIVATION OF RAT BRAIN CORTICAL (Na+,K+ )ATPASff 260
DEPRESSION OF CENTRAL NEURONS BY MONOAMINES 265
CONCLUSIONS 266
REFERENCES 267
CHAPTER 24. INTERACTION BETWEEN NORADRENALINE AND VANADIUM ON BRAIN MEMBRANE ATPase 270
Introduction 270
Materials and Methods 271
Results 272
Discussion 274
References 277
CHAPTER 25. PRECURSOR CONTROL OF ACETYLCHOLINE SYNTHESIS AND RELEASE IN ISOLATED HEARTS ? 280
INTRODUCTION 280
MATERIAL and METHODS 280
RESULTS and DISCUSSION 281
Acknowledgements 287
REFERENCES 288
CHAPTER 26. ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE THAT NORADRENALINE INHIBITS TRANSMITTER RELEASE IN THE MYENTERIC PLEXUS 290
References 290
CHAPTER 27. THE EFFECTS OF MUSCARINIC AGONISTS AND ANTAGONISTS ON ACETYLCHOLINE RELEASE FROM PERIPHERAL CHOLINERGIC NERVES IN THE ABSENCE AND PRESENCE OF A CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR 292
INTRODUCTION 292
METHODS 293
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 294
CONCLUSIONS 298
REFERENCES 301
CHAPTER 28. PROSTAGLANDIN AS A MODULATOR OF ACETYLCHOLINE RELEASE IN GUINEA PIG MYENTERIC PLEXUS 302
INTRODUCTION 302
MATERIALS AND METHODS 303
RESULTS 303
DISCUSSION 306
SUMMARY 309
REFERENCES 310
CHAPTER 29. POSTTETANIC RESPONSE IN THE GUINEA-PIG- ILEUM1 MODULATION BY ENKEPHALINS AND PROSTAGLANDINS 312
METHODS 312
RESULTS 313
DISCUSSION 318
SUMMARY 320
ACCTOWIiEDGEMEKTS 320
REFERENCES 320
CHAPTER 30. THE CAPSAICIN-SENSITIVE NON-PARA SYMPATHETIC EXCITATORY INNERVATION OF THE SMALL INTESTINE* 322
Introduction 322
Methods 322
Results 323
Discussion 326
Summary 329
References 330
CHAPTER 31. MODULATORY MECHANISMS IN ISOLATED ORGANS OF NORADRENERGIC TYPE 332
Materials and Methods 332
Kinetics 333
Results and Discussion 333
References 338
CHAPTER 32. ALPHA ADRENOCEPTORS IN THE GUINEA-PIG ILEUM 342
Material and Methods 343
Results 343
Summary 351
References 352
CHAPTER 33. CHOLNERGIC HISTAMINE RELEASE FROM MAST CELL 354
INTRODUCTION 354
METHODS AND MATERIAL 355
RESULTS 356
DISCUSSION 357
CONCLUSION 358
REFERENCES 359
CHAPTER 34. THE IMPORTANCE OF H2-RECEPTORS IN HYPOTHERMIC ACTION OF HISTAMINE IN RATS 362
Materials and methods 362
Results 363
Discussion 364
Acknowledgements 365
References 365
CHAPTER 35. MODULATION OF PRESYNAPTIC ACETYLCHOLINE RELEASE AT THE NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION 366
INTRODUCTION 366
SYMPATHOMIMETIC AMINES 376
FACTORS CAPABLE OF INFLUENCING ACETYLCHOLINE RELEASE 371
TOXINS 377
TETRAETHYLAMMONIUM, GUANIDINE, 4-AMINOPYRIDINE 378
NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKING AGENTS AND THEIR ANTAGONISTS 379
INHIBITORS OF NICOTINIC AND MUSCARINIC CHOLINERGIC RECEPTORS 380
THEOPHYLLINE AND CAFFEINE 381
CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES 381
NATURAL AND SEMISYNTHETIC VERATRUM ALKALOIDS 381
REFERENCES 382
CHAPTER 36. THE EFFECT OF AGENTS AFFECTING CYCLIC AMP AND CALCIUM METABOLISM ON THE ISOLATED SKELETAL MUSCLE 394
INTRODUCTION 394
MATERIAL AND METHODS 395
SUMMARY 400
REFERENCES 401
CHAPTER 37. MONOAMINERGIC MECHANISMS OF SOME ATYPICAL ANTIDEPRESSANTS 404
Conclusions 410
References 411
CHAPTER 38. INTERACTION OF N-ACYL AND N-SULFONYL DERIVATIVES OF SULFONIC 414
Introduction 414
Materials and Methods 414
Results. 415
Discussion. 421
Summary. 424
References. 424
CHAPTER 39. POSSIBLE FUNCTION OF CYSTEINE METABOLISM IN RAT BRAIN 428
INTRODUCTION 428
MATERIALS AND METHODS 429
RESULTS 430
DISCUSSION 435
REFERENCES 437
CHAPTER 40. REGULATION OF BRAIN TYROSINE HYDROXYLASE ACTIVITY BY NEUROLEPTICS AND PSYCHOSTIMULANTS 438
Material and methods 439
Results 440
Discussion 444
Summary 446
References 446
CHAPTER 41. EFFECT OF GASTRIN AND GASTRIN FRAGMENTS ON BRAIN MONOAMINES 450
Material and Methods 452
Results 452
Discussion 456
Summary 456
References 459
CHAPTER 42. THE EFFECT OP PROTECTED TRH AND TRH ANALOGUES ON MONOAMINE CONTENTS OF DIFFERENT BRAIN AREAS IN RATS 462
Material and Methods 463
Results 463
Discussion 470
Summary 470
References 471
CHAPTER 43. GABA-ERGIC SUBSTANCES AND VASCULAR SYSTEM 474
CHAPTER 44. THE ROLE OP MONOAMINERGIC PATHWAYS IN THE MEMORY EFFECTS OF VASOPRESSIN 478
Material and Methods 479
Results 480
CHAPTER 45. LEG ION DIG OF THE DORSAL NORADRENERGIC BUNDLE AND THE EFFECTS OF ARGININE 8 -VAS0PRESSIN ON PASSIVE AVOIDANCE REACTION 481
References 485
SUBJECT INDEX 488