Relative Radiation Sensitivities of Human Organ Systems (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Relative Radiation Sensitivities of Human Organ Systems, Part III 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
Preface 10
Contents of Volumes 12 and 14 (Parts I and II of "Relative Radiation Sensitivities of Human Organ Systems") 12
Chapter 1. Radiation Damage to the Kidney 14
I. Introduction 14
II. Radiation Damage to Normal Tissue: Basic Principles 15
III. Functional Anatomy of the Kidney 19
IV. Damage at the Cellular Level 22
V. Radiation Histopathology of the Kidney 24
VI. Clinical Radiation Nephropathy 26
VII. Animal Experiments 31
VIII. Conclusions 42
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 45
REFERENCES 46
Chapter 2. Intrinsic Radiosensitivity of Human Cells 50
I. Introduction 50
II. Fitting the Survival Curves 52
III. Intrinsic Radiosensitivity of Human Tumor Cells: A Determinant of Clinical Radioresponsiveness 56
IV. Intrinsic Radiosensitivity of Nontransformed Human Fibroblasts 64
V. Predictive Assays 70
VI. Role of Transformation in the Intrinsic Radiosensitivity of Human Cells 73
VII. Recovery, Repair, and Intrinsic Radiosensitivity 74
VIII. Conclusion 79
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 79
REFERENCES 80
Chapter 3. Relative Sensitivities of Tumors to Brachytherapy 84
I. Introduction 84
II. Radiobiology 101
III. Radiobiology of High-LET Neutron Brachytherapy 126
IV. New Brachytherapy 142
V. Second Tumors after Brachytherapy 146
VI. Clinical State of the Art 148
VII. Summary and Conclusions 152
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 154
REFERENCES 154
Chapter 4. Fast Neutron Radiotherapy in Relation to the Radiation Sensitivity of Human Organ Systems 166
I. Introduction 166
II. Radiotherapy Complications in Various Tissues 171
III. Survey of Neutron Treatment Facilities 200
IV. Concluding Remarks 203
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 204
REFERENCES 204
Chapter 5. Normal Tissue Effects of Hyperthermia in Conjunction with Radiotherapy 208
I. Introduction 208
II. Cellular and Physiological Features of Hyperthermia 209
III. Normal Tissue Effects in Animal Models: Hyperthermia Alone 213
IV. Radiation with Hyperthermia: In Vivo Animal Studies 216
V. Clinical Studies on Humans 221
VI. Discussion 224
REFERENCES 225
Chapter 6. Expectation of Malformations after Irradiation of the Developing Human in Utero: The Experimental Basis for Predictions 230
I. Introduction 230
II. Early Mammalian Development 230
III. Inactivation by Radiation at Specific Developmental Stages 235
IV. Malformations as a Consequence of Irradiation in Utero 249
V. Irradiation at the Preimplantation Stage: The Mouse 258
VI. Irradiation at the Preimplantation Stage: The Rat 268
VII. Irradiation during Organogenesis: The Mouse 269
VIII. Irradiation during Organogenesis: The Rat 275
IX. Other Species 278
X. Quantitative Changes in Malformations during Life in Utero 278
XI. Influence of Protraction and/or Fractionation of Exposure 284
XII. Exposure to Fast Neutrons 288
XIII. Human Experience of Irradiation in Utero 293
XIV. Conclusions 307
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 310
REFERENCES 310
Chapter 7. Radiation Research: A Joint Venture in Radiobiology and Radiotherapy 316
I. Introduction 316
II. Early Discoveries 316
III. Discoveries from the 1950s to the Present 318
REFERENCES 320
INDEX 322