Text-Book of Medical Jurisprudence and Toxicology (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Medical Jurisprudence and Toxicology 4
Table of Contents 12
Dedication 6
Introduction 8
Preface 10
SECTION I: MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE AND TOXICOLOGY 28
CHAPTER I. LEGAL PROCEDURE IN CRIMINAL COURTS 28
LEGAL PROCEDURE A T AN INQUEST 29
CRIMINAL COURTS AND THEIR POWERS. 34
KINDS OF WITNESSES. 43
RULES FOR GIVING EVIDENCE. 43
CHAPTER II. PERSONAL IDENTITY 46
1. AGE 47
2. SEX 55
3. RACE 58
4. COMPLEXION AND FEATURES 62
5. HAIR 63
6. ANTHROPOMETRY 64
7. FOOT PRINTS 66
8. DEFORMITIES 66
9. SCARS 67
II. OCCUPATION MARKS 69
12. HANDWRITING 70
13. CLOTHES AND ORNAMENTS 70
14. SPEECH AND VOICE 70
15. GAIT 71
16. TRICKS OF MANNER AND HABIT 71
17. MENTAL POWER, MEMORY AND EDUCATION 71
18. AMOUNT OF ILLUMINATION REQUIRED FOR IDENTIFICATION 71
CHAPTER III. POST-MORTEM EXAMINATION (AUTOPSY) 73
EXTERNAL EXAMINATION 74
INTERNAL EXAMINATION 76
HEAD 77
THORAX 77
ABDOMEN 79
EXAMINATION OF DECOMPOSED BODIES 82
EXAMINATION OF MUTILATED BODIES OR FRAGMENTS 82
CHAPTER IV. EXHUMATION 88
Rules for Exhumation 88
The time of Exhumation 89
Report 89
CHAPTER V. EXAMINATION OF BLOOD AND SEMINAL STAINS, AND OF HAIR 92
BLOOD-STAINS 92
SUBSTANCES RESEMBLING BLOOD-STAINS 100
SEMINAL STAINS 102
HAIR 107
CHAPTER VI. DEATH IN ITS MEDICO-LEGAL ASPECT 110
MODES OF DEATH 110
SYNCOPE 110
ASPHYXIA 111
COMA 114
SUDDEN DEATH 115
SIGNS OF DEATH 116
I. ENTIRE A N D CONTINUOUS CESSATION OF CIRCULATION AND RESPIRATION 117
2. CHANGES IN THE EYE 119
3. CHANGES IN THE SKIN 119
4. COOLING OF THE BODY 119
5. CADAVERIC LIVIDITY, HYPOSTASIS, SUGGILATION OR POST-MORTEM STAINING 121
6 CADAVERIC CHANGES IN THE MUSCLES 123
7. PUTREFACTION OR DECOMPOSITION 126
8. SAPONIFICATION 139
9. MUMMIFICATION 140
CHAPTER VII. DEATHS FROM ASPHYXIA 146
HANGING 146
STRANGULATION 152
DROWNING 163
CHAPTER VIII. DEATH FROM STARVATION, COLD AND HEAT 171
STARVATION 171
COLD 174
CHAPTER IX. DEATH FROM BURNS, SCALDS, LIGHTNING, AND ELECTRICITY 179
BURNS AND SCALDS 179
LIGHTNING 187
CHAPTER X. MECHANICAL INJURIES 191
CONTUSIONS 191
WOUNDS 194
CHAPTER XI. THE MEDICO-LEGAL ASPECT OF WOUNDS 201
EXAMINATION OF THE INJURED PERSON 201
CAUSES OF DEATH FROM WOUNDS 206
WHICH OF THE SEVERAL INJURIES CAUSED DEATH ? 208
THE POWER OF VOLITIONAL ACTS IN A VICTIM AFTER RECEIVING THE FATAL INJURY 209
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WOUNDS INFLICTED DURING LIFE OR AFTER DEATH 210
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SUICIDAL HOMICIDAL AND ACCIDENTAL WOUNDS 212
CHAPTER XII. REGIONAL INJURIES 216
HEAD 216
FACE 222
NECK 224
SPINE AND SPINAL CORD 225
CHEST 227
ABDOMEN 230
MUSCLES 237
BONES 237
DISLOCATIONS 239
CHAPTER XIII. IMPOTENCE AND STERILITY 240
QUESTIONS RELATING TO IMPOTENCE AND STERILITY 240
CAUSES IN THE MALE 241
CAUSES IN THE FEMALE 243
CHAPTER XIV. VIRGINITY, PREGNANCY AND DELIVERY 245
VIRGINITY 245
SIGNS OF VIRGINITY 245
PREGNANCY 247
SIGNS OF PREGNANCY 248
SUBJECTIVE SIGNS 248
OBJECTIVE SIGNS 249
DELIVERY 255
SIGNS OF DELIVERY 255
I. SIGNS OF RECENT DELIVERY IN THE LIVING 255
II. SIGNS OF RECENT DELIVERY IN THE DEAD 257
III. SIGNS OF REMOTE DELIVERY IN THE LIVING 257
IV. SIGNS OF REMOTE DELIVERY IN THE DEAD 258
CHAPTER XV. LEGITIMACY 259
MEDICO-LEGAL POINTS 260
CHAPTER XVI. RAPE AND UNNATURAL OFFENCES 264
RAPE 264
EXAMINATION OF THE VICTIM 265
ACCIDENTS FOLLOWING RAPE 268
EXAMINATION OF THE ACCUSED 269
MEDICO-LEGAL QUESTIONS 271
UNNATURAL OFFENCES 273
SODOMY 273
EXAMINATION OF THE PASSIVE AGENT 273
EXAMINATION OF THE HABITUAL PASSIVE AGENT 275
EXAMINATION OF THE ACTIVE AGENT 276
TRIBADISM 276
BESTIALITY 277
CHAPTER XVII. MISCARRIAGE AND FŒTICIDE 278
CLASSIFICATION OF MISCARRIAGE 278
NATURAL MISCARRIAGE 278
ARTIFICIAL MISCARRIAGE 280
MEANS TO INDUCE CRIMINAL ABORTION 282
ACCIDENTS FROM CRIMINAL ABORTION 286
EVIDENCE OF MISCARRIAGE 287
DEVELOPMENT OF THE FŒTUS AT DIFFERENT PERIODS OF GESTATION 289
DISTINCTION BETWEEN NATURAL AND CRIMINAL ABORTION 291
CHAPTER XVIII. INFANTICIDE 293
I. WAS THE CHILD STILL-BORN OR DEAD-BORN ? 294
II. WAS THE CHILD BORN ALIVE? 295
III. IF BORN ALIVE, HOW LONG DID IT SURVIVE THE BIRTH ? 304
IV. WHAT WAS THE CAUSE OF DEATH ? 306
CHAPTER XIX. INSANITY AND ITS MEDICO-LEGAL ASPECT 315
CAUSES OF INSANITY 318
INDICATIONS OF INSANITY 320
AMENTIA 322
DEMENTIA (FATUITY) 323
MANIA 325
DIAGNOSIS OF INSANITY 331
FEIGNED INSANITY 333
THE RESTRAINT OF THE INSANE 335
CIVIL RESPONSIBILITY 339
CHAPTER XX. LIFE ASSURANCE 343
FORMS OF POLICY 343
THE MEDICAL EXAMINER 343
MEDICAL EXAMINATION OF A PROPOSER 344
OPINION 351
THE MEDICAL REFEREE 351
THE PROOF OF DEATH 351
CHAPTER XXI. LAW IN RELATION TO MEDICAL MEN 352
PRIVILEGES OF REGISTERED PRACTITIONERS 352
DUTIES OF A PHYSICIAN 354
PHYSICIAN'S RESPONSIBILITY IN CRIMINAL MATTERS 355
DUTIES OF A PATIENT 355
MALPRAXIS 356
RESPONSIBILITY OF A MEDICAL MAN FOR NEGLIGENT ACTS OF NURSES OR STUDENTS 358
MALINGERING OR FEIGNED DISEASES 358
FITNESS FOR GOVERNMENT SERVICE 359
WILLS 360
SECTION II.—TOXICOLOGY 362
CHAPTER XXII. POISONS AND THEIR MEDICO-LEGAL ASPECT 362
CLASSIFICATION OF POISONS 365
ACTION OF POISONS 366
CAUSES MODIFYING THE ACTION OF POISONS 367
DIAGNOSIS OF POISONING 371
A. POST-MORTEM APPEARANCES 373
B. CHEMICAL ANALYSIS 376
C. EXPERIMENTS ON ANIMALS 385
D. MORAL EVIDENCE 385
THE DUTY OF A MEDICAL MAN IN CASES OF SUSPECTED POISONING 385
TREATMENT IN CASES OF POISONING 386
CHAPTER XXIII . CORROSIVE POISONS 391
I. MINERAL ACIDS 391
II. ORGANIC ACIDS. OXALIC ACID (ACID OF SUGAR), H2, C2 O4 2H2O 399
III. ALKALIES 409
CHAPTER XXIV . IRRITANT POISONS 415
I. NON-METALLIC POISONS 415
CHLORINE 420
BROMINE 421
CHAPTER XXV. IRRITANT POISONS, Contd 426
II. METALLIC POISONS 426
COMPOUNDS OF ARSENIC 426
PROPRIETARY ARTICLES CONTAINING ARSENIC 429
ANTIMONY 444
MERCURY (PARA) 450
COMPOUNDS OF MERCURY 450
COPPER (TAMBA) 457
LEAD (SHISHA.) 461
ZINC (JASAT.) 468
BISMUTH 471
SILVER (CHANDI) 472
CHROMIUM 476
POTASSIUM 478
ALUMINIUM 480
MAGNESIUM 481
BARIUM 482
NICKEL AND COBALT 485
OSMIUM 485
CHAPTER XXVI. IRRITANT POISONS, (Continued) 486
I. VEGETABLE POISONS 486
SCAMMONY 500
KALADANASEEDS 500
CUSCUTA REFLEXA (AKASBEL) 501
JATROPHA CURCAS (PHYSICNUT , JANGLI ARANDI) 501
JATROPHA URENS 502
URGINEA SCILLA 502
GLORIOSA SUPERBA (CARIHARI, KHADIYANAG) 503
ARUM MACULATUM (LORDS AND LADIES, CUCKOO-PINT, WAKE-ROBIN, THE PARSON IN THE PULPIT) 503
ARGEMONE MEXICANA (PILA DHATURA, DARUDI) 503
MORINGA PTERYGOSPERMA (SHAJNA, SHARAGAVA) 504
SAPINDAS TRIFOLIATUS (RHITHA) 504
CHAPTER XXVII. IRRITANT POISONS 505
II. ANIMAL POISONS 505
SNAKES 507
POISONOUS INSECTS 512
POISONOUS ANIMAL FOOD 512
BOTULISM OR ALLANTIASIS 514
FISHPOISONING 515
POISONING BY MILK AND ITS PRODUCTS 515
CHAPTER XXVIII. IRRITANT POISONS 517
C. MECHANICAL (VULNERANT) POISONS 517
POWDERED GLASS 517
DIAMOND DUST 518
NEEDLES 519
CHOPPED ANIMAL HAIR 519
VEGETABLE HAIRS 519
CHAPTER XXIX. NEUROTIC POISONS. POISONS AFFECTING THE BRAIN (CEREBRAL, NARCOTIC). 520
A. SOMNIFEROUS POISONS 520
CHAPTER XXX. CEREBRAL POISONS—(Continued) 531
B. INEBRIANT POISONS 531
ALCOHOL (ETHYL ALCOHOL), C2H5OH 531
CHLOROFORM, CHCI3 536
CHLORAL HYDRATE, CCl3CH(OH)2 542
PETROLEUM (ROCK OIL) 551
OIL OF TURPENTINE (SPIRITS OF TURPENTINE) 553
CHAPTER XXXI. CEREBRAL POISONS—Continued 555
DATURA ALBA AND DATURA FASTUOSA 555
ATROPA BELLADONNA (DEADLY NIGHT-SHADE) 557
CANNABIS SATIVA OR INDICA 563
CHAPTER XXXII. SPINAL POISONS 571
STRYCHNOS NUX VOMICA (KUCHILA) 571
PHYSOSTIGMATIS SEMINA (CALABAR BNE) 576
GELSEMIUM SEMPERVIRENS OR NITIDUM (YELLOW OR CAROLINA JESSAMINE OR JASMINE.) 577
CHAPTER XXXIII. CARDIAC POISONS 579
NICOTIANA TABACUM (TOBACCO, TAMBAKU) 579
DIGITALIS PURPUREA (DIGITALIS OR FOXGLOVE) 582
NERIUM ODORUM (WHITE OR SWEET-SCENTED OLEANDER, KANER) 584
CERBERA THEVETIA OR THEVETIA NERIIFOLIA (EXILE OR YELLOW OLEANDER, PILA KANER.) 586
ACONITUM FEROX ( ACONITE, VACHHANAG OR BISH. 587
HYDROCYANIC ACID (PRUSSIC ACID), H C N 589
CHAPTER XXXIV. ASPHYXIANTS (IRRESPIRABLE GASES) 594
CARBON DIOXIDE (CARBONIC ACID GAS, CARBONIC ANHYDRIDE), C02 594
CARBON MONOXIDE (CARBONIC OXIDE GAS), CO 595
CHAPTER XXXV. PERIPHERAL (NEURAL) POISONS 600
CONIUM MACULATUM (SPOTTED HEMLOCK) 600
APPENDIX I: ORDERS PERTAINING TO MEDICO-LEGAL WORK 604
DYING DECLARATIONS 604
FROM POLICE REGULATIONS 605
APPENDIX II: SPECIAL RULES OF EVIDENCE 610
MEDICAL EVIDENCE IN CRIMINAL CASES 610
APPENDIX III: QUESTIONS TO BE PUT TO MEDICAL WITNESSES. 613
NO. I. QUESTIONS THAT MAY BE PUT TO A MEDICAL WITNESS IN A CASE OF SUSPECTED POISONING AFTER POST-MORTEM EXAMINATION OF THE BODY 613
NO. II. QUESTIONS THAT MAY BE PUT TO A NON-PROFESSIONAL WITNESS IN A CASE OF SUSPECTED POISONING 614
IF DEATH OCCURRED 614
NO. III. QUESTIONS WHICH MAY BE PUT TO AMEDICAL WITNESS IN A CASE OF SUPPOSED DEATH BY WOUNDS OR BLOWS AFTER POST-MORTEM EXAMINATION OF THE BODY 615
NO. IV. QUESTIONS THAT MAY BE PUT TO A MEDICALWITNESS IN A CASE OF SUPPOSED INFANTICIDE AFTER POST-MORTEM EXAMINATION OF THE BODY 616
NO. V. QUESTIONS THAT MAY BE PUT TO A MEDICAL WITNESS IN A CASE OF SUPPOSED DEATH BY HANGING OR STRANGULATION 617
NO. VI. QUESTIONS THAT MAY BE PUT TO A MEDICAL WITNESS IN ACASE OF SUPPOSED DEATH BY DROWNING, A FTER POST-MORTEM EXAMINATION OF THE BODY 618
NO. VII. QUESTIONS THAT MAY BE PUT TO A MEDICAL WITNESS IN A CASE OF ALLEGED RAPE 618
NO VIII. QUESTIONS THAT MAY BEUT TO A MEDICAL WITNESS IN CASE OF SUSPECTED INSANITY 619
NO. IX. QUESTIONS THAT MAY BE PUT TO A MEDICAL WITNESS. IN A CASE OF ALLEGED CAUSING MISCARRIAGE 620
NO. X. QUESTIONS THAT MAY BE PUT TO A MEDICAL WITNESS IN A CASE OF GRIEVOUS HURT 621
NO. XI. QUESTIONS THAT MAY BE PUT TO A MEDICAL WITNESS IN A CASE OF DEATH FROM THE RUPTURE OF SPLEEN 622
APPENDIX IV: FORMS FOR MEDICO-LEGAL REPORTS 623
LETTER REQUESTING CIVIL SURGEON TO EXAMINE AND REPORT INJURIES TO A WOUNDED PERSON 627
ABSTRACT IN THE VERNACULAR OF REPORT OF MEDICAL OFFICER'S EXAMINATION TO BE MADE OVER TO THE CONSTABLE ACCOMPANYING THE INJURED PERSON 629
POLICE FORM NO. 33. UNITED PROVINCES POLICE 630
THE SUPERINTENDENT OF POLICE 630
APPENDIX V: RULES FOR TRANSMISSION OF SUBSTANCES FOR ANALYSIS TO THE CHEMICAL EXAMINER AND GOVERNMENT ANALYST, UNITED PROVINCES, AND TO THE IMPERIAL SEROLOGIST TO THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, CALCUTTA 634
RULES FOR CIVIL SURGEONS 635
RULES FOR DESPATCH OF ARTICLES TO THE IMPERIAL SEROLOGIST TO THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, CALCUTTA 641
APPENDIX VI: STATEMENT OF THE CONDITIONS OF MEDICO-LEGAL ENQUIRY IN INDIA AS COMPARED WITH SUCH ENQUIRY IN ENGLAND 644
APPENDIX VII: INDIAN EVIDENCE ACT 648
APPENDIX VIII: THE CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE 654
THE POWERS OF POLICE TO INVESTIGATE 655
LUNATICS 666
APPENDIX IX: THE INDIAN PENAL CODE 671
APPENDIX X: FORMS REQUIRED BY THE INDIAN LUNACYACT, 1912 689
APPLICATION FOR RECEPTION ORDER 689
STATEMENT OF PARTICULARS 690
APPENDIX XI: THE HIPPOCRATIC OATH AND THE VEDIC PRINCIPLES OF MEDICINE 692
APPENDIX XII: THE POISONS ACT ( ACT NO.I. ), 1904 695
AND THE RULES IN THE UNITED PROVINCES OF AGRA AND OUDH 695
THE RULES REGARDING POISONS IN THE UNITED PROVINCES OF AGRA AND OUDH 698
APPENDIX XIII: BOOKS OF REFERENCE 704
INDEX 706