Essays in Toxicology (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Essays in Toxicology 4
Capyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
List of Contributors 8
Preface 10
Contents of Previous Volumes 12
Chapter 1. Toxicological Problems and Untoward Effects from Plastic Devices Used in Medical Applications 14
I. Introduction 14
II. Polymers, Plastics, and Elastomers 16
III. Short-Term Contact with Tissue 17
IV. Long-Term Contact with Tissue—Carcinogenesis 20
V. Effect of the Biological Environment on Polymeric Materials 38
VI. Special Problems 39
VII. Conclusions 43
References 43
Chapter 2. The Metabolism of Tobacco Alkaloids 48
I. Introduction 48
II. Nicotine Metabolism—The Current Situation 54
III. Smoking and Nicotine Metabolism 57
IV. Minor Tobacco Alkaloid Metabolism in Man 68
V. In Vitro Metabolism of Tobacco Alkaloids 72
VI. Concluding Comments 83
References 85
Chapter 3. Poisons Control Centers—An Essay on Information and Prevention 92
I. Introduction 93
II. The Extent of the Problem 94
III. Poisons Centers 98
IV. Medical Education 102
V. Declaration of Composition 102
VI. Assessment of Toxicity 104
VII. Warning Labeling 105
VIII. Liaison with Industry 106
IX. International Liaison 106
X. The Dialogue 107
XI. Siting and Organization of Poisons Centers 108
XII. The Future 111
References 112
Chapter 4. Toxicology of Hypobaric and Hyperbaric Environments 114
I. Introduction 114
II. Effects of Altered Hydrostatic Pressure Alone 116
III. Biological Effects of Inert Gases 119
IV. Superimposition of Altered Pressures and Inert Gases on Exogenous Agents 123
V. Pharmacotherapy of Decompression Sickness 127
VI. Summary 130
References 130
Chapter 5. Exploitable Biochemical Approaches for the Evaluation of ToxicLung Damage 138
I. Introduction 139
II. Biochemical Composition of Lung Tissue 140
III. In Vivo Biosynthesis of Macromolecules in the Lung 143
IV. Work with Lung Slices 149
V. Isolation of Defined Populations of Lung Cells 153
VI. Subcellular Fractionation of Lung Tissue 156
VII. Isolation and Properties of Cell Organelles from Lung 161
VIII. Examples of Toxic Lung Damage Evaluated by Biochemical Approaches 173
IX. Conclusion 190
References 192
SUBJECT INDEX 206