Essays in Toxicology (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Essays in Toxicology 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
List of Contribntors 8
Preface 10
Contents of Previons Volumes 12
Chapter 1. Nitrosamines 16
I. Introduction 16
II. Discovery of the Carcinogenic Effects of Nitrosamines 18
III. What May Be Learned from Study of Nitrosamines 21
References 29
Chapter 2. A Laboratory Model Ecosystem to Evaluate Compounds Producing Biological Magnification 32
I. Introduction 32
II. Development of a Laboratory System for Evaluation of Micropollutants 35
III. Problems Investigated 42
References 52
Chapter 3. The Metabolism of DDT in Man 54
I. Background and Rationale of the Present Study of DDT Metabolism in Man 54
II. Subjects, Materials, and Methods 62
III. Absorption and Storage of Ingested DDT 66
IV. Chemical Conversions of Ingested DDT and DDT Metabolites 74
V. Relation of Blood Concentrations of DDT Isomers and Metabolites to the Adipose Stores of These Chemicals 84
VI. Loss of Fat-Stored DDT and DDT Metabolites 91
VII. Summary and Commentary 102
References 107
Chapter 4. The Toxins of Clostridium Botulinum 114
I. Introduction 114
II. Nature and Distribution of Clostridium botulinum 117
III. Toxin Production 119
IV. Qualitative and Quantitative Assays for Botulinum Toxins 120
V. Purification and Properties of the Toxins 122
VI. Studies on the Relation of Functional Groups to Toxicity 126
VII. Mechanism of Action of the Toxins 128
VIII. Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Botulism 129
References 130
Chapter 5. The Use of Breath Analysis in Clinical Toxicology 136
I. Introduction 136
II. Technique of Breath Analysis 137
III. Diagnosis of Exposure 147
IV. Estimation of the Magnitude of Exposure 148
V. Illustrative Breath Decay Curves 148
VI. Illustrative Case Reports 154
VII. Comment 160
References 161
Chapter 6. The Biochemical Toxicology of Methanol 164
I. Introduction 164
II. The Metabolic Disposition of Methanol 165
III. The Metabolic Disposition of Formaldehyde 177
IV. The Metabolic Disposition of Formic Acid 185
V. Summary 187
References 188
AUTHOR INDEX 194
SUBJECT INDEX 202