Textbook of Medical Jurisprudence and Toxicology (eBook)

Front Cover 1
A Textbook of Medical Jurisprudence and Toxicology 4
Table of Contents 8
PREFACE TO THE SIXTH EDITION 6
PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION 7
SECTION I: MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE 10
CHAPTER I. LEGAL PROCEDURE IN CRIMINAL COURTS 10
LEGAL PROCEDURE AT AN INQUEST 11
DIFFICULTIES IN THE DETECTION OF CRIME 12
CRIMINAL COURTS AND THEIR POWERS 18
MEDICAL EVIDENCE 23
KINDS OF WITNESSES 28
RULES FOR GIVING EVIDENCE 28
CHAPTER II. PERSONAL IDENTITY 32
1. RACE 34
2. SEX 37
3. AGE 41
4. COMPLEXION AND FEATURES 54
5. HAIR 57
6. ANTHROPOMETRY 57
7. FOOT PRINTS 63
8. DEFORMITIES 64
9. SCARS 64
10. TATTOO-MARKS 66
11. OCCUPATION MARKS 69
12. HANDWRITING 69
13. CLOTHES AND ORNAMENTS 70
14. SPEECH AND VOICE 70
15. GAIT 71
16. TRICKS OF MANNER AND HABIT 71
17. MENTAL POWER, MEMORY AND EDUCATION 71
18. AMOUNT OF ILLUMINATION REQUIRED FOR IDENTIFICATION 71
CASES OF MISTAKEN IDENTITY 72
CHAPTER III. POST-MORTEM EXAMINATION (AUTOPSY) 74
EXTERNAL EXAMINATION 75
INTERNAL EXAMINATION 78
HEAD 78
THORAX 79
ABDOMEN 80
THE CAUSE OF DEATH 83
EXAMINATION OF DECOMPOSED BODIES 84
EXAMINATION OF MUTILATED BODIES OR FRAGMENTS 86
EXAMINATION OF BONES 87
CHAPTER IV. EXHUMATION 94
CHAPTER V. EXAMINATION OF BLOOD AND SEMINAL STAINS, AND OF HAIR 98
BLOOD STAINS 98
SUBSTANCES RESEMBLING BLOOD STAINS 120
SEMINAL STAINS 121
HAIR 130
CHAPTER VI. DEATH IN ITS MEDICO-LEGAL ASPECT 132
MODES OF DEATH 132
SYNCOPE 132
ASPHYXIA 133
COMA 134
SUDDEN DEATH 135
SIGNS OF DEATH 136
1. ENTIRE AND CONTINUOUS CESSATION OF CIRCULATION AND RESPIRATION 137
2. CHANGES IN THE EYE 139
3. CHANGES IN THE SKIN 140
4. COOLING OF THE BODY 140
5. CADAVERIC LIVIDITY, HYPOSTASIS, SUGGILATION OR POST-MORTEM STAINING 141
6. CADAVERIC CHANGES IN THE MUSCLES 143
7. PUTREFACTION OR DECOMPOSITION 148
8. ADIPOCERE 159
9. MUMMIFICATION 163
TIME OF DEATH 163
PRESUMPTION OF DEATH 164
PRESUMPTION OF SURVIVORSHIP 165
CHAPTER VII. DEATHS FROM ASPHYXIA 167
HANGING 167
STRANGULATION 173
SUFFOCATION 186
DROWNING 192
CHAPTER VIII. DEATH FROM STARVATION, COLD AND HEATSTARVATION 203
COLD 207
HEAT 208
CHAPTER IX. DEATH FROM BURNS, SCALDS, LIGHTNING, AND ELECTRICITY 211
BURNS AND SCALDS 211
ELECTRICITY 226
CHAPTER X. MECHANICAL INJURIES 230
CONTUSIONS 230
ABRASIONS 236
WOUNDS 238
CHAPTER XI. THE MEDICO-LEGAL ASPECT OF WOUNDS 254
EXAMINATION OF THE INJURED PERSON 254
CAUSES OF DEATH FROM WOUNDS 258
WHICH OF THE SEVERAL INJURIES CAUSED DEATH? 263
THE POWER OF VOLITIONAL ACTS IN A VICTIM AFTER RECEIVING THE FATAL INJURY 264
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WOUNDS INFLICTED DURING LIFE AND AFTER DEATH 266
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SUICIDAL, HOMICIDAL AND ACCIDENTAL WOUNDS 267
CHAPTER XII. REGIONAL INJURIES 280
HEAD 280
FACE 288
NECK 293
SPINE AND SPINAL CORD 294
CHEST 296
ABDOMEN 303
BONES 316
DISLOCATIONS 317
CHAPTER XIII. IMPOTENCE AND STERILITY 318
QUESTIONS RELATING TO IMPOTENCE AND STERILITY 318
CAUSES IN THE MALE 319
CAUSES IN THE FEMALE 322
CHAPTER XIV. VIRGINITY, PREGNANCY AND DELIVERY 326
VIRGINITY 326
SIGNS OF VIRGINITY 326
PREGNANCY 330
SIGNS OF PREGNANCY 331
SUBJECTIVE SIGNS 331
OBJECTIVE SIGNS 332
DELIVERY 337
SIGNS OF DELIVERY 337
CHAPTER XV. LEGITIMACY 341
MEDICO-LEGAL POINTS 343
CHAPTER XVI. RAPE AND UNNATURAL OFFENCES 348
RAPE 348
EXAMINATION OF THE VICTIM 350
ACCIDENTS FOLLOWING RAPE 354
EXAMINATION OF THE ACCUSED 355
MEDICO-LEGAL QUESTIONS 356
UNNATURAL OFFENCES 362
SODOMY 362
EXAMINATION OF THE PASSIVE AGENT 364
EXAMINATION OF THE HABITUAL PASSIVE AGENT 366
EXAMINATION OF THE ACTIVE AGENT 367
TRIBADISM 367
BESTIALITY 368
CHAPTER XVII. MISCARRIAGE 369
CLASSIFICATION OF MISCARRIAGE 369
NATURAL MISCARRIAGE 369
ARTIFICIAL MISCARRIAGE 370
MEANS TO INDUCE CRIMINAL MISCARRIAGE 372
ACCIDENTS FROM CRIMINAL MISCARRIAGE 376
EVIDENCE OF MISCARRIAGE 377
DISTINCTION BETWEEN NATURAL AND CRIMINAL MISCARRIAGE 380
CHAPTER XVIII. INFANTICIDE 382
I. WAS THE CHILD STILL-BORN OR DEAD-BORN? 383
II. WAS THE CHILD BORN ALIVE? 384
III. IF BORN ALIVE, HOW LONG DID THE CHILD SURVIVE THE BIRTH? 392
IV. WHAT WAS THE CAUSE OF DEATH 393
NATURAL CAUSES 393
ACCIDENTAL CAUSES 394
CRIMINAL CAUSES 397
CONCEALMENT OF BIRTH 403
CHAPTER XIX. INSANITY AND ITS MEDICO-LEGAL ASPECT 404
CAUSES OF INSANITY 406
INDICATIONS OF INSANITY 407
CLASSIFICATION OF INSANITY 408
INSANITY ASSOCIATED WITH NERVOUS DISEASES 423
DIAGNOSIS OF INSANITY 426
FEIGNED INSANITY 427
RESTRAINT OF THE INSANE 428
CIVIL RESPONSIBILITY 434
CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY 439
CHAPTER X X. LIFE ASSURANCE 451
FORMS OF POLICY 451
THE MEDICAL EXAMINER 451
OPINION 456
THE MEDICAL REFEREE 456
THE PROOF OF DEATH 456
CHAPTER XXI. LAW IN RELATION TO MEDICAL MEN 457
THE MEDICAL ACT 457
PRIVILEGES OF REGISTERED PRACTITIONERS 458
DISCIPLINARY CONTROL 460
DUTIES OF A PHYSICIAN 464
PHYSICIAN'S RESPONSIBILITY IN CRIMINAL MATTERS 465
DUTIES OF A PATIENT 468
MALPRAXIS 468
RESPONSIBILITY OF A MEDICAL MAN FOR NEGLIGENT ACTS OF NURSES OR STUDENTS 470
THE WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION ACT 475
MALINGERING OR FEIGNED DISEASES 478
FITNESS FOR GOVERNMENT SERVICE 479
WILLS 479
SECTION II: TOXICOLOGY 481
CHAPTER XXII. POISONS AND THEIR MEDICO-LEGAL ASPECT 481
CLASSIFICATION OF POISONS 485
ACTION OF POISONS 486
CAUSES MODIFYING THE ACTION OF POISONS 486
DIAGNOSIS OF POISONING 489
TREATMENT IN CASES OF POISONING 501
CHAPTER XXIII. CORROSIVE POISONS 506
I. MINERAL ACIDS 506
II. ORGANIC ACIDS 519
III. ALKALIES 537
CHAPTER XXIV. IRRITANT POISONS 543
A. INORGANIC 543
CHAPTER XXV. IRRITANT POISONS 557
II. METALLIC POISONS 557
ARSENIC 557
COMPOUNDS OF ARSENIC 557
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS OF ARSENIC 559
PROPRIETARY ARTICLES CONTAINING ARSENIC 560
ANTIMONY 582
MERCURY (PARA) 590
COMPOUNDS OF MERCURY 590
COPPER (TAMBA) 601
LEAD (SHISHA) 605
THALLIUM 615
ZINC (JASAT) 618
SILVER (CHANDI) 625
GOLD (SONA) 639
NICKEL AND COBALT 641
OSMIUM 641
CHAPTER XXVI. IRRITANT POISONS 642
1. VEGETABLE POISONS 642
RECINUS COMMUNIS (CASTOR-OIL PLANT, ARANDI 642
CROTON TIGLIUM (CROTON, JAMALGOTA OR NAEPALA) 643
COLOCYNTH (BITTER APPLE, INDRAYAN) 646
ERGOT 647
CAPSICUM ANNUUM AND CAPSICUM FRUTESCENS (CHILLIES, RED PEPPER, CAYENNE PEPPER, LALMIRCH) 650
ABRUS PRECATORIUS (JEQUIRITY, INDIAN LIQUORICE, GUMCHI OR RATI) 651
SEMECARPUS ANACARDIUM (MARKING NUT TREE) 653
CALOTROPIS GIGANTEA AND PROCERA (MADAR, AKDO) 655
PLUMBAGO ROSEA (LAL CHITRA) AND PLUMBAGO ZEYLANICA (CHITRA) 659
VERATRUM 660
COLCHICUM AUTUMNALE (COLCHICUM, MEADOW SAFFRON) 661
HELLEBORUS NIGER (BLACK HELLEBORE, KALI KATUKI) 663
JUNIPERUS SABINUS (SAVIN) 665
GLORIOSA SUPERBA (CARIHARI, KHAD1YANAG) 669
ARUM MACULATUM (LORDS AND LADIES, CUCKOO-PINT, WAKE-ROBIN,THE PARSON IN THE PULPIT) 669
CHAPTER XXVII. IRRITANT POISONS— (Contd.)II. ANIMAL POISONS 673
CANTHARIDES 673
SNAKES (OPHIDIA) 675
POISONOUS INSECTS 680
FOOD POISONING 681
BOTULISM OR ALLANTIASIS 682
FISH POISONING 682
PTOMAINES 682
CHAPTER XXVIII. IRRITANT POISONS— (Contd.) 684
C. MECHANICAL (VULNERANT) POISONS 684
POWDERED GLASS 684
CHAPTER XXIX. NEUROTIC POISONS POISONS AFFECTING THE BRAIN (CEREBRAL, NARCOTIC) 688
A. SOMNIFEROUS POISONS OPIUM (AFIYUN) 688
CHAPTER X X X. CEREBRAL POISONS— (Contd.) 703
B. INEBRIANT POISONSALCOHOL (ETHYL ALCOHOL, ALCOHOL ETHYLICUM), C2 H5 OH 703
ETHER (AETHER, SULPHURIC ETHER, ETHYLIC ETHER OR ETHYL OXIDE), (C2H5) 2O 713
CHLOROFORM (TRICHLOROMETHANE), CHCl3 715
CHLORAL HYDRATE, CCl3 CH (OH)2 722
CHAPTER XXXI. CEREBRAL POISONS— (Contd.) 748
C. DELIRIANT POISONS 748
DATURA ALBA AND DATURA FASTUOSA (SAFED AND KALA DHATURA) 748
ATROPA BELLADONNA (DEADLY NIGHT-SHADE) 754
COCAINE (METHYL BENZOYL-ECGONINE), C17H21NO4 758
CANNABIS SATIVA OR INDICA (INDIAN HEMP) 767
CHAPTER XXXII. SPINAL POISONS 779
STRYCHNOS NUX VOMICA (KUCHILA) 779
PHYSOSTIGMATIS SEMINA (CALABAR BEAN) 788
GELSEMIUM SEMPERVIRENS OR NITIDUM (YELLOW OR CAROLINA JESSAMINE OR JASMINE) 789
CHAPTER XXXIII. CARDIAC POISONS 791
NICOTIANA TABACUM (TOBACCO, TAMBAKU) 791
DIGITALIS PURPUREA (DIGITALIS OR FOXGLOVE) 795
NERIUM ODORUM (WHITE OR SWEET-SCENTED OLEANDER, KARAN OR KANER) 799
CERBERA THEVETIA OR THEVETIA NERIIFOLIA (EXILE OR YELLOW OLEANDER, PILA KANER) 802
ACONITUM NAPELLUS (ACONITE, MONK'S HOOD, WOLFSBANE OR BLUE ROCKET MITHA ZAHAR OR DUDHIA BISH)
HYDROCYANIC ACID (HYDROGEN CYANIDE OR PRUSSIC ACID), H C N 812
CHAPTER XXXIV. ASPHYXIANTS (IRRESPIRABLE GASES) 821
CARBON DIOXIDE (CARBONIC ACID GAS, CARBONIC ANHYDRIDE), 821
CARBON MONOXIDE (CARBONIC OXIDE GAS), CO 822
CARBON DISULPHIDE (CARBON BISULPHIDE), CS2 827
SULPHUR DIOXIDE (SULPHUROUS ACID GAS OR SULPHUROUS ANHYDRIDE), SO., 829
CHAPTER XXXV. PERIPHERAL (NEURAL) POISONS 833
CONIUM MACULATUM (COMMON OR SPOTTED HEMLOCK) 833
APPENDIX I: ORDERS PERTAINING TO MEDICO-LEGAL WORK 836
APPENDIX II: SPECIAL RULES OF EVIDENCE 840
APPENDIX III: QUESTIONS TO BE PUT TO MEDICAL WITNESSES 843
APPENDIX IV: FORMS FOR MEDICO-LEGAL REPORTS 850
APPENDIX V: THE INDIAN EVIDENCE ACT 861
APPENDIX VII: THE INDIAN PENAL CODE 885
APPENDIX VIII: FORMS REQUIRED BY THE INDIAN LUNACY ACT, 1912 899
APPENDIX IX: THE HIPPOCRATIC OATH AND THE VEDIC PRINCIPLES OFMEDICINE 902
APPENDIX X: THE POISONS ACT (ACT No. XII ) , 1919 AND THE RULESIN THE UNITED PROVINCES OF AGRA AND OUDH 904
APPENDIX XI: THE DANGEROUS DRUGS ACT, 1930 (ACT NO. II OF 1930) AS AMENDED BY THE DANGEROUS DRUGS AMENDMENT ACT, 1933 (ACT NO. XXVI OF 1933), AND THE DANGEROUS DRUGS AMENDMENT ACT, 1938 (ACT NO. Ill OF 1938) 910
INDEX 916