Lasers in Dentistry – Guide for Clinical Practice

Patricia M. Freitas, DDS, PhD, is Associate Professor and Vice Chairman of the Special Laboratory of Lasers in Dentistry at the University of Sao Paulo in Brazil. She holds positions in the World Federation of Lasers in Dentistry and the Brazilian Association of Lasers in Dentistry, and lectures internationally on various topics in laser dentistry. Alyne Simoes, DDS, PhD, is Professor of the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Sao Paulo in Brazil. Her work focuses on laser dentistry, LED and PDT in the treatment of oral mucositis, salivary gland hypofunction by chemotherapy and diabetes, and the effect of laser therapy in oral and systemic changes arising from these conditions.

List of contributors vii Foreword xii Preface xiii Section 1: Basic principles of lasers and LEDs 1 Physics of lasers and LEDs: Basic concepts 3 Clovis Grecco, Jose Dirceu Vollet-Filho, Mariana Torres Carvalho, and Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato 2 High power lasers and their interaction with biological tissues 11 Denise Maria Zezell and Patricia Aparecida Ana 3 Low power lasers: Introduction 19 Maria Cristina Chavantes, Martha Simoes Ribeiro, and Nathali Cordeiro Pinto 4 Cellular mechanisms of photobiomodulation 23 Tiina I. Karu 5 Low level laser therapy mechanism of action: Inflammatory process 27 Jan Magnus Bjordal Rodrigo Alvaro Brandao Lopes-Martins and Lucio Frigo 6 Low level laser therapy mechanism of action: Analgesia 34 Roberta Chow 7 Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in dentistry 40 Felipe F. Sperandio, Caetano P. Sabino, Daniela Vecchio, Maria Garcia-Diaz, Liyi Huang, Ying-Ying Huang, and Michael R. Hamblin 8 Dosimetry 48 Jan Tuner, Martha Simoes Ribeiro, and Alyne Simoes 9 Risk management and the safe use of laser technology 56 Rosely Cordon and Dalva Cruz Lagana Section 2: Preventive, esthetic, and restorative dentistry 10 Selective caries removal, cavity preparation and adhesion to irradiated tissues 65 Patricia Moreira de Freitas, Marcelo Giannini, Junji Tagami, and Simone Goncalves Moretto 11 Management of non-carious cervical lesions 72 Ana Cecilia Correa Aranha, Karen Muller Ramalho, and Marcella Esteves-Oliveira 12 Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for carious tissue 80 Giselle Rodrigues de Sant Anna and Danilo Antonio Duarte 13 Treatment of internal ceramic surfaces 88 Carlos de Paula Eduardo, Marina Stella Bello-Silva, and Paulo Francisco Cesar 14 Dental bleaching with LEDs and lasers 92 Fatima Zanin, Aldo Brugnera Jr, and Mateus Costola Windlin 15 Caries diagnosis 104 Mariana Minatel Braga, Thais Gimenez, Fausto Medeiros Mendes, Christopher Deery, and David N. J. Ricketts 16 Lasers in caries prevention 126 Lidiany Karla Azevedo Rodrigues, Patricia Moreira de Freitas, and Marines Nobre-dos-Santos Section 3: Endodontics 17 Bacterial reduction in root canals using antimicrobial photodynamic therapy 133 Aguinaldo S. Garcez and Silvia C. Nunez 18 High power lasers in apical surgery 139 Sheila C. Gouw-Soares, Jose Luiz Lage-Marques, and Claudia Strefezza 19 High power lasers in endodontics 143 Jose Luiz Lage Marques, Sheila C. Gouw Soares, and Claudia Strefezza Section 4: Periodontology 20 Surgical and non-surgical treatment of periodontal diseases 153 Leticia Helena Theodoro and Valdir Gouveia Garcia 21 Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the treatment of periodontal diseases 159 Valdir Gouveia Garcia and Leticia Helena Theodoro 22 Esthetic treatment of gingival melanin hyperpigmentation with the Er:YAG laser 166 Daniel Simoes A. Rosa and Akira Aoki Section 5: Oral surgery 23 Lasers in soft tissues surgeries 175 Luciane Hiramatsu Azevedo, Marines Sammamed Freire Trevisan, and Ana Maria Aparecida de Souza 24 Implantodontology 179 Juliana Marotti and Georgios E. Romanos 25 Bone biomodulation 196 Antonio Luiz Barbosa Pinheiro, Aparecida Maria Cordeiro Marques, Luiz Guilherme Pinheiro Soares, and Artur Felipe Santos Barbosa 26 Use of low level laser therapy in lymphatic drainage for edema 207 Luciana Almeida-Lopes and Attilio Lopes Section 6: Orthodontics and orofacial pain 27 Temporomandibular disorders 223 Caroline Maria Gomes Dantas and Carolina Lapaz Vivan 28 Low level lasers in orthodontics 229 Marines Vieira S. Sousa 29 Traditional Chinese medicine and laser therapy 238 Mario Pansini, Fabiano Augusto Sfier de Mello, and Andrea Malluf Dabul de Mello Section 7: Treatment of oral and facial lesions 30 Papilloma and fibroma 245 Luiz Alcino Gueiros, Igor Henrique Silva, Lucia de Fatima Cavalcanti dos Santos, and Jair Carneiro Leao 31 Hemangioma and lymphangioma 248 Luciane Hiramatsu Azevedo and Claudia Strefezza 32 Non-neoplastic proliferative lesions or soft tissue tumor-like lesions of the oral cavity 253 Vivian Cunha Galletta Kern, Edgar Kazuyoshi Nakajima, Rodrigo Ramos Vieira, and Luciane Hiramatsu Azevedo 33 Oral mucocele 261 Luciana Correa and Luciane Hiramatsu Azevedo 34 Potentially malignant disorders of the oral mucosa 265 Vivian Cunha Galletta Kern, Ana Claudia Luiz, Edgar Nakajima, Luciane Hiramatsu Azevedo, and Dante Antonio Migliari 35 Herpes 272 Juliana Marotti 36 Recurrent aphthous ulcers 285 Leila Soares Ferreira and Daiane Thais Meneguzzo 37 Burning mouth syndrome 290 Lucia de Fatima Cavalcanti dos Santos and Jair Carneiro Leao 38 Nerve repair by light 293 Felipe F. Sperandio, Ying-Ying Huang, Nivaldo Parizotto, and Michael R. Hamblin Section 8: Laser and antimicrobial photodynamic therapies in cancer patients 39 Optical diagnosis of cancer and potentially malignant lesions 305 Cristina Kurachi, Lilian Tan Moriyama, and Alessandro Cosci 40 Low level laser therapy in the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis 321 Alyne Simoes, Fernanda de Paula Eduardo, Cesar A. Migliorati, and Mark M. Schubert 41 Cost-effectiveness of laser therapyin hospital practice 331 Leticia Mello Bezinelli and Luciana Correa 42 Low Level Laser Therapy for hyposalivation and xerostomia 335 Alyne Simoes, Luana de Campos, Victor Elias Arana-Chavez, and Jose Nicolau 43 Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in cancerpatients 340 Luana de Campos, Cesar A. Migliorati, and Alyne Simoes 44 Photodynamic therapy in cancer treatment 346 Juliana Ferreira-Strixino and Elodie Debefve Index 351