Principles of X-Ray Diagnosis -  David H. Trapnell

Principles of X-Ray Diagnosis (eBook)

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2016 | 1. Auflage
302 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-1-4831-9538-4 (ISBN)
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Principles of X-Ray Diagnosis covers the system of observation and deductions of a radiologist taken from radiographs. This book is composed of 12 chapters that discuss the principles of diagnostic radiology and the methods of producing radiographs. Some of the topics covered in the book are the production of X-rays; formation of radiographic image; application and definition of fluorescence; intensification of an image; determining the quality of a radiograph; practical problems of radiography; preparing a radiograph; analysing defects in radiographs; and factors affecting film quality. Other chapters provide the method of determining lesion site and the detection and significance of fluid levels. These topics are followed by descriptions of the characteristics and assessment of chest radiographs. The final chapter is devoted to the normal radiographic anatomy of the heart. The book can provide useful information to the radiologists, doctors, students, and researchers.
Principles of X-Ray Diagnosis covers the system of observation and deductions of a radiologist taken from radiographs. This book is composed of 12 chapters that discuss the principles of diagnostic radiology and the methods of producing radiographs. Some of the topics covered in the book are the production of X-rays; formation of radiographic image; application and definition of fluorescence; intensification of an image; determining the quality of a radiograph; practical problems of radiography; preparing a radiograph; analysing defects in radiographs; and factors affecting film quality. Other chapters provide the method of determining lesion site and the detection and significance of fluid levels. These topics are followed by descriptions of the characteristics and assessment of chest radiographs. The final chapter is devoted to the normal radiographic anatomy of the heart. The book can provide useful information to the radiologists, doctors, students, and researchers.

Front Cover 1
Principles of X-Ray 
4 
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 10
CHAPTER 1. MAKING RADIOGRAPHS 12
HOW RADIOGRAPHS ARE 
12 
ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF A RADIOGRAPH 15
SCATTERED RADIATION 19
PRACTICAL PROBLEMS OF RADIOGRAPHY 20
PROCESSING RADIOGRAPHS 21
DIAGNOSING DEFECTS IN RADIOGRAPHS 22
SUMMARY OF FACTORS AFFECTING FILM QUALITY 25
SUMMARY OF FILM DEFECTS AND 
25 
CHAPTER 2. LOOKING AT RADIOGRAPHS 26
MAKING A DIAGNOSIS 26
A SIMPLE PRACTICAL REMINDER 39
CHAPTER 3. THE CHEST 40
RADIOGRAPHY OF THE CHEST 40
LOOKING AT CHEST RADIOGRAPHS 40
SOME GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF INTERPRETATION 44
THE DIAPHRAGM 45
THE MEDIASTINUM 47
THE THORACIC INLET 51
THE LUNGS 52
SOFT TISSUE SHADOWS 78
BRONCHOGRAPHY 80
CHAPTER 4. THE HEART AND AORTA 84
NORMAL RADIOGRAPHIC ANATOMY OF THE HEART 84
THE SIZE OF T H E HEART 84
THE SHAPE OF THE HEART 89
CARDIAC CALCIFICATION 94
THE THORACIC AORTA 95
PULMONARY BLOOD VESSELS IN HEART DISEASE 96
CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE 98
CHAPTER 5. THE ALIMENTARY TRACT 101
RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION 101
OESOPHAGUS 102
HIATUS HERNIA 107
STOMACH 109
DUODENUM 116
THE SMALL AND LARGE INTESTINE 120
CHAPTER 6. THE ABDOMEN 135
THE LIVER 137
THE BILIARY TRACT 140
THE PANCREAS 146
THE SPLEEN 149
THE SUPRARENAL GLANDS 150
THE PERITONEAL SPACE 153
CHAPTER 7. THE GENITO-URINARY TRACT 155
THE URINARY TRACT 155
CHAPTER 8. BONES AND JOINTS 175
BONE STRUCTURE AND GROWTH 175
EXAMINATION OF RADIOGRAPHS 175
SOME SPECIAL PRINCIPLES CONCERNING PARTICULAR PARTS 192
SINOGRAPHY 203
CHAPTER 9. THE SKULL, FACE AND TEETH 204
THE SKULL 204
THE MIDDLE AND INTERNAL EAR 234
THE PARANASAL SINUSES 237
THE ORBITS 240
THE FACIAL SKELETON 241
THE MANDIBLE AND TEETH 242
CHAPTER 10. THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 245
THE BRAIN 245
THE SPINAL CORD 265
CHAPTER 11. THE MOUTH, PHARYNX AND LARYNX 269
THE MOUTH 269
THE PHARYNX 271
THE LARYNX 274
CHAPTER 12. SOFT TISSUES 279
GAS IN THE SOFT TISSUES 280
CALCIFICATION 281
LYMPHANGIOGRAPHY 287
SHORT GUIDE TO FURTHER READING 289
USEFUL BOOKS FOR REFERENCE 289
INDEX 290

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