Histology and Histopathology of the Eye and Its Adnexa (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Histology and Histopathology of the Eye and its Adnexa 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
Preface 12
Part One. NORMAL HISTOLOGY, EMBRYOLOGY, SENESCENCE 16
CHAPTER I. NORMAL HISTOLOGY OF THE EYE 18
1. The Cornea 18
2. The Sclera 19
3. The Limbus 20
4. The Uvea 21
5. The Chamber Angle 27
6. The Retina 30
7. The Optic Nerve 36
8. The Lens 39
9. The Zonule 40
10. The Vitreous Body 42
11. The Conjunctiva 43
12. The Plica Semilunaris 44
13. The Caruncle 45
14. The Eyelids 45
15. The Lacrimal Organs 48
16. The Orbit 49
CHAPTER II. EMBRYOLOGY OF THE EYE 51
CHAPTER III. SENESCENCE OF THE EYE 57
PART I. READING OF SOURCE MATERIAL 58
PART I. BIBLIOGRAPHY 64
PART TWO. GENERAL PATHOLOGY 70
CHAPTER IV. GENERAL PATHOLOGY IN RELATION TO THE EYE 72
1. Degenerative Processes and Disturbances of Metabolism 72
2. Abnormalities of Growth 79
3. Heredity and Constitution 82
4. Circulatory Disturbances 84
5. Inflammation 90
6. Repair 96
7. Infection and Resistance 98
8. Bacterial Infections 100
9. Animal Parasites 110
10. Injuries Caused by Physical Irritants 116
11. Injuries Caused by Chemical Irritants 118
12. Disorders of the Regulators of the Body 119
13. Tumors (Neoplasms) 122
PART THREE. HISTOPATIIOLOGY OF THE EYE 146
CHAPTER V. PATHOLOGY OF THE CORNEA 148
1. Inflammations of the Cornea (Keratitis) 148
2. Wound Healing, Regenerations, Keratoplasty 162
3. Corneal Scars 165
4. Corneal Staphyloma (Anterior Staphyloma) 167
5. Cysts of the Cornea 170
6. Corneal Fistula 170
7. Pannus 171
8. Degenerative Processes 173
9. Pigmentation of the Cornea 178
10. Pathology of the Epithelium 180
11. Pathology of the Endothelium and Keratic Precipitates 182
12. Pathologic Changes of Bowman's and Descemet's Membranes 183
13. Corneal Lesions Caused by Chemical and Physical Agents 184
14. Tuberculosis of the Cornea 185
15. Leprosy of the Cornea 187
16. Congenital Corneal Opacities 187
17. Neoplasms 188
CHAPTER VI. PATHOLOGY OF THE SCLERA 212
1. Wound Healing 212
2. Rupture of the Sclera 212
3. Ectasia, Scleral Staphyloma 212
4. Congenital Changes 213
5. Necrosis and Degeneration 215
6. Inflammations of the Sclera 215
7. Fungus Diseases 218
8. Neoplasms 218
CHAPTER VII. PATHOLOGY OF THE UVEA 224
1. Inflammations of the Uvea (Uveitis) 224
2. Mycoses and Parasites 248
3. Degenerations, Atrophies and Senile Changes 249
4. Changes in Diseases of Other Organs and in Systemic Diseases 255
5. Changes in Myopia 258
6. Detachment of the Choroid 259
7. Primary Neoplasms 261
8. Cysts 271
9. Secondary Neoplasms 274
CHAPTER VIII. PATHOLOGY OF THE RETINA 320
1. General Considerations 320
2. Vascular Diseases of the Retina 321
3. Retinopathies and Retinitides 334
4. Degenerations and Atrophies of the Retina 348
5. Detachment of the Retina 359
6. Cysts of the Retina 364
7. Neoplasms 365
CHAPTER IX. PATHOLOGY OF THE OPTIC NERVE 404
1. General Considerations 404
2. Pathology of the Nerve Sheaths 406
3. Inflammatory Processes (Optic Neuritis) 407
4. Degeneration and Atrophy 411
5. Papilledema 419
6. Depositions of Abnormal Substances 422
7. Neoplasms of the Optic Nerve and Its Sheaths 424
CHAPTER X. PATHOLOGY OF THE LENS 442
1. General Considerations (Cataract) 442
2. Noncomplicated Cataracts 447
3. Complicated Cataract 453
4. Cataracts Caused by Endocrine Disturbances 457
5. Cataract Caused by Physical and Chemical Trauma 458
CHAPTER XI. PATHOLOGY OF THE VITREOUS BODY 476
1. General Considerations 477
2. Congenital Changes 478
3. Acquired Changes 478
CHAPTER XII. PATHOLOGY OF THE CONJUNCTIVA 490
1. Circulatory Disturbances and Noninflammatory Vascular Changes 490
2. Inflammations of the Conjunctiva (Conjunctivitis) 490
3. Mycoses of the Conjunctiva 508
4. Parasites of the Conjunctiva 509
5. Conjunctivitides Associated with Skin Diseases 510
6. Degenerations of the Conjunctiva 511
7. Concretions of the Conjunctiva 514
8. Cysts of the Conjunctiva 515
9. Neoplasms of the Conjunctiva 516
10. Diseases of the Lacrimal Caruncle 522
CHAPTER XIII . PATHOLOGY OF THE EYELIDS 556
1. Atrophy 556
2. Scleroderma 556
3. Changes in Pigmentation 556
4. Eczema 557
5. Psoriasis 557
6. Ichthyosis 558
7. Acanthosis Nigricans 558
8. Lupus Erythematosis 558
9. Urticaria 558
10. Pemphigus Vulgaris 558
11. Impetigo Contagiosa 559
12. Changes of the Lid Skin in Generalized and Local Infections 559
13. Diseases of the Lid Glands 562
14. Diseases of the Lid Margin and Cilia 564
15. Degenerative Changes 564
16. Neoplasms 566
CHAPTER XIV. PATHOLOGY OF THE LACRIMAL ORGANS 588
1. The Lacrimal Gland 588
2. The Puncta and Canaliculi 591
3. The Lacrimal Sac and Nasolacrimal Duct 593
CHAPTER XV. PATHOLOGY OF THE ORBIT 606
1. General Considerations 606
2. Inflammations 607
3. Fungus Diseases 609
4. "Pseudotumor" 610
5. Hypertrophy, Atrophy, Dystrophy and Degeneration 610
6. Parasites of the Orbit 611
7. Neoplasms 611
CHAPTER XVI. OCULAR DEVELOPMENTAL ABNORMALITIES 636
1. General Considerations 636
2. Coloboma 637
3. Heterotypical Conus 640
4. Pits in the Optic Disc 641
5. Microphthalmos 641
6. Anophthalmos 642
7. Cyclopia 643
8. Cryptophthalmos 644
9. Cysts 645
10. Megalophthalmos 647
11. Hydrophthalmos 647
12. Congenital Anomalies of Various Eye Structures 649
13. Congenital Neoplasms 675
CHAPTER XVII. GLAUCOMA 692
1. Introduction : The Intra-ocular Pressure 692
2. Primary Glaucoma 693
3. Secondary Glaucoma 707
4. Experimental Glaucoma 715
5. Hydrophthalmos 716
6. Annex: Hypotony (Ophthalmomalaeia, Essential Phthisis) 718
CHAPTER XVIII. MYOPIA 733
HEADING OF SOURCE MATERIAL 737
BIBLIOGRAPHY 738
CHAPTER XIX. INJURIES 739
1. Contusions 739
2. Injuries from Cutting Objects 748
3. Foreign Bodies 751
4. Injuries Due to Agents of Physical Energy 753
5. Injuries by Chemicals 754
CHAPTER XX. SURGERY AND ITS COMPLICATIONS 763
1. Cataract Extractions 763
2. Needling 769
3. Glaucoma Operations 769
4. Operations for Detachment of the Retina 773
5. Evisceration of the Globe 775
6. Extraction of Foreign Bodies 775
7. Opticociliary Resection 776
8. Squint Operation 776
9. Tear Sac Operations 776
INDEX 780