High Blood Pressure (eBook)

Front Cover 1
High Blood Pressure: Its Variations and Control 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 16
PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION 10
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION 12
PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION 14
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 24
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 26
Are the Results of Clinical Blood Pressure Estimation accurate ? 29
CHAPTER 2. THE CLINICAL ESTIMATION OF BLOOD PRESSURE 31
When should Blood Pressure be taken ? 31
The Standard Measure of Arterial Pressure 31
The Standard Width of the Compression Armlet 31
Conclusions 47
The True Index of Diastolic Pressure 47
The True Index of Systolic Pressure 49
Fallacies in Estimation of Arterial Pressure by the Auditory Method 56
CHAPTER 3. PRESENT-DAY INSTRUMENTS EMPLOYED IN ESTIMATION OF ARTERIAL PRESSURE 62
A. Mercurial Sphygmomanometers 62
B. Dial Sphygmomanometers (Aneroid) 67
C. Oscillometric Sphygmomanometers (Aneroid) 72
D. Self-Recording Sphygmomanometers 80
CHAPTER 4. FUNDAMENTAL PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL FACTORS IN BLOOD PRESSURE 97
Significance of Blood Pressure 97
Minimal (Diastolic), Maximal (Systolic) and Mean Arterial Pressures 101
Tone, Tension and Viscosity 104
CHAPTER 5. PHYSIOLOGICAL VARIATIONS IN ARTERIAL PRESSURE 108
Significance and Importance of the Diastolic Pressure 108
Significance of the Systolic Pressure 112
Significance of the Differential (Pulse) Pressure 112
Significance of the Mean Pressure 113
Average Normal Arterial Pressures 113
Limits of Normal Arterial Pressure Variation 121
Influence of various Physiological Factors on Arterial Pressure 121
CHAPTER 6. HYPERPIESIS : HYPERPIESIA : HYPERTONIA 129
I. Hyperpiesis 129
II. Hyperpiesia 132
III. Hypertonia 140
CHAPTER 7. ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 144
Definition 144
Causation of Arteriosclerosis 144
Pathology 146
Hyperpiesis and Arteriosclerosis 150
Hyperpiesis is independent of Arteriosclerosis 151
Hyperpiesis and Atheroma 151
CHAPTER 8. THE CAUSATION AND SIGNIFICANCE OF HIGH ARTERIAL PRESSURE 152
Hyperpiesis is not necessarily a Symptom of Cardio arterio-renal Changes 163
Association of Hyperpiesis with Renal and Myocardial Involvement 164
CHAPTER 9. SYMPTOMATOLOGY OF HIGH ARTERIAL PRESSURE 167
A. Symptoms of High Arterial Pressure 167
B. Signs of High Arterial Pressure 169
C. Effects of High Arterial Pressure 169
CHAPTER 10. DIAGNOSIS AND PROGNOSIS OF HIGH ARTERIAL PRESSURE 172
A. DIAGNOSIS OF HIGH ARTERIAL PRESSURE 172
B. BACTERIOLOGICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS 173
C. BIOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS 174
D. PROGNOSIS OF HIGH ARTERIAL PRESSURE 175
CHAPTER 11. PREVENTION OF HIGH ARTERIAL PRESSURE 195
1. The Hours of Activity 195
2. The Hours of Rest 200
CHAPTER 12. CONTROL OF HIGH ARTERIAL PRESSURE 201
1. The Simple High Pressure Group 202
2. The Cardiovascular Group 210
3. The Renal Group 213
4. Relaxation Exercises and Passive Movements 226
5. Resistance Exercises 227
6. Massage 227
7. Diaphoresis 228
8. High Frequency and Diathermic Currents 228
9. Ultra-Violet Rays 230
10. X-Rays 230
11. Lumbar Puncture 230
12. Venesection and Fasting 231
13. Drug Therapy 232
APPENDIX 246
APPENDIX: The Treatment of High Arterial Pressure by Baths and Waters 246
1. BATHS 246
2. WATERS 250
CHAPTER 13. ARTERIAL PRESSURE IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS 252
Simultaneous Arterial Pressures (Brachial) in Pulmonary Tuberculosis 255
CHAPTER 14. ARTERIAL PRESSURE IN RELATION TO LIFE ASSURANCE 260
CHAPTER 15. EPOCHS IN THE CLINICAL ESTIMATION OF BLOOD PRESSURE 267
1. The Circulation of the Blood.— 267
2. Direct Estimation of Arterial Pressure—Physiological. 268
3. Indirect Estimation of Arterial Pressure—Clinical. 270
The Sphygmomanometer of Erlanger 273
The Sphygmomanometer of Gibson 274
The Martin Sphygmomanometer 278
The Nicholson Pocket Sphygmomanometer 280
REFERENCES 286
INDEX 296