Blood

Part 1 Haemostatic mechanisms: normal haemostasis; normal development of the haematopoietic system; pre-existing haemostatic defects and bleeding disorders; hypercoagulation and thrombotic disorders; pharmacologic manipulation of haemostasis - anticoagulation; pharmacologic manipulation of coagulation - protamine and other heparin antagonists; pharmacologic manipulation of coagulation - promotion of haemostasis. Part 2 Clinical evaluation of patients with haemostatic dysfunction - clinical coagulation laboratory evaluation of haemostasis in the perioperative period; medical instrumentation for intraoperative evaluation of haemostasis; perioperative blood loss; approach to the bleeding patient. Part 3 Transfusion therapy: principles of transfusion medicine; blood component therapy; infectious risks of transfusions; complications of transfusion therapy; medicolegal aspects of transfusion therapy. Part 4 Alternatives to transfusion therapy: haemodilution - physiology and limits of anaemia; autotransfusion - methods and complications; induced hypotension; blood substitutes. Part 5 Special concerns: perioperative evaluation and management of anaemia; polycythaemia, methemoglobinaemia and porphyria - perioperative evaluation and management; perioperative coagulopathy - massive transfusions; perioperative coagulopathy - cardiac surgery; perioperative coagulopathy - obstetrics; neonatal coagulopathies - diagnosis and management; blood coagulation during liver, kidney and pancreas transplantation.