Chemical Mutagens

of Volume 1.- 1 Molecular Mechanisms of Mutations.- I. Introduction.- II. Causes and Types of Alterations of the Hereditary Material and Protection Against Them.- III. Detection of Chromosome Aberrations and Systems of Genetic Analysis.- IV. Primary DNA Alterations and Their Genotypic and Phenotypic Consequences.- V. The Effect of Different Agents on DNA and Chromosomes.- VI. References.- 2 Correlation Between Teratogenic and Mutagenic Effects of Chemicals in Mammals.- I. Introduction.- II. Frequency of Effects of Chemicals.- III. Specificity of Action of Chemicals.- IV. Dose.- V. Species, Sex, and Strain Differences.- VI. Timing.- VII. Are Induced Malformations Due to Mutations?.- VIII. Mutagenicity and Teratogenicity Testing.- IX. Conclusion.- X. References.- 3 The Mutagenicity of Chemical Carcinogens: Correlations, Problems, and Interpretations.- I. Introduction.- II. Ultimate Carcinogenic Forms of Chemical Carcinogens Their Reactivities.- III. Mutagenic Activity of Carcinogenic Chemicals.- IV. Conclusions.- V. References.- 4 Effects on DNA: Chemical Methods.- I. Introduction.- II. Isolation of DNA.- III. Degradation of DNA.- IV. Methods of Separation of Products.- V. Methods of Detection and Identification of Products.- VI. References.- 5 Physical-Chemical Methods of the Detection of the Effect of Mutagens on DNA.- I. Introduction.- II. DNA Substrates for Physical Studies.- III. Physical Methods.- IV. Changes Resulting from Alkylation.- V. References.- 6 Effects on DNA: Transforming Principle.- I. Introduction.- II. Biological Systems.- III. Mutagenesis.- IV. Measuring Mutagenesis.- V. Discussion.- VI. Summary Statement.- VII. Experimental Methods.- VIII. Acknowledgments.- IX. References.- 7 Mutagen Screening with Virulent Bacteriophages.- I. Introduction.- II. Bacteriophages as Genetic Systems.- III. Measuring Viral Mutation Rates.- IV. Mutational Pathways.- V. Bacteriophage Screening Systems.- VI. Conclusions.- VII. References.- 8 Prophage Induction in Lysogenic Bacteria as a Method of Detecting Potential Mutagenic, Carcinogenic, Carcinostatic, and Teratogenic Agents.- I. Introduction.- II. General Properties of Lysogenic Bacteria.- III. Induction of Phage Production in Lysogenic Bacteria and Breakdown of the Lysogenic State.- IV. Experimental Prophage Induction Techniques.- V. Known Prophage Inducing Agents.- VI. Prophage Inducing Agents Present in the Human Environment.- VII. Conclusions.- VIII. References.- 9 The Detection of Chemical Mutagens with Enteric Bacteria.- I. Introduction.- II. Discussion.- III. General Methods.- IV. Acknowledgments.- V. References.- Addendum to Chapter 9 Mutagenesis Studies with Escherichia coli Mutants with Known Amino Acid (and Base-Pair) Changes.- I. Introduction.- II. Mutants with Amino Acid Changes in the Tryptophan Synthetase ? Subunit (A Protein).- III. References.- 10 Mutation Induction in Yeast.- I. Introduction.- II. General Description of the Organisms.- III. Mutation.- IV. Mitotic Segregation.- V. Acknowledgments.- VI. References.- Author Index.