Neonatology at a Glance

Dr Tom Lissauer is Honorary Consultant Neonatologist at Imperial College Healthcare Trust, London, UK Dr Avroy Fanaroff is Eliza Henry Barnes Professor of Neonatology, Rainbow & Babies Children's Hospital; Emeritus Professor, Department of Pediatrics and Reproductive Biology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA Dr Lawrence Miall is Consultant Neonatologist, Leeds Children's Hospital, Leeds, UK; Honorary Senior Lecturer, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK Dr Jonathan Fanaroff is Co-Medical Director, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit; Director, Rainbow Center for Pediatric Ethics, Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

Preface vii Contributors viii How to use this textbook xi About the companion website xiv Part 1 Introduction 1 Milestones in neonatology 2 2 Epidemiology 4 Part 2 Perinatal medicine 3 Perinatal medicine 6 4 Prepregnancy care, prenatal screening and fetal medicine 8 5 Maternal medical conditions 10 6 Intrauterine growth restriction 12 7 Multiple births 14 8 Preterm delivery 16 9 Birth defects and genetic disorders 18 10 Maternal drugs affecting the fetus and newborn infant 20 11 Congenital infection 22 Part 3 Delivery 12 Adaptation to extrauterine life 26 13 Neonatal resuscitation and post-resuscitation care 28 14 Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy 34 15 Birth injuries 38 Part 4 The normal newborn infant 16 Routine care of the newborn infant 40 17 Routine examination of the newborn infant 42 18 Neurologic examination 44 19 Care and support for parents 46 20 Feeding 48 21 Minor abnormalities in the first few days 50 22 Common problems of term infants 52 Part 5 The sick newborn infant 23 Admission to the neonatal unit 54 24 Developmental care 56 25 Stabilizing the sick newborn infant 58 26 Respiratory support 60 Part 6 The preterm infant 27 Preterm infants and their complications 66 28 Lung development and surfactant 68 29 Respiratory distress syndrome 70 30 Temperature control 72 31 Growth and nutrition 74 32 Intraventricular hemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia 76 33 Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) 78 34 Infection, jaundice, anemia, osteopenia of prematurity 80 35 Apnea, bradycardia and desaturations, retinopathy of prematurity 82 36 Necrotizing enterocolitis 84 37 Bronchopulmonary dysplasia 86 38 Outcome of preterm infants 88 Part 7 Neonatal problems 39 Respiratory distress in term infants 90 40 Upper airway disorders 94 41 Jaundice 96 42 Neonatal infection 100 43 Specific bacterial infections 102 44 Viral infections 104 45 Hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia 106 46 Inborn errors of metabolism 108 47 Gastrointestinal disorders 110 48 Gastrointestinal obstruction 114 49 Cardiac disorders 116 50 Renal and urinary tract anomalies diagnosed prenatally 120 51 Renal and urinary tract disorders 122 52 Genital disorders 126 53 Disorders of sex development 128 54 Anemia and polycythemia 130 55 Neutrophil and thrombotic disorders 132 56 Coagulation disorders 134 57 Dermatological disorders 136 58 Seizures and perinatal strokes 138 59 Neural tube defects and hydrocephalus 140 60 The hypotonic infant 142 61 Bone and joint disorders 144 62 Hearing and vision 146 Part 8 Aspects of neonatal intensive care 63 Pain 148 64 Pharmacology 150 65 Quality improvement 152 66 Critical incidents 154 67 Evidence ]based medicine 158 68 Ethics 160 69 Research and consent 162 70 Palliative and end ]of ]life care 164 71 Discharge from hospital 166 72 Follow ]up of high ]risk infants 168 Part 9 Global 73 Global neonatology 170 Part 10 Transport 74 Transport of the sick newborn infant 174 Part 11 Practical procedures 75 Intubation and chest tubes 176 76 Common practical procedures 178 77 Umbilical catheters and intraosseous cannulation 180 78 Central venous catheters and exchange transfusions 182 79 Cranial ultrasound 184 80 Amplitude ]integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) 188 81 Perinatal neuroimaging 190 82 Echocardiography for the neonatologist 192 83 Gestational age assessment, BP, severity of illness scores, jaundice treatment chart 194 Index 196