Hemorrhoids (eBook)

Hyung kyu Yang, MD, Ph.D. The vice president at the Korean Society of Coloproctology (KSCP)President at the study group of proctology Inspection commissioner of Korean Small and Medium Hospital Association Director of Korean Hospital Association Adjunct Professor of Yonsei University

Chapter 1. The History and Frequency of Hemorrhoids.- 1.The History of Hemorrhoids.- 1) The Classical Times, Middle Ages, and the Renaissance.- 2) Hemorrhoid surgery in 18th century, ligation, and the era of simple resection.- 3) Hemorrhoid surgery in the nineteenth century.- 4) The development of twentieth-century hemorrhoid surgery.- 5) A conservative remedy for hemorrhoids.- 2. The incidence of haemorrhoids.- Chapter 2. The Anatomy of the Anus.- 1. Anatomy related to hemorrhoids.- 1) The mucosa and upper epithelium of the anus.- 2) Treitz’s muscle.- 3) Internal sphincter.- 4) Conjoined longitudinal muscle.- 5) The external anal sphincter.- 6) The levator ani and pelvic floor muscles.- 7) The levator ani tunnel.- 8) The hiatal ligament.- Chapter 3. The Etiology of Hemorrhoids.- 1. What are hemorrhoids?.- 1) The varicose vein theory.- 2) The vascular hyperplasia theory.- 3) The theory of internal anal sphincter over activity.- 4) The sliding anal lining (cushion) theory.- 2. Causative factors of hemorrhoids.- Chapter 4. Diagnosis of hemorrhoids.- 1. Diagnostic sequences for hemorrhoids (anus).- 2. The posture for examination.- 3. The practice of diagnosis.- 4. Differential Diagnosis.- Chapter 5. Indications for Hemorrhoid Treatment.- 1. Types of Hemorrhoid.- 2. Indications of Hemorrhoid Surgery.- Chapter 6. Non-surgical treatment of hemorrhoids.- Chapter 7. Lift-up Submucosal Hemorrhoidectomy.- Chapter 8. Famous Hemorrhoid Surgical Operations.- 1. Parks’ submucosal hemorrhoidectomy.- 2. Ligation and excision by Sumikoshi Yukio.- 3. Dakano’s anoderm-preserving hemorrhoidectomy.- 4. Closed hemorrhoidectomy.- 5. Whitehead Surgery.- 6. Hemorrhoid surgery, using a circular stapler (PPH).- Chapter 9. Day Case Hemorrhoidectomy.- 1. Preoperative Considerations.- 2. Considerations for anesthesia.- Chapter 10. Preoperative and postoperative management.- 1. Preoperative management.- 2. Monitoring during the operation.- 3. Postoperative management.- 4. Critical Pathway.- 5. Day surgery.- 6. Outpatients treatment.- Chapter 11: Contraindications for hemorrhoidectomy.- Chapter 12: Special cases of hemorrhoids.- 1. Thrombotic external hemorrhoids.- 2. Incarcerated Hemorrhoids.- 3. Hemorrhoids in pregnancy.- 4. Hemorrhoids in portal hypertension.- 5. Hemorrhoids in IBD.- 6. Hemorrhoids in leukemia.- 7. Others.- Chapter 13: Anesthesia for anal surgery.- 1. Local Anesthesia.- 2. Spinal Anesthesia.- 3. Caudal block.- 4. Epidural Anesthesia.- 5. General anesthesia.​