Autonomic-Endocrine Interactions

Evolution of neuronal and endocrine traits: a network of neuroendocrine cells close to the base of the phylogenetic tree; receptors; channels and signals transduction in neurones and endocrine cells; effector mechanisms of the hypothalamus that regulate the anterior pituitary gland; innervation of the pituitary gland; innervention of the pineal gland; innervation of the thyroid and parathyroid glands: emphasis on neuropeptides; innervation of the endocrine pancreas; innervation of the ovarian and testicular endocrine cells; innervation of the adrenal medulla; innervation of paraganglia; glucorticoids: roles in development of the autonomic nervous system; insulin-like growth factors and insulin in the development of the sympathoadrenergic cell lineage; adrenocortical regulation of adrenomedullary function; sexual differentiation of the autonomic nervous system.