Medical Nutrition and Disease

Lisa Hark, PhD, RD, is Director, Department of Research, Wills Eye Hospital, Professor of Ophthalmology, Professor of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, PA, USA Darwin Deen, MD, MS is Medical Professor, Department of Community Health and Social Medicine, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City College of New York, New York, NY, USA Gail Morrison, MD, is Senior Vice Dean for Education, Director of Academic Programs, Professor of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

Preface xiv

Part I Fundamentals of Nutrition Assessment

Chapter 1 Overview of Nutrition Assessment in Clinical Care 3
Lisa Hark, Darwin Deen, and Alix J. Pruzansky

Case 1 Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome 22
Xavier F. Pi-Sunyer

Case 2 Obesity and Bariatric Surgery 31
Doina Kulick and Vicki Bovee

Chapter 2 Vitamins, Minerals, and Dietary Supplements 49
Kelly Keenan, Herbert A. Hodgson, and Darwin Deen

Case 1 Iron Deficiency Anemia in Women 83
Darwin Deen, Arielle Elmaleh-Sachs, and Lisa Hark

Case 2 Drug–Herb Interaction with St. John’s Wort 89
Ara DerMarderosian and Melissa G. Marko

Case 3 Nutrient Deficiencies and Lead Poisoning in Children 95
Gerald F. O’Malley, Rika N. O’Malley, and Heather McMahon

Part II Nutrition Throughout the Life Cycle

Chapter 3 Nutrition in Pregnancy and Lactation 111
Elizabeth Horvitz West, Lisa Hark, and Darwin Deen

Case 1 Prevention of Neural Tube Defects 129
Frances Burke, Amy McKeever, and Stephanie Rand

Case 2 Encouraging Breastfeeding 137
Ruth A. Lawrence and Catherine Sullivan

Chapter 4 Infants, Children, and Adolescents 146
Carine M. Lenders, Kathy Ireland, and Andrew M. Tershakovec

Case 1 Overweight Child with Insulin Resistance 173
Andrew M. Tershakovec and Lisa Hark

Case 2 Malnutrition and Refeeding Syndrome in Children 181
John A. Kerner and Jo Ann T. Hattner

Case 3 Eating Disorders in Adolescent Athletes 187
Diane Barsky, Thomas A. Novack, and Andrea St. Cyr

Chapter 5 Older Adults 197
Cecilia Borden and Lisa Hark

Case 1 Malnutrition and Depression 214
Katherine Galluzzi, Barry W. Rovner, and Stephen V. Di Sabatino

Case 2 Macular Degeneration 221
Philip Storey, Hirsh Sharma, and Lisa Hark

Case 3 Menopause and Weight Gain 227
Lynne Bucovetsky, Amanda J. Skwara, and Lisa Hark

Part III Integrative Systems and Disease

Chapter 6 Cardiovascular Disease 241
Jo Ann S. Carson, Scott M. Grundy, and Lisa Hark

Case 1 Disorders of Lipid Metabolism 257
Wahida Karmally and Henry Ginsberg

Case 2 Hypertension and Lifestyle Modifications 266
Frances Burke, Emil M. deGoma, and Andrew Zheng

Case 3 Metabolic Syndrome and Lp(a) Genetic Defect 274
Erik Kelly, Lisa Hark, and Danielle Duffy

Chapter 7 Gastrointestinal Disease 288
Julie Vanderpool and Charles P. B. Vanderpool

Case 1 Alcohol and Vitamin Deficiencies 308
David J. Axelrod

Case 2 Malabsorption 314
Priyamvada M. Pitale and Prachi Vishwasrao

Case 3 Celiac Disease 322
Marilyn S. Edwards, Andrew W. Du Pont, and Rachel Grosso

Chapter 8 Endocrine Disease: Diabetes Mellitus 332
Marion J. Franz

Case 1 Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Ketoacidosis 346
Judith Wylie-Rosett and Brian W. Tobin

Case 2 Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 356
Samuel N. Grief, Frances Burke, and Sunil Adige

Case 3 Polycystic Ovary Syndrome 364
Erik Blomain, Marilyn S. Edwards, and Dara Blomain

Chapter 9 Pulmonary Disease 375
Horace M. DeLisser, Bianca Collymore, and Calvin Lambert Jr.

Case 1 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 383
Horace M. DeLisser, Bianca Collymore, Calvin Lambert Jr., and Stephanie Dobak

Case 2 Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Metabolic Syndrome 391
Indira Gurubhagavatula, Sharon D. Perkins, and Katherine M. Fellenstein

Case 3: Cystic Fibrosis 402
Laura M. Grande and Maria R. Mascarenhas

Chapter 10 Renal Disease 410
Jean Stover, Gail Morrison, and Susan Lupackino

Case 1 Chronic Renal Failure Advancing to Dialysis 427
Jean Stover and Gail Morrison

Part IV Fundamentals of Oncology and Nutrition Support

Chapter 11 Cancer Prevention and Treatment 439
Tamara Bockow Kaplan, Monica H. Crawford, and Pranay Soni

Case 1 Prevention of Colon Cancer 460
Samantha Brackett, Gerald A. Isenberg, and Benjamin R. Phillips

Chapter 12 Enteral Nutrition Support 469
Jill Murphree and Douglas L. Seidner

Case 1 Enteral Feeding and Esophageal Cancer 479
Monica H. Crawford and Andrew Chapman

Chapter 13 Parenteral Nutrition Support 488
Monica Habib, Laura Matarese, and Ezra Steiger

Case 1 Colon Cancer and Post-Operative Care 497
José Antonio S. Ruy-Díaz Renoso and Diana Orenstein

Appendices 505

Review Questions 523

Review Answers 552

Index 555