Haematology in Critical Care – A Practical Handbook

Dr Jecko Thachil, Honorary Consultant in Haemostasis and Thrombosis, Royal Liverpool Teaching Hospitals, Academic Clinical Lecturer, Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK Dr Thachil co-chairs the Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Subcommittee of the International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis and is the review editor for Physician Information and Educational Resource for American College of Physicians. He has authored over seventy publications in peer reviewed journals and has co-authored the British committee of Standards in Haematology guideline for DIC. Dr Thachil also has research collaborations with intensive care staff in the northwest England and is the organizer of Haematology in Intensive Care educational sessions for the region. Dr Quentin A. Hill, Consultant Haematologist, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Honorary Senior Lecturer, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK Dr Hill has been principle investigator for a number of phase II and III clinical trials and has published 6 peer reviewed journal articles (5 as first author). He has also written book chapters for "Problem Solving in Haematology" published in March 2010 (ISBN: 1846920051, Atlas Medical Publishing, Ltd). He provides attending cover for a 40 bedded haematology unit. He often interacts with intensive care staff and has developed an interest in critical care issues during this time. Dr Hill has published a single author review on survival of critically ill patients with haematological malignancy in 2010 and has submitted a further paper on regional ICU outcomes for publication. Dr Hill has lectured on this subject regionally and nationally.

List of Contributors, v Preface, ix Acknowledgements, x Section 1 Approach to Abnormal Blood Tests 1 Diagnostic Approach to Anaemia in Critical Care, 3 Stephen F. Hawkins and Quentin A. Hill 2 Leukopenia, 9 Stephen F. Hawkins, Jecko Thachil and Quentin A. Hill 3 Thrombocytopenia in the Intensive Care Unit, 12 Jecko Thachil 4 High Blood Counts, 16 Quentin A. Hill 5 The Abnormal Clotting Profile, 26 Jecko Thachil 6 Understanding the Blood Film, 31 Stephen F. Hawkins and Quentin A. Hill Section 2 Approach to Coagulation Problems 7 Venous Thromboembolism in Intensive Care, 39 Sarah A. Bennett and Roopen Arya 8 Reversal and Monitoring of Anticoagulants, 45 Joost J. van Veen 9 Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, 52 Jecko Thachil 10 Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia, 58 Jerrold H. Levy and Anne M. Winkler 11 Thrombotic Microangiopathies, 62 Mari Thomas and Marie Scully 12 Critical Care of Patients with a Congenital Bleeding Disorder, 69 Vanessa Martlew Section 3 Approach to Transfusion Problems 13 Blood Components and Their Contents, 77 Shubha Allard 14 Transfusion Reactions, 86 Therese A. Callaghan 15 The Management of Non-traumatic Massive Haemorrhage, 93 Nicola S. Curry and Simon J. Stanworth 16 Plasma Exchange, 100 Khaled El-Ghariani Section 4 Approach to Red Cell Problems 17 Appropriate Haemoglobin in Intensive Care, 107 Jonathan Wallis and Stephen Wright 18 Sickle Cell Disease and Thalassaemia in the Critical Care Setting, 112 Andrew Retter and Jo Howard 19 Management of Patients Who Refuse Blood Transfusion, 118 Derek R. Norfolk and Fran Hartley Section 5 Approach to White Cell Problems 20 Infectious Complications in the Immunosuppressed Patient, 125 Tim Collyns and Elankumaran Paramasivam 21 Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT), 135 John Snowden and Stephen Webber 22 Multiple Myeloma and Hyperviscosity Syndrome, 144 Amin Rahemtulla and Joydeep Chakrabartty, 23 Palliative Care for the Patient with Haematological Malignancy in Intensive Care, 148 Suzanne Kite Section 6 Admission to Intensive Care 24 Haematological Malignancy Outside Intensive Care: Current Practice and Outcomes, 159 Charlotte Kallmeyer 25 Early Care of the Unstable Patient: Preventing Admission to the Intensive Care Unit, 165 Andrew Breen 26 Decisions to Intensify Treatment: Who Will Benefit from Intensive Care?, 171 Quentin A. Hill and Peter A. Hampshire Section 7 Point-of-Care Testing 27 The Relevance of Thromboelastography in Intensive Care Patients, 179 Jon Bailey and Nicola S. Curry Section 8 Haematology Drugs in Critical Care 28 Recombinant Activated Coagulation Factor VII (rFVIIa) in Critical Care, 187 Leon Cloherty and Richard Wenstone 29 The Use of Haemostatic Drugs in Post-operative Bleeding, 192 Catharina Hartman and Nigel Webster 30 Delivering Chemotherapy on Intensive Care, 196 Arvind Arumainathan and Daniel Collins Section 9 Haematology in Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care 31 Neonatal Anaemia, 207 Michael Richards 32 Haemolysis, 213 Michael Richards 33 Approach to Thrombocytopenia, 219 Amrana Qureshi 34 Blood Component Therapy in Children and Neonates, 224 Anne Kelly, Simon J. Stanworth and Helen V. New Section 10 Haematological Emergencies 35 Haematological Emergencies, 235 Quentin A. Hill and Amin Rahemtulla Appendix A: Adult, Paediatric and Neonatal Haematology Reference Intervals, 243 Quentin A. Hill Index, 249