Contemporary Nephrology

1:Water Transport across ADH-Sensitive Epithelia.- 1. Introduction.- 2. A Working Hypothesis.- 3. Biochemical Aspects of the Mechanism of Action of ADH.- 4. Biophysics of Osmotic Water Flow.- 5. Experimental Bases for the Pore Hypothesis of Water Permeation.- 6. Role of the Cytoskeleton and Modulation of the Hydrosmotic Effect of ADH.- 7. Other Barriers to Osmotic Water Flow.- 8. Remaining Questions and Future Directions.- References.- 2:Renal Hemodynamics and Sodium Chloride Excretion.- 1. Renal Hemodynamics.- 2. Sodium Chloride Excretion and Regulation.- 3. Function of Discrete Nephron Segments.- 3:Renal Metabolism.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Renal Substrate Utilization.- 3. Effects of Acidosis on Renal Gene Expression.- 4. Adenosine in the Kidney.- 4:Acid-Base Physiology and Pathophysiology.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Proximal Tubule.- 3. Bicarbonate Reabsorption in the Proximal Tubule.- 4. LoopofHenle.- 5. The Distal Nephron.- 6. Respiratory Acidosis.- 7. Effects of Acidosis.- 8. Ammonia and Urea.- 9. Lactic Acidosis.- 10. Miscellaneous or Global Studies of Acidification.- 11. Clinical Acid-Base Physiology.- 5:Mineral Metabolism.- 1. Inorganic Phosphate.- 2. Calcium.- 3. Vitamin D.- 4. Magnesium.- References.- 6:Sodium, Calcium, and Neurogenic Factors in the Pathogenesis of Essential Hypertension.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Salt and Hypertension.- 3. Calcium and Hypertension.- 4. Relation between Abnormalities of Sodium and Calcium Metabolism in Hypertension.- References.- 7:Immunologic Aspects of Renal Disease.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Mechanisms of Immune Glomerular Injury.- 3. Clinical Aspects of Immune Renal Disease.- 4. Diseases That Commonly Present as Nephrotic Syndrome.- 5. Glomerular Involvement in Systemic Diseases.- 8:Acute Renal Failure and Toxic Nephropathy.- 1. General Aspects.- 2. Cyclosporine.- 3. Aminoglycosides.- 4. Radiocontrast Agent Nephrotoxicity.- 5. Ischemic Acute Renal Failure.- 6. Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Postischemic Renal Injury.- References.- 9:The Kidney in Systemic Disease.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Disorders of the Renal Microvasculature.- 3. Renal Consequences of Tumors.- References.- 10:Congenital Disorders of the Kidneys and Tumors: Alport’s Syndrome and Electrolyte and Metabolism Disorders in Apudomas.- 1. Alport’s Syndrome.- 2. Electrolyte and Metabolic Disorders in Apudomas.- 11:The Uremic Syndrome.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Uremic Toxins.- 3. Progression of Renal Dysfunction.- 4. The Skin.- 5. The Muscles and Joints.- 6. The Gastrointestinal System.- 7. Pulmonary System.- 8. The Cardiovascular System.- 9. The Hematopoietic System.- 10. The Immune System.- 11. The Nervous System.- 12. The Endocrine System.- 12:Nutrition in Renal Disease.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Progression of Renal Disease.- 3. Metabolism in Chronic Renal Failure.- 4. Nutritional Management of CRF Patients.- 5. Nephrotic Syndrome.- 6. Vitamins and Trace Elements.- 7. Nutrition and Renal Transplantation.- 8. Acute Renal Failure.- References.- 13:Dialysis.- 1. Erythropoietin.- 2. New Middle Molecules.- 3. Biocompatibility of Synthetic Membranes.- 4. Peritoneal Dialysis.- 5. Hemodynamic Response to Dialysis.- 6. Shortening Treatment Time.- 7. Filtration Modalities.- 8. Access.- References.- 14:Renal Transplantation.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Immunosuppression.- 3. Cellular Basis of Allograft Rejection.- 4. Tomorrow’s Shangri-la?.- References.- 15:Drugs and the Kidney.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Pharmacologic Principles and the Effects of Renal Disease.- 3. Drug Effects on Renal Function.- 4. Prescribing for Patients with Renal Dysfunction.- 5.Removal of Drugs by Extracorporeal Means and Peritoneal Dialysis.- 6. Aspects of Specific Drugs in Patients with Renal Disease.- 7. Drug Nephrotoxicity.