Recent Trends in Biotechnology and Therapeutic Applications of Medicinal Plants (eBook)

Chapter 1 Phytoactive compounds from in vitro derived tissues1.1. Introduction1.2. Phytoactive compounds and their in vitro sources of derivationChapter 2Bioreactors: A rapid approach for secondary metabolite production2.1. Introduction2.2. Bioreactor vs. chemical reactor2.3. Conventional bioreactors2.4. Advancement in bioreactor technology: Disposable bioreactors2.5. A versatile miniature bioreactor: a novel bioreactor design for bio-electrochemistry studies 2.6. Conclusion and future prospectsChapter 3Hairy Root Culture: An Efficient System for Secondary Metabolite Production3.1 Introduction 3.2 Hairy root culture3.3 Hairy root culture: ‘Productive Vehicle’ for secondary metabolites3.4 Other applications3.5 Problems of hairy root culture3.6 Conclusion and future prospectsChapter 4Elicitation: An Alternative Approach towards commercialization of Secondary Metabolite Production4.1 Introduction4.2 Classification of elicitors4.3 Active mechanism of elicitation in plant cellsChapter 5Plant Natural Products as a potential source of antimicrobial agents: an overview and a glimpse on recent developments5.1 Introduction5.2 Antibacterial potential in plant natural products5.3 Antimycobacterial Potential 5.4 Antifungal potential in plant natural products5.5 Antiparasitic potential in Plant natural products5.6 Utility of plant-secondary metabolites (PSMs) in reversing multi-drug resistance (MDR)5.7 Antiviral potential in plant natural products with special reference to HIV and influenza virusChapter 6Recent Trends in Prevention and Treatment of Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease by Natural Plant Products6.1 Introduction6.2 Etiology of dental caries and periodontal disease6.3 Prevention and Treatment of dental caries and periodontal disease6.4Treatment of dental diseases by natural plant products6.5 Antimicrobial activity of crude plant extracts6.6 Antimicrobial activity of purified phytochemicals6.7 Plant extracts which inhibit the adhesion of oral bacteria6.8 Antimicrobial activity of essential oils6.9 ConclusionsChapter 7Antimicrobial Activity of Plants Used In México for Gastrointestinal and Respiratory Disorders7.1 Introduction                7.2 Bioassays      7.3 Extracts obtained from Mexican plants active against Gram positive bacteria                7.4 Extracts obtained from Mexican plants active against M. tuberculosis              7.5 Extracts obtained from Mexican plants active against Gram-negative bacteria              7.6 Extracts obtained from Mexican plants active against pathogenic fungi            7.7 Active isolated compounds  7.8 Conclusion   Chapter 8Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry Pharmacological and Biotechnogical approaches of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don8.1. Introduction8.2. Taxonomy, Habit and Habitat of Catharanthus roseus 8.3. Traditional uses and biological activites of C. roseus 8.4. Role of Biotechnological approaches in Catharanthus micropropagation and enhancement of pharmaceutically active compounds being used in the treatment of various diseases 8.5. Biosynthesis of alkaloids in Catharanthus8.6. Metabolic and genetic engineering in alkaloids biosynthesis8.7. Coupling methods for alkaloids biosynthesis    8.8. Cellular compartmentation8.9. ConclusionsChapter 9Nutraceuticals- Recent Developments and Future Prospectives9.1 Definition and introduction9.2 Worldwide Status9.3 Significance9.4 Classification of nutraceuticals 9.5 Nutrigenomics: Strategies and future 9.6 Regulatory Status9.7 Future Prospectives9.8 ConclusionsChapter 10   Plant Edible Vaccines: A Revolution in Vaccination 10.1. Introduction10.2. Concept of plant edible vaccines10.3. Mechanism of action10.4. Preparation of edible vaccines10.5. Need and advantages of plant edible vaccines10.6. Applications of plant edible vaccine 10.7. Potential issues to be addressed10.8. Transgenic chloroplast systems10.9. Recent developments10.10. ConclusionsChapter 11Malaria and Phytomedicine11.1 Introduction11.2 Development of Phytomedicine11.3 Reverse Pharmacology11.4 Currently Available Phytomedicines Against Malaria11.5 Potential Candidates11.6 Concluding remarks and Future trendsChapter 12 In vitro conservation protocols for some rare medicinal plant species12.1. Introduction12.2. Clonal multiplication of some rare medicinal plantsChapter 13In vitro conservation protocols for some threatened medicinal-plant protocols13.1. Introduction13.2. Best Protocols of some threatened plants Chapter 14In vitro conservation protocols for some endangered medicinal-plant protocols14.1. Introduction14.2. General methodology14.3. Tylophora indica (Burm.f.) Merrill (Asclepiadaceae)14.4. Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del. (Balanitaceae)14.5. Eremostachys superba Royle ex Benth. (Lamiaceae)14.6. Tecomella undulata (Sm.) Seem. (Bignoniaceae)14.7. Gloriosa superba Linn. (Liliaceae)14.8. Commiphora wightii (Arnott.) Bhandari14.9. Gentiana kurroo Royle (Gentianaceae)Chapter 15In vitro conservation protocols for some commercially important medicinal plants.15.1. Introduction15.2. Materials and methods15.3 In vitro regeneration in some selected medicinally important plant species.