Optics in Biomedical Sciences

I. Unconventional Imaging in Microscopy.- Electron Microscopy in Medicine and Biology: Methods and Recent Developments.- Electron Microscopy in Medicine and Biology: Applications.- Laser Projection Microscope: Principle and Applications in Biology.- Ultrasonic Microscopy in Medicine and Biology.- Imaging and Microscopy with Optoacoustic and Photothermal Methods.- II. Image Processing.- Biomedical Image Classification by Data Reduction.- Optimization Criteria for Television-Based Image Digitizers.- Digital Image Analysis of Complex Periodical Viral Structures.- Molecular Order of Ceramide Trihexoside (CTH) Inclusions of Fabry's Disease: Study Through Digital Image Processing and Optical Fourier Transformation.- Hierarchical Description of Image Structure.- On the Optimization of Scintillation Camera Collimators with Parallel Holes.- Computer Analysis of Compton Scattering Images: Acquisition, Restoration and Application in Patients with Pulmonary Oedema.- 3-D Time Gated Transaxial Tomography in Nuclear Medicine.- Image Processing of Cancer Radiographs.- Assessment of Radiographic Image Quality by a Single Number in Terms of Entropy.- Reciprocity-Law Failure in Medical Screen-Film Systems and its Effects on Patient Exposure and Image Quality.- Transmission Imaging with Incoherent Ultrasound.- III. Interferometry and Holography.- Laser Interferometric Measurement of Basilar Membrane Vibrations in Cats Using a Round Window Approach.- Displacement Measurement of the Basilar Membrane in Guinea Pigs by Means of an Optical-Fiber Interferometer.- On Easy-to-Handle Holocameras for Endoscopic Applications.- Holographic Measurement of Deformation in Complete Upper Dentures - Clinical Application.- Holographic Investigation of Tooth Deformations.- Otoscopic Investigations byHolographic Interferometry: A Fiber Endoscopic Approach Using a Pulsed Ruby Laser System.- Vibration Analysis of Tympanic Membranes: Measurement of Vibration Waveforms Using Sampling Series of Double-Pulse Interferograms.- Application of Rainbow Holography for Speckle Reduction in Tympanic Membrane Interferometry.- Suppression of Disturbing Light Reflexes in Holography, Applied to Practical Recording Problems in Medicine and Technology.- Holographic Vibration Analysis of the Frontal Part of the Human Neck During Singing.- Holographic Measurement of Rabbit-Eyeball Deformations Caused by Intraocular Pressure Change.- Holographic Investigations of the Human Pelvis.- IV. Speckle-Techniques and Spectroscopy.- Speckle Techniques for Use in Biology and Medicine.- Bio-Medical Applications of ESPI.- Retinal Blood Flow Visualization by Means of Laser Speckle.- Measurement of Interior Displacement of the Human Crystalline Lens by Using Speckle Pattern.- Categorization of Microparticles and Biological Cells by Laser Diffractometry.- Biomedical Applications of Molecular Luminescence.- A Measurement System for Otoscopic Spectroscopy in vivo.- Noninvasive Method for Evaluation of the Ratschow Test.- V. Optometry.- Optical Techniques for Detecting and Improving Deficient Vision.- Computer-Assisted Objective Optometer.- Fundus Imaging by a Microprocessor Controlled Laser Scanning Device.- Examination of Low-Luminance Myopia with a Laser Optometer.- Measuring the Shape of Soft Corneal Lenses.- Topographical and Tear Film Thickness Measurements of the Cornea of the Human Eye.- In situ Measurements of the Geometrical and Optical Properties of the Anterior Segment of the Eye.- Analytic Reconstruction of the Human Cornea by Means of a Slit Lamp and Digital Picture Processing.- A New Noninvasive Optical Method for Studying Binocular Vision by Infrared Image Processing.- Applications of the Nonlinear, Visual Operator "Lateral Inhibition" in Image Processing.- Visual Resolution of Colours in Overlapped Patterns of Two Colours with Sinusoidal Intensity Distribution.- Speckle Pattern Stimulator for Visual Evoked Potentials.- VI. Moiré Methods.- Survey on Applications of Moiré-Techniques in Medicine and Biology.- Moiré Topography in Scoliosis Research.- High-Precision Moiré Topography Based on Scanning Techniques.- Some Problems in Analytical Reconstruction of Biological Shapes from Moiré Topograms.- Automatic Measurement of Body Surfaces Using Rasterstereography.- Quantification of the Symmetry of the Nose Using an Analysis of Moiré Photographs of the Face.- VII. Closing Remarks.- Closing Remarks.- Index of Contributors.